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1. Evidence Summary: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening
   May 10, 2022 - muscarinic antagonist or long-acting beta agonist with the risk of a serious cardiovascular event in … muscarinic antagonist or long-acting beta-agonist and the longer-term use of inhaled corticosteroids … Long-term effects of web-based pedometer-mediated intervention on COPD exacerbations. … Association of cardiovascular risk with inhaled long-acting bronchodilators in patients with chronic … beta-agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; NA, not applicable; RCT, randomized clinical

2. Final Research Plan: Gestational Diabetes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/gestational-diabetes-screening
   June 06, 2019 - What are the long-term health consequences of diagnosis of GDM for mothers and their children, including … Are postpartum interventions effective for reducing incidence of long-term health outcomes in women previously … gestational weight gain (as per guidance from the Institute of Medicine, or defined by study author) Long-term … distress syndrome), fetal overgrowth (large for gestational age or macrosomia), and shoulder dystocia Long-term … Severe maternal or neonatal hypoglycemia, delivery of neonate who is small for gestational age, and long-term

3. Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ERAa_Bwr7hQxqZZ-X3p8Qh
   May 10, 2022 - muscarinic antagonist or long-acting beta agonist with the risk of a serious cardiovascular event in … beta-agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; NA, not applicable; RCT, randomized clinical … muscarinic antagonist or long-acting beta-agonist and the longer-term use of inhaled corticosteroids … Long-term effects of web-based pedometer- mediated intervention on COPD exacerbations. … Association of cardiovascular risk with inhaled long-acting bronchodilators in patients with chronic

4. Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Clinical Summary (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/jhFZhsK8x-mHaN9wU9zhaF
   Treatment and Interventions Medications used to treat COPD include long-acting β-agonists, inhaled … corticosteroids, long-acting anticholinergics, and combination therapy with corticosteroids and long-acting

5. Archived: Obesity: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obesity-screening-1996
   January 01, 1996 - An additional obstacle is the low rate of long-term success in maintaining weight loss. … Effects of four maintenance programs on the long-term management of obesity. … Long-term weight control study: I-VII. Clin Pharmacol Ther . 1992;51:581–646. 104. … International trial of long-term dexfenfluramine in obesity. … Effect of weight loss by obese children on long-term growth.

6. Final Research Plan: Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Screening and Supplementation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-pregnant-women-screening-and-supplementation
   July 07, 2022 - occurring after age 1 year Settings U.S. primary care–relevant settings   Timing KQ 1: Long-term … outcomes KQ 2: Short- or long-term outcomes   Study Designs KQ 1: Randomized, controlled … Infant outcomes >1 year of age Settings U.S. primary care–relevant   Timing KQs 1, 3: Long-term … outcomes KQs 2, 4, 5: Short- or long-term outcomes   Study Designs KQs 1, 3: Randomized

7. Archived: Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-c-virus-infection-screening-2004
   March 08, 2004 - There is no evidence that screening for HCV infection leads to improved long-term health outcomes, such … The current treatment regimen is long and costly and is associated with a high patient dropout rate due … screening for HCV infection in adults at high risk (go to Clinical Considerations) leads to improved long-term … that newer treatment regimens for HCV infection, such as pegylated interferon plus ribavirin, improve long-term … There is limited evidence from non-U.S. studies that older therapies have some long-term health benefits

8. Task Force Issues Final Recommendation Statement on Interventions for High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/high-bmi-children-adolescents-final-rec-bulletin.pdf
   June 18, 2024 - evidence on weight loss medications but found that more research is needed to fully understand the long-term … health outcomes of medications, including the possible harms of long-term medication use. … important areas of research gaps identified by the Task Force include how a change in BMI impacts overall, long-term … health; the long-term health outcomes and benefits of interventions; and how clinicians can best talk

9. Final Research Plan: Iron Deficiency Anemia in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan150/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-young-children-screening
   July 18, 2013 - Gastrointestinal outcomes Settings Primary care relevant   Timing KQ 1: Long-term … KQ 2: Short- or long-term   Study Designs KQ 1: Randomized, controlled trials … Gastrointestinal outcomes Settings Primary care relevant   Timing KQs 1, 3: Long-term … KQs 2, 4: Short- or long-term   Study Designs KQs 1, 3: Randomized, controlled

10. Evidence Gaps Research Taxonomy Table: Research Gaps for Interventions for High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/d8DVjQhw6JgjWaBtED97s6
    Timing Setting Research is needed on the benefits of behavioral and pharmacotherapy interventions on long-term … interventions: Compared with no intervention Pharmacotherapy: Interventions approved by the FDA for long-term … activity U.S. primary care settings or referrable from primary care Research is needed on the long-term … Trials should include populations with a higher prevalence of high BMI (e.g., Hispanic/Latino, Long-term … Research is needed on the maintenance of weight loss after behavioral interventions and assessment of long-term

