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121. palliative-care-protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/palliative-care-tools_research-protocol.pdf
     April 14, 2016 - Questionnaire"[tiab] OR "self report"[tiab] OR instrument[tiab] OR instruments[tiab]  OR  scale[tiab]  OR  scales … Toolkit of Instruments to Measure End of Life Care (TIME). … PROMIS: Measures. … Grid-Enabled Measures Database. … National Quality Measures Clearinghouse.

122. Updating the Framework for AHRQ’s National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report (NHQDR) (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/updating-framework-protocol.pdf
     September 06, 2023 - The National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report (NHQDR) presents trends for measures related … measuring equity in recent years.4 2 Another key issue for quality of care is related to the measure … Any chosen framework will determine to a large extent which quality measures are prioritized, which … • How would existing AHRQ NHQDR measures be reorganized in the updated framework and domains? … • Are there available measures for new framework domains?

123. Statistical Design and Analytic Considerations for N-of-1 Trials (Chapter 4) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/n-1-trials/research-2014-1
     August 01, 2019 - Another approach would be to form a weighted composite scale, with weights accommodating patient and … patient's true decisionmaking state, one might instead analyze each outcome separately and report a measure … For example, Guyatt 14 and Larson 15 both used Likert scales with ratings from 1–7 to measure patient … extend the previous models to multiple patients with n-of-1 studies, we assume that the same outcome measure … Explicit prespecification of weights across outcomes is preferable to post hoc weighting.

124. Chronic-Cough Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/chronic-cough_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2014 - used to assess cough frequency and severity, including quality-of-life questionnaires, visual analog scales … utilization and costs Final Outcomes • Health-related quality of life instruments • Visual analog scales … different measurement scales were considered similar enough to combine using effect sizes. … r = 0.8–1.0 Insufficient SOE 1 study; 67 subjects Detected change with treatment Visual analog scales … Visual analog scales, although widely used both in research and practice, have little to no data to

125. Observed Association Between Antidepressant Use and Pneumonia Risk Was Confounded by Comorbidity Measures | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/antidepressants-seniors-pneumonia/research
     January 01, 2020 - After further adjustment for comorbidity measures, the OR was 0.89 (0.79 to 1.00). … After further adjustment for comorbidity measures, the OR was 0.63 (0.23 to 1.71). … It did not measure exposure to antidepressants or attempt to control for patient factors that may change … required at least six months of data prior to study eligibility to ensure an adequate period in which to measure … with the goal of identifying a potential wide range of potential signals to be further tested, did not measure

126. Updating the Framework for AHRQ’s National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report (NHQDR) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/updating-framework/protocol
     October 01, 2023 - The National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report (NHQDR) presents trends for measures related to … operationalizing and measuring equity in recent years. 4 Another key issue for quality of care is related to the measure … Any chosen framework will determine to a large extent which quality measures are prioritized, which in … How would existing AHRQ NHQDR measures be reorganized in the updated framework and domains? … Are there available measures for new framework domains?

127. Appendix: Test Performance Metrics | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/test-performance-metrics/appendixes
     December 01, 2019 - and their application can be confusing in practice. 1 The basic measures are described briefly below … The quotation marks are retained to stress that, in the calculation of the basic measures reviewed here … The two measures have clear clinical interpretations, but are not as useful clinically as the positive … The systematic reviewer must be familiar with the mentioned measures and their interpretation: the same … Thus this single measure includes information about both sensitivity and specificity and tends to be

128. Closing the Quality Gap Series: Quality Improvement Measurement of Outcomes for People With Disabilities | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/disabilities-quality-improvement-outcomes/research
     December 01, 2019 - We focused on outcomes, patient experience, and care coordination process measures. … We looked for generic outcome measures rather than disability-condition–specific measures. … Results A total of 15,513 articles were screened; 15 articles were included for general outcome measures … A large number of outcome measures have been critically assessed and mapped to the International Classification

129. Comparative Effectiveness Research Review Disposition of Comments Report (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/disabilities-quality-improvement-outcomes_disposition-comments.pdf
     October 15, 2012 - Yet as you acknowledge when doing population surveillance we need to measure in a standard way drawing … ACSs as a quality measure for studying disparities among people with disabilities as you state is a … can be used to “identify needs, match patients to interventions, track functioning over time, and measure … The measure was an open-ended qualitative response item for feedback from providers whose patients … The capability to measure and study outcomes over time with precision would mitigate the ceiling and

130. Amended Protocol: Interventions for Breathlessness in Patients with Advanced Cancer (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/dyspnea-protocol-amended.pdf
     May 19, 2020 - This tool must include patient-or caregiver-reported measures of anxiety. … rate • Oxygen or carbon dioxide/ bicarbonate levels • Heart rate • Blood pressure • Objective measure … Which measurement scales should we use to measure breathlessness in palliative care? … Observational scales are used for patients unable to self-report and are validated against self-report … For the purposes of this report focusing on breathlessness, we wanted to focus on an objective measure

