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61. Modeling Study: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/modeling-study/colorectal-cancer-screening
    June 15, 2016 - Main Outcomes and Measures: Life-years gained compared with no screening (benefit), lifetime number … Findings were sensitive to the measure used for the burden of screening. … Seventh, the measures of the benefits and burden of screening used in the analysis were imperfect. … Utility weights have been estimated for diagnosed CRC states, 69 but utility weights have not been estimated … Future work should consider alternative measures of test burden that would enable direct comparison across

62. Archived: Modeling Study: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/modeling-study/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
    June 15, 2016 - Main Outcomes and Measures: Life-years gained compared with no screening (benefit), lifetime number … Findings were sensitive to the measure used for the burden of screening. … Seventh, the measures of the benefits and burden of screening used in the analysis were imperfect. … Utility weights have been estimated for diagnosed CRC states, 69 but utility weights have not been estimated … Future work should consider alternative measures of test burden that would enable direct comparison across

63. C-Reactive Protein as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/khUSqr94jqWPErt9ZRnQ95
    October 01, 2009 - In particular, they did not systematically assess the degree of adjustment for standard measures of CHD … other confounding factors were included in the model; whether the investigators re- ported model fit measures … , discrimination measures, or model calibration statistics separately for models with and without CRP … They note that measures of risk reclassification are probably better than the c-statistic for assessing … Non-HDL choles- terol, apolipoproteins A-I and B100, standard lipid measures, lipid ratios, and Clinical

64. Task Force Issues Final Recommendation Statement on Screening for Gestational Diabetes (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/gestational-diabetes-screening-final-rec-bulletin.pdf
    August 10, 2021 - Screening for gestational diabetes includes drinking a sugary solution and having blood draws to measure

65. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Draft Recommendation Statement on Screening Children for Lipid Disorders (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/child-lipid-screening-draft-rec-bulletin.pdf
    February 21, 2023 - “In the absence of this data, healthcare professionals should use their judgment on whether to measure

66. Archived: Evidence Summary: Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening, July 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening-2005
    July 12, 2005 - social deprivation, and perhaps, infant feeding patterns, early or more rapid puberty, extreme birth weights … and a measure of relative weight, we have adopted the use of the term “overweight” in children as opposed … with or without weight-related measures? … Although BMI is the best clinically available measure of overweight, uncertainty in its application to … Use of the body mass index (BMI) as a measure of overweight in children and adolescents.

67. Archived: Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/postmenopausal-osteoporosis-screening-1996
    January 01, 1996 - grams/cm. 2 Single photon absorptiometry (SPA), in which radioisotopes are the photon source, can measure … In a single measure of bone density, there is a small risk of inaccurate values, and there is no value … Hygienic measures such as adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, exercise, and smoking cessation can … All women should also receive counseling regarding universal preventive measures related to fracture … Results of bone densitometry affect women's decisions about taking measures to prevent fractures.

68. Evidence Summary: Hypertension in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/hypertension-in-adults-screening
    April 27, 2021 - Main Outcomes and Measures: Mortality; cardiovascular events; quality of life; sensitivity, specificity … analysis. 19 , 20 Results for KQ3 (confirmatory measurement) were stratified by the type of confirmatory measure … HBPM as a confirmatory method. 25 , 65 , 66 , 69 In these studies, participants were instructed to measure … reported mm Hg differences between measurement modalities or studies that only included κ values as a measure … Racial differences in abnormal ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures: results from the Coronary

69. Recommendation: Prevention of Child Maltreatment: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions
    March 19, 2024 - There is no gold standard for these instruments; measures to validate instruments (eg, CPS reports) are … of abuse. 1 , 21 If direct or intermediate measures of abuse were reported, other measures, including … reported group differences. 1 , 21 Of 4 trials (n = 1638) evaluating outcomes based on the Bayley Scales … Outcome measures could also include those outside the child welfare system (e.g., composite measures) … In addition, consistency in outcome measure definitions, outcome types, and outcome timing across studies

70. Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Qpv8h6ZMbYLYzakVrNQoj2
    October 11, 2022 - Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk (continued) Intervention Time of outcome measurement Outcome measure … group therapy; psychoeduca-tion for parents 8 wk to 7 mo Functioning: Health of the Nation Outcome Scales … CBT, fluoxetine, and their combination; 1 on collaborative care) (n = 2152) Psychotherapy Varied by measure … resulting from psychotherapy interventions, but this finding was statistically significant for only 1 measure … Screening for adolescent depression: a comparison of depression scales.

71. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommends Screening for Obesity in Children and Adolescents (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/child-obesity-newsbulletin.pdf
    June 20, 2017 - Parents do not always recognize when their children are overweight, so it is important for clinicians to measure

72. Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/blood-pressure-in-children-and-adolescents-hypertension-screening
    November 01, 2018 - validity (e.g., positive and negative predictive value, likelihood ratios, sensitivity, specificity); measures … provide enough data to recreate 2x2 tables to calculate sensitivity and specificity KQs 5, 6: Measures … such as diurnal variation, or nocturnal blood pressure dipping Arterial wall dysfunction, including measures … of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity, and augmentation index Metabolic measures, namely glucose … tolerance or other measures of impaired glucose tolerance, insulin level, lipid profile, and homocysteine

73. Draft Recommendation: Screening for Glaucoma | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/glaucoma-screening-adults-older-adults
    October 26, 2021 - eye examination (for evaluation of the optic nerve), perimetry (visual field test), gonioscopy (to measure … the angle in the eye where the iris meets the cornea), and pachymetry (to measure the thickness of the … based on several tests that, when combined, evaluate the structure and function of the optic nerve and measure

74. Draft Recommendation: Screening for Primary-Angle Glaucoma | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/primary-angle-glaucoma-screening
    October 26, 2021 - eye examination (for evaluation of the optic nerve), perimetry (visual field test), gonioscopy (to measure … the angle in the eye where the iris meets the cornea), and pachymetry (to measure the thickness of the … based on several tests that, when combined, evaluate the structure and function of the optic nerve and measure

75. Archived: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-october-2015
    October 12, 2015 - the Oscar 2 ambulatory blood pressure monitor among research participants: a cross-sectional repeated measures … Ambulatory Monitoring of Systolic Blood Pressure, Adjusted for Office Blood Pressure   Weights … and Death: Home Monitoring of Systolic Blood Pressure, Adjusted for Office Blood Pressure Weights

76. Archived: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-monitoring-october-2015
    October 12, 2015 - the Oscar 2 ambulatory blood pressure monitor among research participants: a cross-sectional repeated measures … , Adjusted for Office Blood Pressure   Weights … Pressure, Adjusted for Office Blood Pressure Weights

77. Screening for Hypertension in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/QaNSteuunshjz-kHPxVvAN
    April 27, 2021 - MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Mortality; cardiovascular events; quality of life; sensitivity, specificity … - ment (repeat OBPM), twice-daily home blood pressure measure- ment for 3 to 7 days (HBPM), measurement … Third, this review did not include accuracy studies that only reported mm Hg differences between measure … Racial differences in abnormal ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures: results from the Coronary … the Oscar 2 ambulatory blood pressure monitor among research participants: a cross-sectional repeated measures

78. Screening for Hypertension in Adults (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/fstFcpK_NCq4usyspqnxvY
    July 20, 2020 - check blood pressure at home using different types of devices: • The first option allows the patient to measure

79. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Two Final Recommendation Statements Related to Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/cvd-nontraditional-risk-pad-joint-bulletin.pdf
    July 10, 2018 - found insufficient evidence on whether additional methods provide more information than traditional measures … These recommendation statements focus on whether additional tests to measure risk can help identify

80. Archived: Evidence Summary: Tobacco Use in Children and Adolescents: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary26/tobacco-use-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions
    December 11, 2012 - Interventions and measures were heterogeneous. Most trials examined only cigarette smoking. … according to smoking status, whether there was a group component or motivational interviewing, the measure … The definition of what constituted a smoker at baseline and the primary outcome measure differed among … First, there were inconsistent measures of baseline smoking status and outcome measures. … (0.49–7.32) Stevens et al, 2002 36 ‡ 3070 12 Ever smoked (specific measure