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181. pneumonia-antibiotic-treatment-protocol-130718 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/pneumonia-antibiotic-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
     July 19, 2013 - Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol Project Title: Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Measures … This review will not address aerosolized antibiotics and antifungals because PK/PD measures are not …  Different targets of PK/PD measures  Usual care (e.g., physician discretion or judgment, local … sufficient data are available, meta-analyses and results will be stratified by (1) method of PK/PD measure … Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measures.

182. Topic Suggestion Description | Effective Health Care Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/get-involved/nominated-topics/updating-treatments-fecal-incontinence-ix
     March 15, 2021 - efficacy, and medical appropriateness of NASHA/Dx FI Significant improvements in objective clinical measures … and durability Sustained statistically & clinically significant improvement in the CCFIS and FIQL scales

183. Towards a Framework for Communicating Confidence in Methodological Recommendations for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methodological-recommendations-framework-communications_research.pdf
     September 01, 2013 - It is also reasonable to assign different importance or weight to each measure. … When there is only one measure to optimize the alternative choices can be ranked readily. … on all measures. … In another example, a theorem proves that normalized weights that are inversely proportional to the … fragility of study rankings and inconsistency of subgroup analyses produced by comparing 25 published scales

184. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/disparities-quality-improvement_research-protocol.pdf
     February 23, 2012 -  Outcomes measures for each question: The outcome measures of interest include: health outcome … To measure potential changes in the inequity of care between patient groups, priority condition studies … Criteria for Inclusion/Exclusion of Studies in the Review  Disparity Measure. … In identifying studies, we will include studies that capture and report a measure of disparity in health … Included studies should capture health outcome measures and/or process measures.

185. Disposition of Comments_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 249: Malnutrition in Hospitalized Adults: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-249-malnutrition-disposition-comments_0.pdf
     October 13, 2021 - The components of the measures have been combined into a composite measure, the Global Malnutrition … for the eventual composite measure. … that are first scored separately as proportion measures. … can vary depending on the tool used to measure it. … The target audience for this report is quality measure developers.

186. Disposition of Comments_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 249: Malnutrition in Hospitalized Adults: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-249-malnutrition-disposition-comments_0_0.pdf
     October 13, 2021 - The components of the measures have been combined into a composite measure, the Global Malnutrition … for the eventual composite measure. … that are first scored separately as proportion measures. … can vary depending on the tool used to measure it. … The target audience for this report is quality measure developers.

187. Disposition of Comments Technical Brief 30 Assessment Tools for Palliative Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/palliative-care-tools-disposition.pdf
     May 04, 2017 - may have questionable elements (e.g., the WALT as an ethical/legal document is open to question), scales … completed by or with patients or caregivers…” The SCID, and delirium and respiratory distress observation scales … Thank you for the comment that many of these scales have multiple versions. … We have now noted this in the limitations of the review: “Finally, some scales noted in the review … Measures of integration: There are no standard tools but a measure of integration between palliative

188. Disposition of Comments Technical Brief 30 Assessment Tools for Palliative Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/palliative-care-tools-disposition.pdf
     May 04, 2017 - may have questionable elements (e.g., the WALT as an ethical/legal document is open to question), scales … completed by or with patients or caregivers…” The SCID, and delirium and respiratory distress observation scales … Thank you for the comment that many of these scales have multiple versions. … We have now noted this in the limitations of the review: “Finally, some scales noted in the review … Measures of integration: There are no standard tools but a measure of integration between palliative

189. Comparative Effectiveness of Physical Therapy for Knee Pain Secondary to Osteoarthritis | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/arthritis-knee-physical-therapy/research-protocol
     March 02, 2011 - Hand-held dynamometer Isokinetic dynamometer Knee goniometry Lower extremity activity profile Measure … capacity Markers of inflammation: Girth measurements for swelling/edema Self-reported patient scales … Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain subscale Patient Global Assessment Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales … Outcome Measures in Rheumatology OMERACT outcome measures including: Pain Physical function … global assessment Joint imaging (for studies of 1 year or longer) Health-related quality of life measure

190. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Maternal and Child Health: An Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/omega-3-maternity_executive.pdf
     October 01, 2016 - Developmental Scale � Kauffman Assessment Battery for Children � Neonatal Behavioral Assessment � Wechsler Scales … Validated evaluation procedures � E.g., Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, � Behavioral rating scales … , e.g., Connors, Vanderbilt, and Barkley scales o Risk for Autism spectrum disorders � Validated … Pooled analysis of 12 RCTs showed significantly higher birth weights among infants (mixed term and preterm … In addition, the multiplicity of measures all but ensured that some outcome measure would produce a