131. Advancing Measurement of Patient-Centered Communication in Cancer Care | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/cancer-communication/research
     November 01, 2017 - Objectives The goal of Phase 2 was to refine the Phase 1 framework; identify, develop, and test PCC measures … Develop and Test Measures : We developed an inventory of PCC survey items by examining published literature … generally able to understand the questions, apply them to their own experiences, and use the response scales … followed by psychometric analysis, and finalizing the items and developing short and long-term versions of measures

132. Expanded Guidance on Selected Quantitative Synthesis Topics | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/quantitative-synthesis-expanded-methods/methods
     December 01, 2019 - This section discusses different ways of presenting and interpreting various effect measures. … or effect size meta-analyses can be used if the same outcome was assessed on different measurement scales … Results, however, are expressed in units of standard deviations, rather than in units of any measurement scales … For example, Hansen et al. 33 combined functional outcomes measured on different scales in placebo-controlled … investigators could consider calculating an approximation of mean difference on the included measurement scales

133. Observed Association Between Antidepressant Use and Pneumonia Risk Was Confounded by Comorbidity Measures (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/antidepressants-seniors-pneumonia_research.pdf
     May 01, 2008 - Observed Association Between Antidepressant Use and Pneumonia Risk Was Confounded by Comorbidity Measures … After further adjustment for comorbidity measures, the OR was 0.89 (0.79 to 1.00). … It did not measure exposure to antidepressants or attempt to control for patient factors that may change … required at least six months of data prior to study eligibility to ensure an adequate period in which to measure … the goal of identifying a potential wide range of potential signals to be further tested, did not measure

134. Environmental, Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Hospital Resources to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Infections (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prevent-hai-draft-report.pdf
     January 16, 2025 - Environmental footprint A measure of the environmental impact of an individual, organization, or product … sheets which protect operating room beds and aid in patient mobility; blood pressure cuffs used to measure … not explicitly identify which perspective the authors used for their economic analysis and did not measure … The primary measure of interest was greenhouse gas emissions 32 (CO2-equivalent), but TRACI … Haessler S, Martin EM, Scales ME, et al.

135. Executive Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 269: Respectful Maternity Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-269-respectful-maternity-care-summary.pdf
     January 01, 2024 - the urgent need to implement RMC, goals for RMC must include further testing of reliable performance measures … from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) to inform the CQ to describe RMC, or apply various measures … This review was limited to the intrapartum and postpartum periods, and some of the measures were not … Before widespread implementation of tools to measure RMC, further testing of current measures and a … Box A) to help bridge the gap between RMC conceptual models, theoretical frameworks, and validated measures

136. Disposition of Comments for CER 204 Methods for Evaluating Natural Experiments in Obesity (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-204-obesity-disposition-comments.pdf
     December 01, 2017 - The outcome measures are appropriate. … These measures are categorized based on the NCCOR Measures Registry. … We took these categories from the NCCOR Measure Registry. … You are correct, several studies used more than one method to measure outcomes. … Already stated that they all had only one pre- measure.

137. Disposition of Comments_Technical Brief No. 44: Measuring Primary Healthcare Spending (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/primary-healthcare-spending-disposition-comments.pdf
     May 17, 2024 - of primary care spending, not just more standardized measures. … and different measure features with outcomes. … It might be worth explicitly calling out the possibility of gaming different measures, and which measure … and extent of variation in the decisions made for each of those dimensions in existing measures. … Different measures simply reflect that primary care means different things to different people Our

138. Comparative Effectiveness of Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/sleep-apnea/research-protocol
     December 01, 2019 - Subjective (e.g., Epworth sleepiness scales); only validated measures Objective (e.g., Multiple … scales (e.g., diagnostic screening questionnaires); only validated measures Psychological function … scales; only validated measures Cognitive or Executive function scales; only validated measures Physical … function scales; only validated measures Accidents ascribed to somnolence (e.g., motor vehicle, home … accidents) Sleep quality; only formal scales or questionnaires Work days lost (and equivalent)

139. A Primer for Systematic Reviewers on the Measurement of Functional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/quality-of-life-functional-status-measurement/white-paper
     November 01, 2017 - the methods for assessing function and HRQL, and evidence on the measurement properties of prominent measures … Results Key measurement properties include construct validity (does the instrument measure what it … is supposed to measure?) … Conclusions While further study of the measurement properties of measures in older populations is needed … , studies of older adults should include measures of HRQL and function.

140. Vision Impairment and Blindness | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/vision-impairment-and-blindness
     April 07, 2025 - visionimpairmentandblindness.html Products Technical Brief April 7, 2025 Pediatric Quality Measures … Program 3.0: An Evidence Map of Measures for Vision, Hearing, and Developmental Screening and Followup … Research Protocol August 2, 2024 Pediatric Quality Measures Program 3.0: An Evidence … Map of Measures for Vision, Hearing, and Developmental Screening and Followup