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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/fibromyalgia_executive.pdf
January 01, 2015 - Those subgroup-intervention-outcome
comparisons with at least low strength of evidence
are provided … All four studies assessed
unique treatment-subgroup-outcome combinations.
8
Key Question 2. … Placebo
Outcome:
Change From
Baseline Conclusion
Number
of Studies Strength of Evidence
With MDD … Placebo
Outcome:
Change From
Baseline Conclusion
Number
of Studies Strength of Evidence
With MDD … For all other subgroup-treatment-outcome comparisons,
evidence was insufficient to draw conclusions
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/labor-dystocia_research-protocol.pdf
July 28, 2016 - OR “First Stage Labor”[tiab] OR “First Stage Labor”[tiab]) AND ("Time
Factors"[Mesh] OR "Pregnancy Outcome … The grading will be outcome-specific such that a given study that analyzes its primary
outcome well … but did an incomplete analysis of a secondary outcome would be assigned a
different quality grade for … of bias), consistency, directness, precision, and reporting bias,
which includes publication bias, outcome … When the body of
evidence for a particular outcome includes both RCTs and observational studies, we
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-choosing-outcomes.ppt
June 01, 2012 - Cost as an Outcome
Additional cost outcomes might also be considered if appropriate to the systematic … Also consider who actually experiences the outcome in addition to the patient:
Family members (e.g., … the outcome when deciding which outcomes should be included in a review. … Cost was not considered as an outcome in the analysis. … However again, this outcome is not expected to differ between CT and conventional angiography.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-choosing-outcomes.ppt
June 01, 2012 - Cost as an Outcome
Additional cost outcomes might also be considered if appropriate to the systematic … Also consider who actually experiences the outcome in addition to the patient:
Family members (e.g., … the outcome when deciding which outcomes should be included in a review. … Cost was not considered as an outcome in the analysis. … However again, this outcome is not expected to differ between CT and conventional angiography.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/stem-cell-children_research-protocol.pdf
November 01, 2010 - Studies will be included for Key Question 1 and Key Question 2 if they:
o report on an outcome of … Studies will be included for Key Question 3 and Key Question 4 if they:
o report on an outcome of … Did the article report on a relevant outcome of interest? OR
4. … • Were outcome measures clearly valid, reliable and equally applied to
treatment groups? … • Were outcome assessors blind?
• Was the length of follow-up adequate?
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/tympanostomy-tubes-disposition.pdf
May 05, 2017 - Discussed separately as they represent
different outcome metrics. … We did not perform meta-analysis for KQ2 due to
heterogeneity of outcome reporting. … I also
thought the definitions and
diagnostic criteria for the
outcome measures were
appropriate. … For an
outcome showing TT
effectiveness? For either
direction, better or worse? … Hearing was not an outcome specified by KQ 2.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/tympanostomy-tubes-disposition.pdf
May 05, 2017 - Discussed separately as they represent
different outcome metrics. … We did not perform meta-analysis for KQ2 due to
heterogeneity of outcome reporting. … I also
thought the definitions and
diagnostic criteria for the
outcome measures were
appropriate. … For an
outcome showing TT
effectiveness? For either
direction, better or worse? … Hearing was not an outcome specified by KQ 2.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/acute-pain-ems-protocol-amendment.pdf
January 28, 2019 - measures, and the results of
each outcome, including measures of variability. … and amount of between-study heterogeneity) will be conducted when 10 or
greater studies report the outcome … Clinically important differences for graded outcomes
Outcome Clinically important difference
Pain … ) High – We are very confident that the estimate of effect lies close to the true effect
for this outcome … are unable to estimate an effect, or we have
no confidence in the estimate of the effect for this outcome
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/indirect-comparisons/research-2013
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/insomnia_clinician.pdf
August 01, 2017 - Outcome measures include:
�� Sleep outcome measures: These assess specific sleep
parameters (sleep-onset … time awake after sleep
onset, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency) or sleep quality.
�� Global outcome … The Insomnia Severity Index
(ISI) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) are
common global outcome … Evidence regarding their longer-term
efficacy and safety is limited or lacking.