191. Progression-Free Survival: What Does It Mean for Psychological Well-Being or Quality of Life? | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/survival-quality/research
     April 12, 2013 - anxiety, depression, or psychological well-being, and (2) for agents where PFS is the primary outcome measure … for KQ1 sought to identify studies that showed a causal relationship between PFS and improvement on measures … summarized in data tables on study characteristics, treatment efficacy and safety, patient-reported outcome measure … as an outcome in the absence of association with OS; and (3) the extent to which improvement in QOL measures

192. Obesity Prevention and Control (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/obesity-research-methods_research-protocol.pdf
     February 08, 2017 - use of a validated instrument (see Appendix B for list of commonly used validated instruments) to measure … We will use a list of validated measures as illustrated in Appendix B. … For the obesity measures and behavioral outcomes, we will additionally abstract the measures or instruments … When available, we will abstract the effect size and units, measure of variability, and 95% confidence … List of Commonly Used Validated Dietary and Physical Activity Measures.

193. Traumatic-Brain-Injury-Rehabilitation Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/traumatic-brain-injury-rehabilitation_executive.pdf
     June 01, 2012 - Several measures are available to assess severity. … Therefore, other measures are also used.6 Table A. … rehabilitation.15 However, patient-centered outcomes can be subjective and are often measured with scales … including (1) specificity of study populations, interventions and comparators, and outcomes used to measure … MCIDs in these scales; and adjusting for multiple comparisons.

194. ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF INCLUDED STUDIES (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/assessing-the-risk-of-bias_draft-report.pdf
     June 02, 2011 - Risk of Bias and Applicability Many commonly used quality assessment tools measure external validity … Risk of Bias and Outcome Measures The use of valid and reliable outcome measures reduces the likelihood … Notice that such declarative statements implicitly assign weights to the different items. … For a scale, the weights of different items are explicit rather than implicit. … Scales to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials: a systematic review.

195. Evidence Summary-Comparative-Effectiveness-Review-213-Lower-Limb-Prostheses (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-213-lower-limb-protheses-evidence-summary.pdf
     September 01, 2018 - What assessment techniques used to measure functional ability of adults with major lower limb amputation … Impact Profile-Physical Dimension) • Tandem Test • TAPES (Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales … Movement, and Mobility No Valid Reliable 11 TAPES (Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales … Specifically: Global Health subscale No Valid No 11 TAPES (Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales … That an instrument demonstrates convergent validity with a given related measure does not imply that

196. Treatments for Ankyloglossia and Ankyloglossia with Concomitant Lip-tie | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/ankyloglossia/research
     May 04, 2015 - Mothers consistently reported improved breastfeeding effectiveness after frenotomy, but outcome measures … Future studies could provide additional data to confirm or change the measure of effectiveness; thus, … Comparative studies reported improvements in some measures of speech, but assessment of outcomes was

197. Integrating stakeholder preferences in comparative effectiveness research using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and Conjoint Analysis (CA) (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/mcda-ijzerman.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - The pattern of choices reveals the implicit decision weights patients attach to therapeutic benefits … response it is possible to estimate the part-worth utility of the levels and to estimate attribute weights … Extreme Slide 12 Eigenvalue to obtain criteria (Ci) and level (Li) weights (1) Clinical … The left most patient bar (representing effectiveness, response) is the Rank 1 Outcome measure for patients … and the bar representing effectiveness, remission is the Rank 1 Outcome measure for psychiatrists.

198. Evaluation and Treatment of Tinnitus: A Comparative Effectiveness Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/tinnitus/research-protocol
     February 22, 2012 - Measures Various measures can be used to evaluate the presence and severity of the tinnitus. 9 There … Psychological grading scales can aid in the discrimination between clinically significant and nonsignificant … Visual analog scales (VASs) are well known psychometric measures of subjective attitudes and characteristics … These domains were adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scales for case-control studies … The Tinnitus Functional Index: development of a new clinical measure for chronic, intrusive tinnitus.

199. Disposition of Comments_Comparative Effectiveness Review 255: Transitions of Care From Pediatric to Adult Services for Children With Special Healthcare Needs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/transitions-care-pediatric-to-adult-services-disposition-comments.pdf
     May 31, 2022 - , utilization measures. … from NIH PhenX or PROMIS into a consolidated measure set. … Many of the measures may be classified as process measures (e.g., screenings for depression) as well … literature along with important contextual information to understand what the measure is, the measure … target, whether it was validated and which studies evaluated the measure.

200. Layout 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/sleep-apnea_executive.pdf
     July 01, 2011 - Intermediate outcomes of interest in the management of patients with OSA include sleep study measures … ., AHI), blood pressure (an intermediate outcome for cardiovascular disease), and hemoglobin A1c (a measure … AHI, arousal index, and minimum oxygen saturation; the standard measure of sleepiness, the Epworth Sleepiness … Scale (ESS); the quality-of-life measure Functional Outcomes Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ); and compliance … , and/or sleepiness measures.