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401. Draft Research Plan: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/sexually-transmitted-infections
     January 16, 2025 - protective sexual behaviors, or both, reduce sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or related morbidity and mortality … Outcomes KQ 1 (Health outcomes) : STI incidence (based on testing/biologic confirmation) Mortality … STI-related health outcomes, including cancers, reproductive complications, perinatal or neonatal morbidity/mortality

402. Evidence Summary: Weight Loss to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: Behavioral Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/obesity-in-adults-interventions
     September 18, 2018 - Age and race impact the association between BMI and CVD mortality in women. … Are Asians at greater mortality risks for being overweight than Caucasians? … Body-mass index and mortality risk in U.S. blacks compared to whites. … Body-mass index and mortality among 1.46 million white adults. … Body-mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of U.S. adults.

403. Draft Research Plan: Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/asymptomatic-carotid-artery-stenosis-screening
     August 15, 2019 - CAAS Outcomes KQs 1, 3: CAS-related stroke, mortality, quality of life, functional status KQ 2: … subsequent confirmatory testing (i.e., angiography) KQ 4: Perioperative complications (e.g., stroke, mortality

404. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Summary (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/qSyg242Cz-X9DDwZg6GEhP
     October 07, 2008 - sensitivity FOBT, sigmoidoscopy with FOBT, and colonoscopy are effective in decreasing colorectal cancer mortality … The likelihood that detection and early intervention will yield a mortality benefit declines after

405. Use of Decision Models in the Development of Evidence-Based Clinical Preventive Services Recommendations | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/use-decision-models-development-evidence-based-clinical-preventive-services-recommendations
     May 01, 2019 - , total mortality, or quality of life ( Figure 1 ),  step 1 ). … Aspirin Use in Adults: Cancer, All-Cause Mortality, and Harms. … Is there direct evidence that screening reduces morbidity and/or mortality? 2. … Is the intermediate outcome reliably associated with reduced morbidity and/or mortality? 7. … Estimated Lung Cancer Mortality Reduction From Annual CT Screening Estimated lung cancer mortality

406. USPSTF Clinician Summary of USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/sDqbgrKcUkE2J9uCJnH_q7
     September 01, 2023 - Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality … Black persons experience higher rates of maternal and infant morbidity and perinatal mortality than

407. ahrq12a_Summary_HBP.qxd (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BXkaHRFGjwUCoyANeMSuTz
     January 01, 2010 - Results Key Question 1: Does Screening for Hypertension Reduce Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality? … , or total mortality. … (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.71 to 0.96), and total mortality (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.78 to 0.98). … Hypertension is an important contributor to CVD morbidity and mortality. … Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual

408. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/JcwfLrEqaaxP6DPEQvxgUs
     February 18, 2020 - Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, accounting … Use of low- or moderate-dose statins was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality (pooled … risk ra- tio [RR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.93]), cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.94] … or all-cause mortality in asymptomatic adults without a history of CVD events; whether the benefits … Total cholesterol and risk of mortality in the oldest old. Lancet. 1997;350(9085):1119-1123. 29.

409. Archived: Rh(D) Incompatibility: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/rhd-incompatibility-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - reported. 10 Even before the introduction of prophylaxis, however, a decline in fetal and neonatal mortality … from D hemolytic disease was occurring due to declines in both incidence and case fatality rates. … the incidence of D hemolytic disease increases with increasing birth order. 11 Since the 1940s, the case … fatality rate has fallen from about 50% to 2-6%. 8 , 9 This decline can be attributed in part to the … rates of 0.5-1%. 23 , 51 , 52 DNA amplification in amniotic cells and chorionic villus samples appears

410. Archived: Evidence Summary: Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2) in Adults: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/diabetes-mellitus-type-2-in-adults-screening-2003
     February 03, 2003 - Four percent of participants or fewer were lost to follow-up for mortality end points. … rates. 138 The RCTs of interventions cited in this review include predominantly white patients. … Is there a glycemic threshold for mortality risk? Diabetes Care . 1999;22:696-9. … Mortality and selected nonfatal events with insulin treatment. JAMA . 1978;240:37-42. … Aspirin effects on mortality and morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus.

