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81. OUTLINE (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-end-of-life-measures-framework_research.pdf
    April 01, 2010 - A quality indicator or quality measure is an agreed-upon process or outcome measure that is used to … That is, the first step identifies who to measure, steps 2-4 identify what to measure, and step 5 assesses … This will require determining appropriate weights for individual components, as well as considering … Cancer care quality measures: symptoms and end-of-life care. … Outcomes assessment in cancer: Measures, methods, and applications.

82. Effective Health Care (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND_0398_06-17-2008.pdf
    January 01, 2008 - What are the benefits and associated costs of using hematologic measures such as percentage of hypochromic … erythrocytes or reticulocyte hemoglobin content in relation to other measures of iron metabolic status … What are the benefits and associated costs of using hematologic measures such as percentage of hypochromic … erythrocytes or reticulocyte hemoglobin content in relation to other measures of iron metabolic status … What is the most effective interval in which to measure markers of iron metabolic status to achieve

83. 13-MDM347013 30..38 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/outcomes-testing-evaluation_research.pdf
    January 01, 2009 - Existing testing trials and studies do not always have a health outcome as the primary outcome measure … Researchers sometimes focus on an outcome measure for which they hope to demonstrate a benefit, such … on patients, beyond the primary clinical outcome measures. … one feels that testing may lead to clinically relevant anxiety, 7 one of the existing anxiety scales … These scales are probably not sensitive enough to detect more subtle changes, which could help to explain

84. 13-MDM347013 30..38 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/whitepaper4-bossuyt02262010-2.pdf
    January 01, 2009 - Existing testing trials and studies do not always have a health outcome as the primary outcome measure … Researchers sometimes focus on an outcome measure for which they hope to demonstrate a benefit, such … on patients, beyond the primary clinical outcome measures. … one feels that testing may lead to clinically relevant anxiety, 7 one of the existing anxiety scales … These scales are probably not sensitive enough to detect more subtle changes, which could help to explain

85. Fecal-Incontinence Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/fecal-incontinence_research-protocol.pdf
    November 30, 2014 - measures, a lack of measures for some patient-important outcomes (such as urgency), limited long-term … Outcomes measurement issues inherent in the psychometric properties of the questionnaires used to measure … whether or not the measure provides a composite or subscale scores.28,30,31,33 • FI episode counts … Yes Valid measures, groups ~ equivalent No Nonvalidated measures or nonequivalent groups Uncertain … Yes Measures were valid and reliable (i.e., objective measure, validated scale/tool); consistent across

86. Disposition of Comments_Systematic Review_Trauma Informed Care: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-informed-care-disposition-comments.pdf
    January 14, 2025 - workers serving children to have a better understanding of the elements of TIC and for studies to measure … We appreciate that identifying measures may be complex given the variability in traumatic experiences … A clear definition of short-term vs long term outcome measures is needed. … complexity with TIC approaches reviewed involves insufficient instruments to operationalize and measure … complexity with TIC approaches reviewed involves insufficient instruments to operationalize and measure

87. Amended Protocol: Interventions for Breathlessness in Patients with Advanced Cancer (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/dyspnea-protocol-amended.pdf
    May 19, 2020 - This tool must include patient-or caregiver-reported measures of anxiety. … rate • Oxygen or carbon dioxide/ bicarbonate levels • Heart rate • Blood pressure • Objective measure … Which measurement scales should we use to measure breathlessness in palliative care? … Observational scales are used for patients unable to self-report and are validated against self-report … For the purposes of this report focusing on breathlessness, we wanted to focus on an objective measure

88. Evidence Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 255: Transitions of Care From Pediatric to Adult Services for Children With Special Healthcare Needs (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-255-transitions-care-pediatric-to-adult-services-evidence-summary.pdf
    May 01, 2022 - exists for effective transition of care from pediatric to adult services for CSHCN, nor is a single measure … or set of measures consistently used to evaluate effectiveness of transitions of care … Further, this review discusses definitions and measures for effective healthcare transition for CSHCN … Studies also used a diverse set of outcome measures to evaluate intervention effects. … Similarly, no single measure or set of measures is used in this body of research.

89. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/sleep-apnea_research-protocol.pdf
    March 15, 2010 - Subjective (e.g., Epworth sleepiness scales); only validated measures ii. … General symptom scales (e.g., diagnostic screening questionnaires); only validated measures d. … Psychological function scales; only validated measures e. … Cognitive or Executive function scales; only validated measures f. … Physical function scales; only validated measures g.