�� Outcome reporting
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/traumatic-brain-injury-rehabilitation_executive.pdf
June 01, 2012 - We rated the
overall evidence for each outcome and comparison as high,
moderate, low, or insufficient … Effectiveness and Comparative
Effectiveness
Of the 16 eligible studies, 12 assessed a primary outcome … Participation as an outcome of traumatic brain injury
rehabilitation. … Outcome of
a comprehensive neurorehabilitation program for patients
with traumatic brain injury. … Recommendations for the
Use of Common Outcome Measures in Traumatic Brain Injury
Research.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/menopause_executive.pdf
March 01, 2015 - Data Synthesis and Analysis
For Key Question 1, trials employed a variety of
outcome instruments. … Approximately half specified some psychological symptom
as a primary outcome. … It is also difficult to evaluate potential selective outcome
reporting from the included trials. … For some of the outcomes reported, the outcome was stated
as primary in only half of the studies. … Summary of long-term effects of nonhormone therapy preparations
Outcome Risk Treatment vs.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/lung-cancer-nonsurgical-therapies_research-protocol.pdf
February 22, 2012 - Assessment
○ Identified primary outcome (see Analytical Frameworks and PICOTS above)
○ Identified … We will report
outcome data in strata according to prognostic or other patient-related factors such … ○ Were outcome measures clearly valid, reliable, and equally applied to treatment groups? … ○ Were outcome assessors blinded?
○ Was the length of followup adequate? … ○ Did the analysis of outcome data incorporate a method for handling confounders such as
statistical
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/c-difficile-update_research-protocol.pdf
December 23, 2014 - If an included systematic
review does not assess strength of evidence for each outcome, we will use … assessment,
incomplete outcome data (i.e., was incomplete outcome data adequately addressed),
selective … Were important
variables known to
impact the outcome(s)
assessed at baseline? … Are statistical
methods used to
assess the primary
outcome appropriate
to the data? … Is there
suggestion of
selective outcome
reporting?
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-function_research-protocol.pdf
June 13, 2013 - -ACS will be defined by a gold standard outcome [e.g., clinically diagnosed ACS
adjudicated by formal … Comparisons of interest for each Key Question
Key
Question
Outcome
Elevated troponin
level vs … • For Key Question 2a, the outcome is differences in
the effects of patient management strategies … measures, definitions, and the results of each outcome, including
measures of variability. … For Key Questions 1, 2, and 3, we will collect information on how the ACS outcome was
defined in the
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatitis-c-screening_research-protocol.pdf
October 20, 2011 - Key Questions and Population, Intervention, Comparator(s), Outcome(s), Timing and
Setting(s) [PICOTS … o KQ 6: “counseling and immunizations” to “counseling or immunizations”
Include additional outcome … missed
with different screening strategies
Include incidence of HCV infection as a clinical outcome … ascertainment if available, and results for each outcome. … Otherwise, indirect
comparisons will be considered if the outcome measures for nonintervention are
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ace-inhibitor-arb-2007_research-2007-1.pdf
January 01, 2007 - When the results from statistical testing were similar,
we present the outcome that we judged to be … Therefore, quantitative meta-analysis was performed for this outcome. … ARBs
Model Group by
Study design
Study name Outcome Time point Statistics for each study Std diff … The ideal outcome would disaggregate patients into four mutually exclusive and exhaustive
categories … GRADE balance sheet (continued)
Number of patients Effect based on pooling
Outcome
ACEI ARB
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/weight-gain-prevention_disposition-comments.pdf
March 25, 2013 - We downgraded the quality of interventions that did not report
an outcome assessor blinded to intervention … As discussed above (see Introduction), the
outcome (long-term weight gain) and relevant
interventions … Also, given the outcome, a fifth domain should be
added: duration of follow-up. … should this be a clinical outcome? … Agreed that mortality could be an adverse event or a clinical
outcome.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medication-therapy-management_executive.pdf
November 01, 2014 - Two reviewers assessed each
domain for each major outcome, and resolved any
differences by consensus … We rated the strength of evidence for each outcome from
studies with low or medium risk of bias when … The focus of outcome measurement in many studies was
the short-term identification and characterization … In fact, many studies were able to measure changes
in this outcome only in the intervention group. … The choice of
outcome measures in this body of evidence limited our
ability to come to conclusions
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/nppv-respiratory-failure_research-protocol.pdf
April 21, 2011 - Specifically, tolerability of NPPV
was added as an intermediate outcome, and descriptions of the NPPV … PICOTS (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, Timing, Setting)
Population(s):
Adults … These general criteria will be customized for each major outcome. … Grading the Evidence for Each Key Question
We will grade the strength of evidence for each outcome … PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood
PICOTS Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome