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81. Final Research Plan: Anxiety Disorders in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/anxiety-adults-screening
    August 27, 2020 - Sample must include an estimated 50% or more of participants with an included disorder but may also include … some participants with related (e.g., other depressive or anxiety disorders) or subsyndromal conditions … Participants must be recruited from a primary care or comparable broad health care setting. … In response, although studies limited to these participants will continue to be excluded, the USPSTF … will include studies that enroll participants with the conditions listed above as part of an unselected

82. Primary Care–Relevant Interventions to Prevent Falling in Older Adults: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/VpT-c4bnmvHFRPyKgPwb2Z
    December 01, 2010 - The remaining studies excluded participants who were lost to follow-up or were dead from the analyses … One good-quality trial conducted in New Zealand (312 participants) had a higher proportion of fall- ers … Home-Hazard Modification We evaluated 3 trials of home-hazard modification (2348 participants) (48, … Two of these interventions also included behavioral counseling of inter- vention participants (48, 75 … Most studies (68%) en- rolled participants who were preselected for increased risk factors for falls,

83. Screening for Hearing Loss in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/TYjwJNXQX6fJfwsvWugc9n
    November 30, 2020 - Results A total of 41 studies (45 articles) with 26 386 participants were included (Figure 2). … Participants were Figure 1. … Participants who screened positive for hearing loss in any of the screening groups were told that they … Participants in the non- screened group were provided with a telephone number for the audiology clinic … (mean, median, or range), the me- dian age of participants was 69 years.

84. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DxeDM5ywg2J7SwKmETXfbX
    May 01, 2021 - Study sizes ranged from 43 to 1033 participants, and stud- ies were generally conducted in participants … All studies recruited participants with known or suspected OSA from specialty clinics. … Overall, 1% to 47% of trial participants re- ported any harms from treatment with positive airway pressure … In 7 trials, 17% to 74% of participants re- ported oral mucosal, dental, or jaw symptoms, compared with … 0% to 17% of participants in comparator groups (sham treatment, no treat- ment, or conservative management

85. Evidence Summary: Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/screening-for-prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes
    August 24, 2021 - For recently diagnosed (not screen-detected) diabetes, 5 RCTs (5138 participants) were included. … ) 36 , 49 and the Ely study (n = 4936 participants) (eTable 7 in the JAMA Supplement). 38 , 50 , 51 … Participants were aged 40 to 69 years (mean, 58) without known diabetes and at high risk of diabetes … Among a subset of participants who were diagnosed with diabetes and attended a health assessment after … For benefits of screening, the strength of evidence from 2 trials (25,120 total participants) was low

86. Archived: Evidence Summary: Tobacco Use in Children and Adolescents: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary26/tobacco-use-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions
    December 11, 2012 - in behavior-based prevention interventions compared with control participants. … Participants in the cessation trials were generally older than participants in the combined and prevention … more participants in the prevention studies. … versus control participants at 7 to 36 months of follow-up. … ‡ At baseline, 22.0% of participants in the intervention group and 21.7% of participants in the control

87. Archived: Evidence Summary: Tobacco Use in Children and Adolescents: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary26/tobacco-use-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions-2013
    December 11, 2012 - in behavior-based prevention interventions compared with control participants. … Participants in the cessation trials were generally older than participants in the combined and prevention … more participants in the prevention studies. … versus control participants at 7 to 36 months of follow-up. … ‡ At baseline, 22.0% of participants in the intervention group and 21.7% of participants in the control

88. Evidence Summary: Peripheral Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Screening and Risk Assessment With the Ankle-Brachial Index | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/peripheral-artery-disease-in-adults-screening-with-the-ankle-brachial-index
    July 10, 2018 - Results: Five studies (N = 5864 participants) were included that examined the indirect evidence for … This review allowed studies with participants reporting atypical symptoms with higher baseline values … Of the participants, 55.9% and 71.5% were women in the POPADAD and AAA trials, respectively. … of participants in the AAA trial had diabetes. … In AAA and POPADAD, 33% and 31% of participants, respectively, were current smokers.

89. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Obesity in Adults: Screening and Management | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary38/obesity-in-adults-screening-and-management-2012
    October 15, 2011 - Weight-loss treatment reduced diabetes incidence in participants with prediabetes. … (11,256 participants) involved orlistat plus behavioral interventions 65–82 , and 3 (2652 participants … Participants had mean ages of 34 to 70 years. … Overall, 60% of participants were female; less than 40% of patients were nonwhite. … Orlistat trial participants were 66% female, and less than 12% were nonwhite.

90. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/XGHwLrLfb_78ymEUwGF6jR
    March 19, 2024 - RESULTS Twenty-five trials (N = 14 355 participants) were included; 23 included home visits. … Evidence from 11 studies (5311 participants) indicated no differences in likelihood of reports to Child … Five studies (3336 participants) found no differences in removal of the child from the home within 1 … Studies that included a ma- jority of participants who had previously been reported for mal- treatment … The majority of studies enrolled participants in the prenatal pe- riod or immediately after birth (60%

91. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Z6Rfj-qwfoMbuLp-hBmhzS
    May 01, 2021 - Twenty- five percent of all participants had OSAS. … Most trials (53) followed up participants for 12 weeks or less; 10 trials followed up participants over … Almost all studies included participants with mild to moderate OSA, and 6 also in- cluded participants … The majority of participants were men, the mean age ranged from 42 to 62 years, and most participants … ; 1541 participants), and 1 limited to populations with resistant hypertension (23 RCTs; 4905 participants

92. Recommendation: Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/screening-depression-suicide-risk-adults
    June 20, 2023 - In the studies, participants were 55 years or older (mean age, 69-85 years). … Fifty percent to 70% of participants were women. Race or ethnicity was reported in only 4 studies. … Across all studies, 93% of all participants were women. … Women also comprised a majority of participants in studies focused on general adult populations (73% … studies); of Hispanic/Latino study participants, from 4.5% to 59.3% (4 studies); and of White study participants

93. Archived: C-Reactive Protein as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/c-reactive-protein-as-a-risk-factor-for-coronary-heart-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analyses-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors
    July 15, 2008 - We excluded studies in which no participants were likely to be classified as intermediate-risk by using … , or how those participants would be reclassified if CRP were used. … Most of these were studies in which the participants were or were likely to be at increased risk for … Among participants with a CRP level greater than 3.0 mg/L, some with an initial 10-year risk of 15% to … receiving placebo and 1.4 mmol/L (55 mg/dL) in participants assigned to receive rosuvastatin.

94. Archived: C-Reactive Protein as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/c-reactive-protein-as-a-risk-factor-for-coronary-heart-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analyses-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors-2009
    July 15, 2008 - We excluded studies in which no participants were likely to be classified as intermediate-risk by using … , or how those participants would be reclassified if CRP were used. … Most of these were studies in which the participants were or were likely to be at increased risk for … Among participants with a CRP level greater than 3.0 mg/L, some with an initial 10-year risk of 15% to … receiving placebo and 1.4 mmol/L (55 mg/dL) in participants assigned to receive rosuvastatin.

95. 6Ngc3Byq9Jeby Pwyvd6Or (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6Ngc3byQ9jeBy_pwyvD6or
    September 01, 2014 - Absolute reduc- tion of nonperioperative strokes was 5.5% (95% CI, 3.9% to 7.0%; 3 trials; 5223 participants … ) and 3.3% (CI, 2.7% to 3.9%; 7 studies; 17 474 participants), respectively. … It reported sensitivity and specificity for detecting stenosis of 50% or greater (1716 participants) … Sensi- tivity and specificity for detecting stenosis of 70% or greater (2140 participants) were 90% ( … Our meta- analysis of 2 trials found a rate of 3.1% (CI, 2.7% to 3.6%; 6152 participants) (Table 2).

96. Draft Recommendation: Promotion of a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cvd-prevention-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling
    January 18, 2022 - ranged widely from 18.5 to 79.5 years. 1 The average BMI of trial participants across studies was in … /Latino, Black, Asian, or Native American/American Indian persons comprised more than two-thirds of participants … interventions on diet, physical activity, or sedentary health behaviors. 1 Compared with controls, participants … activity recommendations after 6 to 12 months (pooled odds ratio, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.18 to 1.67]). 1 Participants … Studies should enroll enough participants from populations disproportionately affected by CVD to understand

97. Draft Recommendation: Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cvd-prevention-adults-without-cvd-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling
    January 18, 2022 - ranged widely from 18.5 to 79.5 years. 1 The average BMI of trial participants across studies was in … /Latino, Black, Asian, or Native American/American Indian persons comprised more than two-thirds of participants … interventions on diet, physical activity, or sedentary health behaviors. 1 Compared with controls, participants … activity recommendations after 6 to 12 months (pooled odds ratio, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.18 to 1.67]). 1 Participants … Studies should enroll enough participants from populations disproportionately affected by CVD to understand

98. Draft Recommendation: Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/vitamin-d-deficiency-screening-adults
    September 22, 2020 - there was no association between treatment with vitamin D and calcium and all-cause mortality among participants … with baseline vitamin D levels between 14 and 21 ng/mL and among participants with baseline levels less … Both trials reported no difference in cancer incidence between participants randomized to treatment and … placebo among the subgroup of participants with serum 25-(OH)D levels less than 20 ng/mL at baseline … Different studies enrolled participants with vitamin D levels that ranged from less than 20 ng/mL to

99. Recommendation: Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-d-deficiency-screening
    April 13, 2021 - placebo among the subgroup of participants with serum 25(OH)D levels less than 20 ng/mL at baseline. … It found no significant difference between participants randomized to vitamin D or placebo among the … subgroup of participants with baseline vitamin D levels less than 12 ng/mL (adjusted OR, 1.03 [95% CI … Among the subgroup of participants with baseline serum vitamin D levels less than 20 ng/mL (n = 1328) … Different studies enrolled participants with vitamin D levels that ranged from less than 20 ng/mL to

100. Recommendation: Atrial Fibrillation: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/atrial-fibrillation-screening
     January 25, 2022 - The mHealth Screening to Prevent Strokes (mSToPS) trial (n = 2659) randomized participants to screening … The mean age of participants in this study was 80 years, and all were required to have hypertension. … with clinical, usually long-standing, persistent AF; none focused on participants who were detected … (2.6% of participants), although the balance of benefits or harms of these findings is unknown. 39 … It is important that screening trials enroll sufficient participants of both sexes and diverse racial