90. Executive Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 269: Respectful Maternity Care (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-269-respectful-maternity-care-summary.pdf
    January 01, 2024 - the urgent need to implement RMC, goals for RMC must include further testing of reliable performance measures … from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) to inform the CQ to describe RMC, or apply various measures … This review was limited to the intrapartum and postpartum periods, and some of the measures were not … Before widespread implementation of tools to measure RMC, further testing of current measures and a … Box A) to help bridge the gap between RMC conceptual models, theoretical frameworks, and validated measures

91. Glasgow Coma Scale for Field Triage of Trauma: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/field-triage-glascow_executive.pdf
    January 01, 2017 - , and for Key Question 1a (predictive utility) we included studies that assessed one of these scales … the tGCS is associated with slightly better predictive utility than the mGCS, based on the AUROC, a measure … For patients who are intoxicated or intubated, studies that measure how frequently the tGCS reverts … the Glasgow Coma Scale (mGCS) to the prehospital total GCS (tGCS) as a prehospital risk adjustment measure … A comparison of five simplified scales to the out-of-hospital Glasgow Coma Scale for the prediction of

92. Evidence Map on Home and Community Based Services (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/evidence-map-hcbs-protocol.pdf
    July 27, 2023 - Although many quality and outcome measures that have been studied, there is a general lack of consensus … Potential outcome measures include quality of life, functional independence, general satisfaction of … What quality measures related to person-centered HCBS interventions exist or are under development ( … Which patient populations and outcome measures have no or inadequate evidence? c. … Do you know of any commonly used quality measures or quality measures under development? 7.

93. A Framework for Assessing Quality Indicators for Cancer Care at the End-of-Life | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/cancer-end-of-life-measures-framework/research

94. Long-Term-Care-Adults Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/long-term-care-adults_executive.pdf
    November 01, 2012 - Outcome measures and data collection varied across studies. … and scales • Method of ascertainment and timing often varied for measures across settings • Details … • Outcome measures were not always similar across settings or studies • Use standardized measures. … Choose those most capable of showing meaningful change and measure at appropriate intervals Rates … address (continued) Methodological Issues Findings Research Needs Other outcomes • Studies did not measure

95. Testing Cancer Quality Measures for End-of-Life Care | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/cancer-end-of-life-quality-meaures/research

96. EHC Protocol: Making Healthcare Safer IV: Deprescribing to Reduce Medication Harms in Older Adults (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/deprescribing-protocol.pdf
    July 01, 2023 - What patient safety measures or indicators have been used to examine the harm associated with polypharmacy … for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) patient safety measures, AHRQ’s Patient Safety Indicators, … or the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) patient safety related measures. … (e.g., reduction of polypharmacy or PIMs; total medication count) Clinical outcome measures … (e.g., barriers, facilitators, resources [cost, staff, time]) Measures of only patient knowledge

97. pneumonia-antibiotic-treatment-protocol-130718 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/pneumonia-antibiotic-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
    July 19, 2013 - Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol Project Title: Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Measures … This review will not address aerosolized antibiotics and antifungals because PK/PD measures are not …  Different targets of PK/PD measures  Usual care (e.g., physician discretion or judgment, local … sufficient data are available, meta-analyses and results will be stratified by (1) method of PK/PD measure … Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measures.

98. Template for Draft Reports (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/long-term-care-adults-future_research.pdf
    July 01, 2013 - What standardized outcome measures should be used for HCBS and NH recipients that fully measure benefits … What quality-of-life measures and disease-specific measures should be used to capture an individual … What quality-of-life measures and disease specific measures should be used to capture an individual's … o Measure outcomes at appropriate and comparable intervals of time. … What standardized outcome measures should be used for HCBS and NH recipients that fully measure benefits

99. Phenylketonuria Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/phenylketonuria_executive.pdf
    February 01, 2012 - in study) • Did not provide Phe level and IQ data for each participant or mean/median levels plus measure … (as specified in study) • Did not provide Phe data for each participant or mean/median levels plus measure … deviation) • Did not provide executive function data for each participant or mean/median data plus measure … Currently, findings on the association of Phe levels and any specific measure of executive function … Registries have been established and will provide important data, as will ongoing studies that measure

100. Ch 10-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_10-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - Instrumental variables, which are measures that are causally related to exposure but only affect the … Repeated measures per study subject can be collapsed to a single summary measure per subject. … Summary of modeling approaches as a function of structure of outcome measure and followup assessments … Number of Followup Measures and Time Intervals Outcome Measure Single Measure Repeated Measure, … and nature of the followup measures or assessments.