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  1. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/U3AGfV3Md5etC6ka97xtZR
    April 12, 2017 - Screening for Skin Cancer Figure. Screening for Preeclampsia: Clinical Summary Population Pregnant women without a known diagnosis of preeclampsia or hypertension Recommendation Screen for preeclampsia with blood pressure measurements throughout pregnancy. Grade: B Risk Assessment All pregna…
  2. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary26/tobacco-use-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions
    December 11, 2012 - Interventions and measures were heterogeneous. Most trials examined only cigarette smoking. … according to smoking status, whether there was a group component or motivational interviewing, the measure … The definition of what constituted a smoker at baseline and the primary outcome measure differed among … First, there were inconsistent measures of baseline smoking status and outcome measures. … (0.49–7.32) Stevens et al, 2002 36 ‡ 3070 12 Ever smoked (specific measure
  3. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary26/tobacco-use-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions-2013
    December 11, 2012 - Interventions and measures were heterogeneous. Most trials examined only cigarette smoking. … according to smoking status, whether there was a group component or motivational interviewing, the measure … The definition of what constituted a smoker at baseline and the primary outcome measure differed among … First, there were inconsistent measures of baseline smoking status and outcome measures. … (0.49–7.32) Stevens et al, 2002 36 ‡ 3070 12 Ever smoked (specific measure
  4. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/jtjcNqH_F2efpNpVJ8tbZq
    February 21, 2023 - adulthood. 2 In the absence of evidence, healthcare professionals should use their judgment whether to measure … recommendation for or against screening. 2 screening for lipid disorders A blood test is used to measure
  5. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-viii-standardization-outcome-tables
    July 01, 2017 - Outcome measures (harms and benefits): Deaths (where relevant).
  6. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4BpSYQnx9MYzmKJSWQxrbC
    April 13, 2021 - estimates are based on total 25(OH)D levels, and controversy remains about whether this is the best measure … is currently considered the best marker of vitamin D status.4,19 A variety of assays can be used to measure … Serum total 25(OH)D levels are difficult to measure ac- curately, and different immunoassays can lead … Both reported no significant difference in depression measures between vitamin D treatment and placebo … .42,43 Two trials report- ing on physical functioning measures reported conflicting results.44,45 An
  7. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/T6auAz-64DpreTqycmvSJr
    January 01, 2001 - KQ5: Measures of academic skills or achievement (e.g., early literacy skills), parental/caregiver … is typically derived from RCTs of the targeted screening or preventive intervention that adequately measure
  8. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Vc8SLesU493dFQmMKadxGL
    December 01, 2003 - techniques, such as bioelectrical impedance, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and total body water can measure … Clinicians may use the waist circumference as a measure of central adiposity. … The BMI is easy to measure, highly reliable, and highly correlated with percentage of body fat 4 … Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. … Body mass index as a measure of body fatness in the elderly.
  9. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cvd-prevention-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling
    February 20, 2020 - myocardial infarction, or heart failure) Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality Quality of life measures … prospective and retrospective cohort studies, before-after studies, interrupted time series studies, repeated measures
  10. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cvd-prevention-adults-without-cvd-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling
    February 20, 2020 - myocardial infarction, or heart failure) Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality Quality of life measures … prospective and retrospective cohort studies, before-after studies, interrupted time series studies, repeated measures
  11. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling
    February 20, 2020 - myocardial infarction, or heart failure) Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality Quality of life measures … prospective and retrospective cohort studies, before-after studies, interrupted time series studies, repeated measures
  12. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/g-b8KbTXYe2vnW2zJKGoPU
    April 01, 2015 - After 3 to 12 months, Bayley Scales of Infant Development scores were not significantly different in … Ten trials assessing iron supplementation in children reported inconsistent findings for hematologic measures … development.26,28 One trial of children potentially at higher risk for IDA used the Griffiths scale to measure … Based on this evidence, benefits were shown only for some iron status measures in the short term. … The Bayley-III cognitive and language scales: how do scores relate to the Bayley II?
