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41. AHRQ CDSiC Project Summary March 2025 (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-03/CDSiC%20Project%20Summary_1.31.25_508c.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - of Patient Preference Measurement Tools for PC CDS and Report * PROTOTYPES • Quartz App to Support Medication

42. Patient Prioritization of Measurement Areas for Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2024-07/Final%20MO%20Patient%20Prioritization%20of%20Measurement%20Areas%207.18.24.pdf
    January 01, 2024 - ] that prevent the patient from adhering… things like family interactions, transportation, cost of medication … having trouble paying their rent, or they’re having trouble buying medications don’t recommend a $400 medication … and clinical guidelines often focuses on desirable behaviors clinicians would like to see, such as medication … patients follow the care plan established with their doctor or other healthcare providers (e.g. taking medication … Timeliness If a patient was able to get appointments, medication, or care when they needed it.

43. Exploring How Artificial Intelligence (AI) Can Enhance Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support | CDSiC
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/cdsic/AI-viewpoint
    February 25, 2025 - Quartz is a prototype text-based app to help patients improve medication adherence. … chatbot technology to gather information from patients about their adherence to a prescribed hypertension medication

44. Scaling, Measurement, and Dissemination Workgroup: (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2023-09/SMD%20PC%20CDS%20Performance%20Measurement%20Inventory%20User%20Guide_FINAL_9.19.23.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - 91 The most studied decision support tools were clinician-facing alerts, with an emphasis on medication … For example, the number of adverse drug events (ADEs),4 medication prescribing error rates,58 and duplicate … The usability aspects of medication-related decision support systems in the inpatient setting: A systematic … Assessment of a best practice alert and referral process for preprocedure antithrombotic medication … Effects of computerized physician order entry and clinical decision support systems on medication safety

45. CDSiC Project Summary (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-09/CDSiC%20Project%20Summary_09.09.25.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - ahrq.hhs.gov AHRQ Publication No. 25-0084 September 2025 www.ahrq.gov PROTOTYPES • Quartz App to Support Medication

46. Implementation, Adoption, and Scaling Workgroup: Key Factors and Considerations for Assessing the Value of Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2024-10/IAS_Key%20Factors%20and%20Considerations%20for%20Assessing%20the%20Value%20of%20PC%20CDS.pdf
    January 01, 2024 - To estimate the impact of a medication management CDS intervention designed to improve adherence to … designed to reduce adverse events by alerting clinicians to the severity of starting or stopping a medication … example, one study team assessed the 10-year net cost savings of a hospital-wide CPOE system to reduce medication … Error quantification refers to preventable patient safety events, such as medication errors, adverse … The national cost of adverse drug events resulting from inappropriate medication-related alert overrides

47. Measurement and Outcomes Workgroup: Inventory of Patient Preference Measurement Tools for PC CDS Report (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-03/Final_MO_Patient%20Preference%20Report_6.7.24.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - For example, a patient can express communication preferences for PC CDS designed to support medication … adherence, which can then inform how often they are reminded to take their medication. … surgically; management and care to cure, ameliorate, or slow progression of a medical condition, e.g., medication … Outcome prioritization tool for medication review in older patients with multimorbidity: a pilot study

48. Trust and Patient-Centeredness Workgroup: Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Generative Artificial Intelligence in Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2024-07/OY1_FINAL%20TPC%20Patient%20Perspectives%20Generative%20AI.pdf
    January 01, 2024 - Example 2: AI-Based Intervention to Support Medication Adherence To help patients remember to take … AI-based application automatically sends check-in messages to patients who were recently prescribed a new medication … The application sends medication reminders and generates questions about any new symptoms. … They seemed open to using AI tools for simpler healthcare situations, such as medication reminders or

49. Approaches to Standardizing Override Reasons for Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-09/508_SRF%20Level%202%20Override%20Taxonomy%20Implementation%208.28.25.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - e.g., “order Apixaban”) and incorporating several user override reasons (e.g., “contraindication”, “medication … approach or treatment Patient prefers alternative Patient prefers ___ (alternative, e.g., surgery, medication … covered by insurance Not covered by insurance Too expensive for patient High out-of-pocket cost Medication … recommendation-cost", "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/CodeSystem/override- reasons", "display": "Medication … Order Apixaban Accept Contraindication: GI bleeding Medication is expensive Reject: Other

50. Charting a Path for Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support: Key Themes from the 2024 Clinical Decision Support Innovation Collaborative Annual Meeting | CDSiC
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/cdsic/2024-annual-meeting-viewpoint
    September 18, 2024 - Quartz is a medication adherence app leveraging chatbot technology and large language models, while PAIGE

