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81. Executive Summary - Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: 2023 Update (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-executive-summary-2023-update.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - cannabidiol (CBD) ratio using the following categories: comparable THC to CBD, high-THC to CBD, and low-THC … randomized controlled trials (RCTs), one of oral THC, CBD, and combination THC/CBD1 and one of two low … Cannabinoids were categorized according to their THC to CBD ratio (comparable, high, low) and type … Risk of Bias 29% high, 57% moderate, 14% low 50% moderate, 50% low 20% high, 40% moderate, 40% … low 50% high, 25% moderate, 25% low 100% moderate Total Randomized 882 297 592 267 34 Age

82. Systematic Review on Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: Surveillance Report 2 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/surveillance-report-2-noninvasive-nonpharma.pdf
    April 01, 2022 - Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Low Level Laser in Controlling Low Back Pain: A Randomized … back pain • Adults with chronic, nonradicular low back pain KQ1: Low back pain • Patients with … From a Racially Diverse, Low-Income Community? … Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Low Level Laser in Controlling Low Back Pain: A Randomized … Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain.

83. Treatment for Bipolar Disorder in Adults: A Systematic Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/bipolar-disorder-treatment/final-report-2018
    December 01, 2019 - All drug study findings with at least low-strength evidence were based almost exclusively on adults with … ), while topiramate and allopurinol showed no benefit (low-strength evidence). … Systematic/collaborative care had no effect on relapse compared to inactive comparators (low-strength … All antipsychotics approved by the Food and Drug Administration, except aripiprazole, had low-strength … Aside from low-strength evidence showing CBT and systematic/collaborative care having no benefit for

84. Executive Summary_Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 263: Management of Postpartum Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-263-postpartum-hypertensive-pregnancy-executive-summary.pdf
    May 01, 2023 - moderate strength of evidence [SoE]) and may increase the number of BP measurements obtained overall (low … o Most patients may be satisfied with care related to HBPM (≥87%) (low SoE) o HBPM may not affect … initiation of BP treatment (low SoE, no evidence of difference) o HBPM may reduce unplanned hypertension … (HTN)-related readmissions (low SoE) o HBPM probably decreases disparities between non-Black and … of initiating treatment for hypertension (Low SoE).

85. Linking Dental Services to Treatment Outcomes for Diabetes (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/treatment-outcomes-diabetes-rapid-research.pdf
    July 19, 2024 - Moderate Some Concerns Moderate Fair Moderate Low High Serious Poor Low Very low Critical Critically … ; Mostly Low; Low; 5.6 – 8.0 7 (2 RCT); NR; T2DM Asia, Europe, USA NSPT Mostly Low; Low … Low Low Low Low Low High Milanesi 2023 Low Low Low Low Low Low High Kolte 2023 Low Low Low Low Low … Low High Wang 2020 Low Low Low Low Low Low High 67 Sundaram 2023 Some concerns … Low Low Low Low Low Low Low High Mizutani 2024 Low Serious Low Serious Moderate Moderate Low Serious

86. Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Medicine Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rheumatoid-arthritis-medicine_executive.pdf
    April 01, 2012 - Low Biologic DMARDs vs. Biologic DMARDs Abatacept vs. … Low 6 Table A. … Low No differences in adverse events in efficacy studies. … Low No differences in discontinuation rates. … Low No differences in discontinuation rates.

87. Interventions To Decrease Hospital Length of Stay | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/hospital-length-of-stay/report
    March 01, 2022 - Clinical pathways reduced LOS, readmission, and mortality (low to moderate quality evidence from a single … , 2 before/after studies (4 of 6 US) (n=NR) WMD: 0.087 days, 95% CI: -0.083 to 0.257, no difference low … interrupted time series (6 of 7 US) (n=NR) WMD: 0.001 days, 95% CI: -0.035 to 0.037, no difference low … Very Low: Very Low confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect; further research is likely … Low: Low confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect; further research is likely to change

88. Cannabis-2024-Update-Appendix-F (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cannabis-2024-update-appendix-f.xlsx
    January 01, 2024 - Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Moderate Hansen, 2023a Yes Yes Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Hansen 2023a See Hansen 2023a See Hansen 2023a Langford, 2013 Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes No Moderate Pini, 2012 Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Moderate Toth, 2012 Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Moderate Zubcevic, 2022 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Low

89. Cer-250-Cannabis-2024-Surv-Rep-Update-Tables-F1-2 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-2024-surv-rep-update-tables-f1-2.xlsx
    January 01, 2024 - Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Moderate Hansen, 2023a Yes Yes Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Hansen 2023a See Hansen 2023a See Hansen 2023a Langford, 2013 Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes No Moderate Pini, 2012 Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Moderate Toth, 2012 Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Low … Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Moderate Zubcevic, 2022 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Unclear Yes Yes Yes Low

90. Noninvasive Testing for Coronary Artery Disease | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/coronary-artery-disease-testing/research
    December 01, 2019 - (low confidence), and insufficient (no evidence or no confidence in the estimate). … Across studies, the frequency was low for all-cause mortality (0%–1.5% in outpatient settings, 0%–1.1% … strength of evidence) but was similar compared with SPECT and usual care (low strength of evidence). … No conclusions regarding low-risk patients or high-risk patients without ACS are possible. … The frequency of all-cause mortality and MI was low across studies in all settings.