11. ahrq29a - Screening for Hepatitis C in Adults - Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/aSLgQ3VeNEmowQmpvPk_Xe
    March 01, 2004 - There is no evidence that screening for HCV infection leads to improved long-term health outcomes, such … improves intermediate outcomes, such as viremia, there is limited evidence that such treatment improves long-term … The current treatment regimen is long and costly and is associated with a high patient dropout rate due … screening for HCV infection in adults at high risk (see Clinical Considerations) leads to improved long-term … from non-U.S. studies that older therapies have some long-term health benefits for patients referred

12. Evidence Summary: Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-nonpregnant-adolescents-and-adults1/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening
    June 11, 2019 - Certain antiretroviral regimens were associated with increased risk of long-term neuropsychiatric, renal … Hepatic and Renal Adverse Events Analysis of data from the D:A:D study (n = 45,544) found long-term … Some new evidence also indicates that long-term hepatic, renal, and bone (fracture) adverse events are … Fifth, studies of long-term harms of ART often did not specify the regimen used or analyze effects of … Long EF.

13. Archived: Final Research Plan: Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnant Women: Screening and Supplementation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan31/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-pregnant-women-screening-and-supplementation-september-2015
    July 15, 2013 - KQ 2:  Gastrointestinal outcomes Settings Primary care relevant   Timing KQ 1:  Long-term … KQ 2:  Short- or long-term   Study Designs KQ 1:  Randomized, controlled trials; controlled … 4:  Gastrointestinal outcomes Settings Primary care relevant   Timing KQs 1, 3:  Long-term …   KQs 2, 4:  Short- or long-term   Study Designs KQs 1, 3:  Randomized, controlled trials

14. Archived: Obesity in Adults: Screening and Management | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obesity-in-adults-screening-and-management-2012
    June 15, 2012 - Inadequate evidence was found about the effectiveness of these interventions on long-term health outcomes … The USPSTF found inadequate direct evidence about the effectiveness of these interventions on long-term … Compared with that of obesity, less is known about the association of overweight and long-term health … Because direct data from screening trials on long-term health outcomes (for example, death, cardiovascular … Inadequate evidence was found about the effectiveness of these interventions on long-term health outcomes

15. Joel Tsevat, M.D., M.P.H. | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/current-members/joel-tsevat-md-mph
    January 01, 2023 - Cigarroa, Jr., M.D., distinguished chair in the Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine at The … He is also a long-standing member of the Society of General Internal Medicine and the American College

16. Screening for iron deficiency anemia in young children literature surveillance report 2023 (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/sCkggReHbVWXtLoqWhEPrh
    July 01, 2023 - increased risk for IDA; • The harms of screening for or treatment of IDA; and • The short- and long-term … deficiency and anemia at 6 months and intervention-related harms are reported.5 Three publications report long-term

17. Screening for HIV Infection in Asymptomatic, Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/q_zxLD9JZFGoSPCrEHNk2g
    June 11, 2019 - screening vs no screening, alternative screening strategies, earlier vs later initiation of ART, and long-term … Certain antiretroviral regimens were associated with increased risk of long-term neuropsychiatric, renal … evidence on the benefits and harms of screening, the yield of screening at different intervals, and long … Hepatic and Renal Adverse Events Analysis of data from the D:A:D study (n = 45 544) found long- term … Long EF.

18. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Breastfeeding: Counseling, July 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/breastfeeding-counseling-2003
    July 01, 2003 - consultants, or peer counselors) and in a variety of settings (clinic, hospital, home, or elsewhere) as long … Effects on long-term duration were small. … Education did not have a significant impact on long-term duration up to 6 months (difference 0.04; 95% … Loh NR, Kelleher CC, Long S, Loftus BG. Can we increase breast feeding rates? … Long-term effect on mother-infant behaviour of extra contact during the first hour postpartum: II, a

19. Archived: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening-2016
    April 05, 2016 - Treatment and Interventions Medications used to treat COPD include long-acting β-agonists, inhaled … corticosteroids, long-acting anticholinergics, and combination therapy with corticosteroids and long-acting … Long-term trials of treatment of COPD in screen-detected patients are also needed. … The USPSTF examined the treatment efficacy of 4 classes of medications used to treat COPD: long-acting … The USPSTF found no evidence to estimate the short- or long-term harms of these screening tests.

20. Summary of USPSTF Draft Recommendation: Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Support Breastfeeding (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/QH2JxjAo7FmcfCBy8c_65Y
    November 18, 2024 - support from both clinicians and peers that can help more mothers choose to breastfeed and increase how long … Interventions to support breastfeeding can help more mothers to breastfeed, increase how long they do