51. Standards and Regulatory Frameworks Workgroup: Improving Interoperability of Patient Apps With the Health IT Ecosystem (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2023-08/CDSiC%20App%20Interoperability%20Report_508.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - telehealth, and CDS.2 Broadly, apps that provide CDS may include guidance to verify if lab tests and medication … orders are appropriate, guidance for medication dosing, feedback on biometric measures, and alerts … data that can be used in clinical decision making through features such as symptom, biometric, and medication … Each Resource corresponds to a type of healthcare data, such as patient, clinician, medication, or insurance … The tool is triggered by medication order in the EHR, which triggers a “medication-prescribe” CDS Hook

52. How Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Can Strengthen Shared Decision Making (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-07/CDSiC%20Topic%20Highlight_PC%20CDS%20and%20SDM_508_0.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - patients taking an opioid, PainManager also helps clinicians calculate safe and appropriate changes to medication

53. Implementation, Adoption, and Scaling Workgroup: Exploring Challenges and Opportunities for Patient Engagement, Implementation, Adoption, and Scaling Through PC CDS Case Studies (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2024-09/Final%20IAS%20PC%20CDS%20Case%20Studies%20Report_2.pdf
    January 01, 2024 - These projects span various clinical areas, including chronic disease management, medication safety, … The project also noted issues with the currency of medication data curated by national drug standards … Finally, one project recommended the creation of standardized vocabulary around directions for medication … attributable to several factors including poor healthcare access, lack of knowledge about proper medication … use, and challenges patients face following medication regimens.

54. Measuring Patient Experience of Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-09/Final%20508_Measuring%20Patient%20Experience%20of%20PC%20CDS_0.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - charts or visuals), and providing personalized information related to condition management (e.g., medication … role for PC CDS to support self-management using patient portals, which allow patients to request medication … a) Starting, changing, or stopping my medication(s) b) Choosing which medical tests I should receive … For example, preference about taking an oral medication instead of an injection, being treated in a … For example, decisions to select a treatment or medication or make lifestyle changes to improve my health

55. Standards and Regulatory Frameworks Workgroup: Advancing Standardized Representations for Patient Preferences to Support Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-03/SRF%20Standards%20for%20Patient%20Preferences.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - information from the EHR and prompts clinicians to ask patients how they prefer to treat their pain (medication … vs. non-medication), and what type of pain medication they prefer (oral NSAIDs vs. other medication … Users can also choose to receive notifications when it is time to take a medication or if there are … management and care to prevent, cure, ameliorate, or slow progression of a medical condition, e.g., medication

56. Outcomes and Objectives Workgroup: Integration of Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Into Shared Decision Making (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2023-09/FINAL%20OO%20PC%20CDS%20SDM%20Report.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - cardiovascular disease based on patient characteristics (medical history, blood sugar, cholesterol, weight, medication … clinical data from the EHR and prompts clinicians to collect patient preferences about pain treatment (medication … vs. nonmedication) and medication type (oral NSAIDs vs. … other medication).

57. Trust & Patient-Centeredness Workgroup: Improving the Source Credibility of Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Tools (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2023-08/Final%20TPC%20P3_Source%20Credibility%20to%20AHRQ%208.2.23_508c%20Version.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - that suggestion by referencing guidelines published by the manufacturer of that diabetic device or medication … evidence-based guidance for two patients with the same demographics, laboratory results for HbA1c, medication … However, if this patient adheres to a vegan diet, they may instead need to pursue a medication-supported … statin if family members reported (in contrast to the evidence) seeing no clinical benefit from the medication … Medication safety alert fatigue may be reduced via interaction design and clinical role tailoring: a

58. PAIGE Chatbot For Patient-Clinician Communication: (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2024-09/PAIGE%20Assessment%20Report_Public%20Version.pdf
    January 01, 2024 - To help your physician understand your current medication routine, can you confirm if you are taking … PAIGE: Thank you for sharing your medication list and health conditions. … Doctor, I started taking Arikayce last week for my MAC infection, and two days after starting the medication

59. Making Patient Apps Interoperable With the Health IT Ecosystem (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2025-06/SRF%20Topic%20Highlight%20Patient%20App%20Interoperability.pdf
    January 01, 2025 - external services to be triggered based on pre-set clinical events (e.g., when a clinician prescribes a medication

60. AHRQ Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Dashboard Overview (pdf file)
    cdsic.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/2023-10/CDSiC%20Innovation%20Core-PRO%20Dashboards%20Overview%20Revised_Small_1.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - they’re primarily making referrals to behavioral health or prescribing a low dose of escitalopram medication