411. Recommendation: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
     November 15, 2022 - Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality. … as AHI ≥15) was 13% for men and 6% for women. 1 Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality … ; however, 28 of these trials reported mortality rates at 12 weeks or less, and 25 of these trials reported … Four trials reported on mortality; however, the duration of reporting was short (1 to 12 weeks) and only … There is inadequate evidence on the effect of treatment of OSA on other health outcomes such as mortality

412. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DxeDM5ywg2J7SwKmETXfbX
     May 01, 2021 - defined as AHI �15) was 13% for men and 6% for women.1 Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality … Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality. … Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality. … ; however, 28 of these trials reported mortality rates at 12 weeks or less, and 25 of these trials reported … Four trials reported on mortality; how- ever, the duration of reporting was short (1 to 12 weeks) and

413. Screening for Skin Cancer: Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/j-FyHoTDHNJu_qmotFzJq3
     February 15, 2001 - Evidence is lacking that skin examination by clinicians is effective in reducing mortality or morbidity … young people, the elderly (especially elderly men) bear a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality … It is not known if this stage shift leads to decreased morbidity or mortality. … Even without formal screening programs, mortality from basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma is low … compared to mortality from melanoma, but early de- tection and treatment may reduce morbidity and dis

414. Draft Research Plan: Tobacco Cessation in Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/tobacco-cessation-adults-interventions
     February 27, 2025 - on study sample but on underlying population) Outcomes KQ 1 (health outcomes): All-cause mortality … Tobacco-related mortality Tobacco-related morbidity (including but not limited to cancer, asthma … cardiovascular disease, chronic bronchitis, or other respiratory disorders) Maternal and perinatal morbidity/mortality

415. Screening for Prostate Cancer: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/zxXWqacXvfKPyQB9LCrZjX
     August 01, 2008 - an average life expectancy of about 10 years, very few men age 75 years or older would experience a mortality … rate than white men (217.5 vs. 134.5 cases per 100 000 men) and more than twice the prostate cancer mortality … rate of white men (56.1 vs. 23.4 deaths per 100 000 men) (9). … for prostate cancer using PSA and digital rectal examination found no reduction in prostate cancer mortality … An RCT of 695 men with localized prostate cancer reported a small absolute reduction in all-cause mortality

416. Draft Research Plan: Impaired Visual Acuity and Glaucoma in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/impaired-visual-acuity-glaucoma-in-adults-screening
     February 13, 2020 - effects of vision screening in asymptomatic older adults vs. no screening on visual acuity, morbidity or mortality … wet or dry age-related macular degeneration vs. placebo or no treatment on visual acuity, morbidity, mortality … brolucizumab-dbll vs. other vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors on visual acuity, morbidity, mortality … functional capacity, including ability to drive and driving outcomes; other measures of morbidity; mortality

417. Draft Research Plan: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/osteoporosis-screening-prevent-fractures
     August 12, 2021 - Does screening for fracture risk or osteoporosis reduce fractures and fracture-related morbidity and mortality … Administration (FDA)–approved medications on fracture incidence and fracture-related morbidity and mortality … interventions (e.g., exercise) Outcomes KQs 1, 4 (Screening and treatment benefits): All-cause mortality … Fracture-related mortality Fractures (all-cause, hip, major osteoporotic fractures * , clinical

418. Archived: Risk Factors and Other Epidemiologic Considerations for Cervical Cancer Screening: A Narrative Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/risk-factors-and-other-epidemiologic-considerations-for-cervical-cancer-screening-a-narrative-review-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/cervical-cancer-screening-2012
     October 15, 2011 - The incidence of, and mortality rates from, cervical cancer and the proportion of U.S. women aged 65 … rates from cervical cancer in the United States have decreased by more than 50% between 1975 and 2008 … Incidence and mortality rates for cervical cancer also vary by race and ethnicity 76 . … In 2007, the mortality rate from cervical cancer was almost twice as high for black women as white women … Figure 3 displays the age-adjusted incidence and death rates of invasive cervical cancer in the United

419. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review46/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening-2004
     February 15, 2004 - screening, pregnancy, infants, neonate, asymptomatic, immunization, general, high, risk, morbidity, mortality … infection, or that universal screening and immunizing infants and children, can reduce the morbidity and mortality … whether early screening and detection of HBV infection in the general population reduce the morbidity and mortality … Many will go on to develop progressive liver disease, with significant morbidity and mortality associated

420. Overview of Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Models: A Contextual Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vTHBrY6VuqjoouJvUmtkr4
     May 01, 2018 - In addition, a model simulation of the ERSPC projected a 28% reduction in prostate cancer mortality … This modeling study suggested that 1) screening reduced the risk of prostate cancer mortality by 16% … Prostate cancer mortality following active surveillance versus immediate radical prostatectomy. … Reconciling the effects of screening on prostate cancer mortality in the ERSPC and PLCO trials. … Lines connect projections under the same mortality reduction.