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421. Archived: Final Research Plan: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan97/breast-cancer-screening-january-2016
     July 17, 2014 - the effectiveness of routine mammography screening in reducing breast cancer–specific and all-cause mortality … the effectiveness of routine breast cancer screening in reducing breast cancer–specific and all-cause mortality … Outcomes Benefits KQs 1, 3: Reduced breast cancer mortality and all-cause mortality.

422. Recommendation: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lung-cancer-screening
     March 09, 2021 - For screening programs that provide this level of mortality benefit and also maximize, or come close … Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. … Reduced lung-cancer mortality with volume CT screening in a randomized trial. … Screening by chest radiograph and lung cancer mortality: the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian … Lung cancer incidence and mortality with extended follow-up in the National Lung Screening Trial.

423. Final Research Plan: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-pregnant-nonpregnant-adults
     February 22, 2024 - What are the benefits of screening for HIV in asymptomatic, nonpregnant adolescents and adults on mortality … adolescents and adults with chronic HIV regardless of CD4 count vs. treatment based on CD4 threshold on mortality … DOR/TAF/FTC † EFV/TAF or TDF/FTC or 3TC † RPV/TAF or TDF/FTC †   Outcomes KQs 1–4: Mortality

424. Kbjjfcap9Xvhkp43U-7B9Q (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KbJjfcaP9XvhkP43u-7b9q
     July 01, 2014 - (adefo- vir, nonpegylated interferon, lamivudine, or telbivudine) that reported clinical outcomes (mortality … , incident cirrhosis Fair 32 100 Positive 12 Incident cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, mortality … Fair 38 78 Positive NA� Incident cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, mortality Fair NR NR Negative … Fair Median, 43 85 Positive 33 Disease severity**, hepatocellular carcinoma, mortality Fair Median, … Antiviral treatment versus placebo or no treatment for mortality.

425. Archived: Comparative Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults: A Systematic Review: Hepatitis C: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/comparative-effectiveness-of-antiviral-treatment-for-hepatitis-c-virus-infection-in-adults-a-systematic-review/hepatitis-c-screening-2013
     November 15, 2012 - Clinical outcomes were mortality, cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, and need … Mortality curves began to separate as soon as 3 to 6 months after SVR assessment. … (adjusted hazard ratios, 0.07 to 0.39) 60 , 69 , 72 , 73 , 75-78 , liver-related mortality (adjusted … The rapid separation of mortality curves in this study suggests possible residual confounding, given … A sustained virologic response reduces risk of all-cause mortality in patients with hepatitis C.

426. Final Research Plan: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-in-adults-screening
     December 28, 2017 - Urinary tract infection, including cystitis and pyelonephritis Kidney failure Quality of life Mortality … preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, congenital malformations (birth defects) Maternal and fetal/infant mortality

427. Individualizing Cancer Screening in Older Adults - Figure 1 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/individualizing-cancer-screening-older-adults-figure-1
     October 01, 2012 - target condition, receiving treatment, and the resulting intermediate outcomes and reduced morbidity and mortality

428. Screening for HIV in Pregnant Women: Systematic Review to Update the 2005 USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/mTPBWPMDqfuWvodfd5R5Ms
     November 01, 2012 - of HIV screening versus no screening in asymptomatic pregnant women on maternal or child morbidity, mortality … effects of antiretroviral regimens in pregnant, HIV-positive women on long-term maternal morbidity, mortality … of HIV screening versus no screening in asymptomatic pregnant women on maternal or child morbidity, mortality … effects of antiretroviral regimens in pregnant, HIV-positive women on long-term maternal morbidity, mortality … Mor- bidity and mortality during the first two years of life among uninfected children born to human

429. Vitamin D With or Without Calcium Supplementation for Prevention of Cancer and Fractures: An Updated Meta-analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6L2obA88s86MoZDbWtMPTU
     December 01, 2011 - The hazard or risk ratios for the incidence and mortality of colorectal, breast, or total cancer ranged … Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and mortality in older men. … Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cancer mortality in the NHANES III study (1988- 2006). … Plasma vitamin D and mortality in older men: a community-based prospective cohort study. … Prospective study of serum vitamin D and cancer mortality in the United States.

