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181. Executive Summary: Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 256_Effectiveness of Telehealth for Women's Preventive Services (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-256-telehealth-women-preventive-services-executive-summary.pdf
     June 01, 2022 - comparator Preventive Service Outcome Intervention Comparison Number of Studies;* Study Design; Participants … 5 Preventive Service Outcome Intervention Comparison Number of Studies;* Study Design; Participants

182. Smoking-Pregnancy-Infants Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/smoking-pregnancy-infants_executive.pdf
     February 01, 2014 - Studies were required to include a minimum of 20 participants with data in each study arm. … studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this intervention, as the study included only 54 participants … in the full report) summarize the total number of studies and, within those studies, the number of participants … Note: Table shows data from 8, 086 participants randomized in 23 RCTs. … Interventions were generally more effective among participants with lower levels of tobacco dependence

183. S158 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s158.pdf
     October 01, 2007 - Results: Validation studies are categorized as internal (ie, additional information is collected on participants … The main limitations stem from selection of participants into trials who are healthier and want to pursue … not represented in trials.1 In observational studies, it is possible to include a wide variety of participants … This subsample can then be conceptualized as “complete subjects,” in contrast to the other participants … Internal validation studies depend on the feasibility of collecting additional data from study participants

184. Transparency of Reporting Requirements: Effectiveness of Treatments Options for the Prevention of Complications and Treatment of Symptoms of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/transparency-neuropathy_research-protocol.pdf
     September 01, 2016 - ClinicalTrials.gov captures several data elements including number of enrolled and completed trial participants … the intervention was the same AND 1 or more groups in the trial had an identical number of study participants … Reasons for delays (if any) Population Total enrollment, sample size in each arm, drop-outs Participants

185. Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults: Future Research Needs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatitis-c-treatment-future_research.pdf
     April 01, 2013 - The Webinar participants also gave feedback on the list of gaps identified in the original CER. … Hepatitis C virus genotypes and viral concentratiosn in participants of a general population survey … SVR 12 Proportion of participants with SVR 24 Number of participants with HCV RNA level >1000 IU/ … mL Number of participants with viral breakthrough Number of participants with viral relapse Number … of participants with normalized alanine aminotransferase levels Number of participants with on-treatment

186. Rotator-Cuff-Tear-Surveillance-140925 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rotator-cuff-tear-surveillance-140925.pdf
     February 01, 2014 - Males comprised an average of 64.6 percent of study participants. … Males comprised an average of 58.9 percent of study participants. … Males comprised an average of 64.6 percent of study participants. … Males comprised an average of 50 percent of participants. … Males represented 55 percent of study participants.

187. Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: An Update Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/osteoarthritis-knee-update-executive-170505.pdf
     May 01, 2017 - If studies reported whether their outcomes met a MCID or reported on the percent of participants who … Many RCTs of physical interventions reported that participants were not or could not be blinded. … Second, published MCIDs depend on the disease severity of the participants; the included studies often … did not report or varied widely in the disease severity of participants. … Reported outcomes need to include the percent of participants who experience improvement as well as

188. ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF INCLUDED STUDIES (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/assessing-the-risk-of-bias_draft-report.pdf
     June 02, 2011 - matching in case-control studies Performance Bias Systematic differences in the care provided to participants … x x Did the strategy for recruiting participants into the study differ across study groups? … Participants also recognized that many of the tools being used were not based on empirical evidence … Was the NUMBER of participants that withdrew or were lost to follow-up specified for each study group … Was the TOTAL NUMBER of participants affected by harms specified for each study arm? 14.

189. Disposition of Comments for Evidence Report 221 Behavioral Programs for Diabetes Mellitus (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/diabetes-behavior-programs_disposition-comments.pdf
     September 28, 2015 - from the authors’ explicit statements for study inclusion or the clinical characteristics of the participants … We defined usual care as the clinical management received by all study participants, regardless of their … , study personnel, and outcome assessors, need to add a statement that blinding participants and study … Participants are aware of the treatment they are receiving and it is not possible to blind the treatment … While we agree that blinding of participants and providers is difficult, the risk of bias still remains

190. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cerebral-palsy-feeding_research-protocol.pdf
     June 12, 2012 - We anticipate that participants in studies of surgical interventions likely have more severe feeding … and personnel) Described all measures used, if any, to blind study participants and personnel from … Reviewer Comments: Performance bias due to knowledge of the allocated interventions by participants … Not described in sufficient detail Judgment: Blinding (participants and personnel) □ High … Detection bias Were the outcome assessors blinded to the intervention or exposure status of participants