  13. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/osteoporosis-screening-2002
    September 17, 2002 - reporting radiographically verified, nontraumatic fracture outcomes, because fractures are a stronger measure … caffeine; not walking for exercise; lack of ambulation; inability to rise from a chair; poor scores on two measures … Bone Density Tests Several technologies are available to measure bone density, 55-58 although correlations … risk is determined not only by bone density, but also by bone characteristics that are difficult to measure … Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures
  14. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/JEpnfupw_kyd7Nhaf-to62
    October 11, 2022 - varied by outcome measure), response (pooled relative risk [RR], 1.89 [95% CI, 1.17 to 3.05]; n = 606 … instruments, clinical response, or remission; all-cause mortality; quality of life measured using validated scales … or instruments; and functioning measured by validated scales, missed days of school, or sleep-related … Brief measures to screen for social phobia in primary care pediatrics. … Brief measures to screen for social anxiety in adolescents.
  15. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/blood-pressure-in-children-and-adolescents-hypertension-screening
    November 10, 2020 - Main Outcomes and Measures: Sensitivity, specificity, and measures of association between childhood … childhood and adulthood blood pressure ( Table 2 ). 17 , 18 , 24-27 , 30 Studies reported different measures … definitions of childhood and adulthood hypertension, the underlying prevalence of hypertension, and outcome measures … evidence limitations: moderate Reporting bias: not detected Low for diagnostic test accuracy measures
  16. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary6/osteoporosis-screening-2011
    July 06, 2010 - We did not include internally validated measures (imputation methods or cross-validation). … ‡ Per SD reduction in BMD or QUS measure, adjusted for age, weight, and clinic center. … § Per SD reduction in BMD or QUS measure, adjusted for age and clinic. … b Per SD reduction in BMD or QUS measure. ** Per SD reduction in QUS measure, adjusted for age, previous … ‡ Per SD reduction in BMD or QUS measure, adjusted for age, weight, and clinic center.
  17. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/perinatal-depression-preventive-interventions
    February 12, 2019 - Main Outcomes and Measures: Depression status; depression symptoms; maternal, infant, and child health … all reported continuous measures of depressive symptoms, with mixed findings. … For example, 4 trials 42 , 46-48 reported a measure of stress, but most did not show statistically or … Sorted by Follow-Up Time Weights … Sorted by Follow-Up Time Weights
  18. Cancer Older Adults (pdf file)

    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/cancer_older_adults.pdf
    September 28, 2012 - Measures of func- tional status and health-related quality of life (HRQL) need to be included in trials … Preference-based HRQL measures use a conven- tional scale, with dead (the lack of health status)=0.00 … Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) estimated using preference-based measures are a prominent method … are good measures in older adults can be found in a companion article (Feeny DH, Eckstrom EN, Whitlock … Outcomes Assessment in Cancer: Measures, Methods, and Applications.
  19. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2kM7LY6ccceVo8bmdUXhYm
    September 01, 2002 - reporting radiographically verified, nontraumatic fracture outcomes, because fractures are a stronger measure … caffeine; not walking for exercise; lack of ambulation; inability to rise from a chair; poor scores on 2 measures … Bone Density Tests Several technologies are available to measure bone density,55-58 although correlations … risk is determined not only by bone density, but also by bone characteristics that are difficult to measure … Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures
  20. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Z6Rfj-qwfoMbuLp-hBmhzS
    May 01, 2021 - The mean or median baseline AHI (or similar measure) for most trials was in the severe OSA range (AHI … Results shown as a mean difference in scores for each sleep-related QOL measure are provided in eFigure … Summary of Pooled Findings from Positive Airway Pressure Treatment Studies Outcome measure No. of trials … control group.132 General Health–Related and Sleep-Related QOL | Six RCTs reported on at least 1 QOL measure … its construct validity (ie, authors have expressed uncertainty regarding whether it is an accurate measure

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