91. Dementia-Nursing-Home-Characteristics Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/dementia-nursing-home-characteristics_executive.pdf
    October 01, 2012 - Low SOE suggests we have low confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect. … Only findings with low or better SOE are reported. … and also more engagement (low SOE). … Low NH vs. … Low NH vs.

92. CER 217 Management of Infertility Evidence Summary (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-217-infertility-evidence-summary.pdf
    May 01, 2019 - SOE) with no difference in multiple births, miscarriage, or low birthweight rates (low SOE) • There … Low (Imprecise) Table A. … Low (Imprecise) ART: IVF vs. … Low (Moderate study limitations) Table C. … (low SOE).

93. Layout 1 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rotator-cuff-tear_executive.pdf
    July 01, 2010 - RCR (n=2) Low The evidence was too limited to make a conclusion for cuff integrity. … RCR vs. palliative treatment (n=1) Low The evidence was too limited to make a conclusion. … Low The evidence was too limited to make a conclusion for function. … rehabilitation (n=1) Low The evidence was too limited to make a conclusion. … PT home exercise instruction Low The evidence was too limited to make a conclusion.

94. Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in Men and Women with Low Bone Density or Osteoporosis – An Update of the 2007 Report | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/osteoporosis-bone-fracture/research-protocol
    March 01, 2020 - Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in Men and Women with Low … Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in Men and Women with Low … Low bone mass or density is defined as a T-score between -2.5 and -1. … testosterone levels in men, low body weight, family history of hip fracture, race/ethnicity, previous … America’s bone health: The state of osteoporosis and low bone mass in our nation.

95. Cer-235-Pharma-Nonpharm-Ptsd-Update-Appendix-G-1 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-235-pharma-nonpharm-ptsd-update-appendix-g-1.xlsx
    November 12, 2020 - not satisfied, resulting in • Consider a "Medium-Low" rating if ≥ 1 criteria are rated as "no" or " … unclear" Low: • Very low potential for biased findings on the primary outcome and timepoint of interest … • Consider a "Low" rating if all or all but 1 criteria are rated as "Yes" PNW Brom, 2017 Yes Unclear … NA Rater 2 Bryant, 2019 Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Medium-low NA PNW … NA Rater 2 Bryant, 2011 Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Medium-low Wait list

96. Contrast-Induced Nephropathy | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/nephropathy-contrast-induced/research
    January 01, 2020 - Conclusions We found low strength of evidence that the risk of CIN did not differ between LOCMs, and … saline (pooled risk ratio [RR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 1.03); and the SOE was low … given for LOCM (moderate SOE; RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.84), but not when it was given for IOCM (low … patients receiving intra-arterial contrast media (RR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.93), and the SOE was low … The SOE was low that IV sodium bicarbonate did not differ from IV saline in the risk of CIN (RR, 0.93

97. Layout 1 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-biopsy-executive.pdf
    December 01, 2009 - Strength of evidence: Low. … Strength of evidence: Low. … Strength of evidence: Low. … Strength of evidence: Low. … Strength of evidence: Low.

98. Nonpharmacological Versus Pharmacological Treatment for Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/major-depressive-disorder/clinician
    June 01, 2021 - ] SGAs versus SGAs + CBT ↔ 1.03 (0.85 to 1.26) [evidence low] ↔ 1.06 (0.82 to 1.38) … [evidence low] Table 2 : Summary of the Strength of Evidence for the Adverse Outcomes … ] ↔ [evidence low] Augmentation with a different pharmacotherapy (an SGA or a non-SGA) as a … low] Augmentation with an SGA or with CBT †† ↔ [evidence medium] ↔ [evidence low] … Low: [evidence low] Low confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect.

99. Comparative Effectiveness of Analgesics To Reduce Acute Pain in the Prehospital Setting | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/acute-pain-ems/research
    January 01, 2022 - SOE), IV acetaminophen (APAP) (low SOE), or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) administered … SOE), but we found no evidence of a clinically important difference at 60 minutes (low SOE). … Opioids may cause fewer adverse events than ketamine (low SOE), primarily administered intranasally. … compared with ketamine (low SOE), primarily administered IV. … Due to indirectness, SOE is generally low, and future research in the prehospital setting is needed.

100. Bladder-Cancer-Non-Muscle-Invasive Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/bladder-cancer-non-muscle-invasive_executive.pdf
     October 01, 2015 - Each study was rated as low, medium, or high risk of bias.12 Studies rated low risk of bias were considered … A low grade indicates low confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect; further research is … There were no clear differences in risk of adverse events (SOE: low). … There was no difference in risk of adverse events (SOE: low). … gemcitabine: Quality of life Low There were no differences for BCG vs.