430. Archived: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-use-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2002
     January 01, 2002 - Summary estimates showed no significant effects of aspirin on total mortality (OR, 0.93; 95 percent CI … Baseline risk for coronary heart disease over 5 years: 1% Total mortality … bleeding events **** : 2-4 caused Baseline risk for coronary heart disease over 5 years: 3% Total mortality … bleeding events **** : 2-4 caused Baseline risk for coronary heart disease over 5 years: 5% Total mortality

431. Archived: Evidence Summary: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-july-2014
     July 08, 2014 - rates less than 3%. … A relatively low perioperative stroke or death rate of less than 3% is required for CEA to have a reasonable … Carotid endarterectomy was performed with lower stroke and death rates than carotid artery stenting in … stroke/death rate from trials 6 3435 Rate 2.4 (1.7 to 3.1) 30 NA ‡ CAAS Perioperative … stroke/death rate from trials 2 6152 Rate 3.1 (2.7 to 3.6) 0.1 3.1 (2.2 to 3.7)

432. Use of Medications to Reduce Risk for Primary Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/7ZSKduUYHWKe7q_tTY9xbF
     April 01, 2013 - Neither reduced breast cancer–specific or all-cause mortality rates. … Breast cancer–specific (8, 24, 28, 31, 50) and all-cause mortality rates (6–8, 24, 28, 31) were not reduced … rate than that of those assigned to placebo in RUTH (RR, 1.49 [CI, 1.00 to 2.24]) (7). … Noninvasive breast cancer inci- dence and breast cancer–specific and all-cause mortality rates were not … rates in women with breast cancer after 10 versus 5 years of adjuvant therapy (106).

433. Update on Methods: Insufficient Evidence - Table 2 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/update-on-methods-insufficient-evidence---table-2
     February 01, 2009 - from minor (e.g., anxiety associated with further testing after positive screen) to major morbidity or mortality

434. Update on Methods: Insufficient Evidence - Table 4 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/update-on-methods-insufficient-evidence---table-4
     February 01, 2009 - screening program that incorporates the option of CT colonography could help reduce colorectal cancer mortality

435. Screening for HIV Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/efwy72cuMdhcF2jotkhTzC
     March 29, 2019 - Effects on other outcomes (including all-cause mortality; AIDS- related mortality; and a composite outcome … statistically significant.28 The START trial found decreased risk of a composite end point of all-cause mortality … initiation at CD4 cell counts greater than 500/mL3 was associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality … initiation of ART at CD4 cell counts greater than 500/mL3 was associated with lower probability of mortality … Antiretroviral drug-related liver mortality among HIV-positive persons in the absence of hepatitis B

436. Archived: Final Research Plan: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan34/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling-september-2014
     May 15, 2013 - sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may result in reduced incidence of STIs and related morbidity and mortality … sexual behaviors reduce sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence and/or related morbidity and mortality … Health outcomes STI incidence (testing and self-report) STI-related morbidity and mortality

437. Archived: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors-2009
     October 15, 2009 - For this review, the USPSTF addressed the health benefits, including reduction in CHD events, CHD mortality … , and overall mortality, of applying nontraditional risk factors to those identified as intermediate-risk … CAC Score on EBCT Statins have not been shown to decrease mortality in patients screened and found … Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality … Two-hour glucose is a better risk predictor for incident coronary heart disease and cardiovascular mortality

438. Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for CVD Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/oo3XPmknWkhsBbAuYZQyQw
     November 24, 2020 - national guidelines for a healthy diet2 and physical activity3 have lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality … national guidelines for a healthy diet and physical activity have lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality … • Behavioral weight loss interventions to prevent obesity-related morbidity and mortality in adults … Eighteen trials of medium- to high-intensity interventions reported on all-cause mortality. … Behavioral weight loss interventions to prevent obesity-related morbidity and mortality in adults: US

439. Archived: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/healthful-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-in-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling-july-2017
     July 11, 2017 - guidelines for a healthful diet and physical activity have lower rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality … guidelines for a healthful diet and physical activity have lower rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality … All of the included studies reported at least 1 health outcome (ie, morbidity or mortality), intermediate … Few deaths occurred in these trials, and no significant effect was seen in all-cause or CVD-related mortality … Healthy lifestyle behaviors and all-cause mortality among adults in the United States.

440. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Obesity in Adults: Screening and Management | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary38/obesity-in-adults-screening-and-management-2012
     October 15, 2011 - Body-mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of U.S. adults. … Intentional weight loss and mortality among overweight individuals with diabetes. … Substantial intentional weight loss and mortality in the severely obese. … health outcomes Behaviorally based interventions      Death 2 Good No differences in death … rate, but small number of deaths limits conclusions      CVD 4 Fair to good No differences