191. Disposition of Comments_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 260: Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-260-improved-cancer-outcomes-disposition-comments.pdf
     May 22, 2023 - We cannot recruit adequate numbers of participants for dietary/lifestyle interventions while requiring … biopsies, as supposed to industry drug trials, where participants are motivated by high monetary … given limited resources, we focused only on randomized controlled trials randomizing at least 50 participants … stakeholders, we chose to focus the review on randomized controlled trials randomizing at least 50 participants

192. Quantitative Synthesis: Chapter 1. Decision To Combine Trials (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ehc-presentation-quantitative-synthesis-chapter-1.pdf
     July 01, 2019 - standard • It is recommended to explore variability: ► Clinical intervention ► Control condition ► Participants … ► Study design ► Outcome ► Follow-up time Heterogeneity • Clinical heterogeneity relates to participants

193. Arthritis-Knee-Physical-Therapy Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/arthritis-knee-physical-therapy_executive.pdf
     November 01, 2012 - More than 70 percent of the participants were female. … Body mass index (BMI) of participants averaged 29 kg/m2. … Evidence from three RCTs with 167 participants contributed to the pooled analyses at the longest time … Adverse events were not severe enough to deter participants from continuing treatment. … Adverse events were not severe enough to deter participants from continuing treatment.

194. Executive Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 273_Treatment of Stages I-III Squamous Cell Anal Cancer: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-273-anal-cancer-executive-summary.pdf
     August 01, 2024 - and strength of evidence Intervention Comparison Outcome Number of Studies; Study Design; Participants … Low 4 Intervention Comparison Outcome Number of Studies; Study Design; Participants

195. Future Research Needs for Noncyclic Chronic Pelvic Pain Therapies for Women (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/pelvic-pain-therapies-future_research.pdf
     January 01, 2015 - One of the strengths of our process included the constituents of the stakeholder participants. … In particular, few trials adequately concealed treatment assignments from participants, investigators … The drop-out rate exceeded 10 percent in eight studies and more than 20 percent of participants were … The CER recommended that future studies outline and report the diagnostic process for participants. … One of the strengths of our process included the constituents of the stakeholder participants.

196. Masks for Prevention of COVID-19 in Community and Healthcare Settings (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rapid-review-masks-prevention-covid-version-1.pdf
     December 01, 2021 - The number of participants ranged from 164 to 7,687. … Blinding of participants to the mask and other interventions (e.g., hand hygiene) was not possible. … Participants in the trials generally received education on preventing respiratory infection and hand … used for research purposes, but should not be considered current. 18 PICOTS Participants … units Interventions N95 respirator Medical mask Condition COVID-19 Outcomes Number of participants

197. #14 SUBSTANCE ABUSE (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/14_substance_abuse_potential_high_impact_2012-12-11.pdf
     January 01, 2012 - Participants are required to respond to all parameters. … Combined, the portals allow participants to update their profiles and monitor their progress before … program can be accessed and used through the text interface alone. 3 Combined, the portals allow participants … the United States in June 2011. 2 In results of a 4-week pilot test of the intervention with 23 participants … who were smokers, the study authors reported that 14.3% of the participants quit smoking at 4 weeks

198. Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia: Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/Evidence%20Summary_1.pdf
     April 01, 2020 - Biomarker studies were limited because many study participants with biomarker measures did not complete … Responder analyses showed that compared with placebo, for approximately every 5 to 13 participants … For memantine, one trial suggested that for every 6 additional participants assigned memantine compared … Among participants with collected biomarkers, studies should compare characteristics between participants … Trials should enroll more diverse participants, including nonwhites and older patients, and pre-specify

199. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hip-fracture-pain_research-protocol.pdf
     December 09, 2009 - Even though there is a consensus that the average age of participants will be over 60 to 65 years … nonrandomized controlled trials, cohort studies (prospective or retrospective), case-control studies Participants … Observational study designs with no comparison group (case reports, case series, cross sectional studies) Participants … Majority (>80%) of participants <50 years, as stated by the study investigators or evident from the … trial characteristics (e.g., mean/SD of patient population); participants with underlying pathological

200. Disposition of Comments_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 257_Schedule of Visits and Televisits for Routine Antenatal Care: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-257-antenatal-care-disposition-comments.pdf
     June 28, 2022 - Public reviewer 1 National Center for Health Research General Comments The majority of participants … Further, as the review states, most participants were low-risk patients, the number of scheduled visits