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261. PEPTIC ULCER #11 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/peptic-ulcer-horizon-scan-high-impact-1506.pdf
     June 01, 2015 - Bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine may lead to increased gas production, diarrhea, and weight

262. Topic 0613 Tympanostomy Tubes NSD FINAL (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND-0765-150129.pdf
     November 03, 2014 - Topic 0613 Tympanostomy Tubes NSD FINAL Tympanostomy Tubes in Children Nomination Summary Document Results of Topic Selection Process & Next Steps § Th…

263. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-strength-evidence.ppt
     June 01, 2012 - correlate to effective management and treatment of disease, particularly when the test results do not lead … term=16754927 Consider how surrogates (e.g., accuracy outcomes) will lead to changes in clinical … Misdiagnoses as a result of these tests can lead to further harms. … Different technical methods used in diagnostic (particularly laboratory) tests can lead to heterogeneous … Differences in the technical methods of diagnostic tests, particularly between laboratories, can also lead

264. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-strength-evidence.ppt
     June 01, 2012 - correlate to effective management and treatment of disease, particularly when the test results do not lead … term=16754927 Consider how surrogates (e.g., accuracy outcomes) will lead to changes in clinical … Misdiagnoses as a result of these tests can lead to further harms. … Different technical methods used in diagnostic (particularly laboratory) tests can lead to heterogeneous … Differences in the technical methods of diagnostic tests, particularly between laboratories, can also lead

265. Prostate-Cancer-Test Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prostate-cancer-test_research-protocol.pdf
     October 14, 2011 - These programs are based on the premise that PSA testing can lead to early detection of prostate cancer … However, testing total PSA levels to decide which patients should undergo a biopsy has been found to lead … When total PSA testing identifies patients with cancer-positive biopsies, it can again lead to overtreatment

266. Methods Research Report: Linking Evidence Reviews to Organizational Guideline Planning: A Pilot Test of an Interactive Web-Based Presentation and Discussion of Evidence (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/linking-evidence-reviews-methods_0.pdf
     October 01, 2018 - Each guideline has a guideline development team (GDT) that comprises a clinical operations lead, methodologist

267. Hi Les, (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rtc-design-principles_research.pdf
     January 01, 2009 - high-grade cervical abnormalities.7,8 Based on this evidence, we conclude that LBC will not directly lead … are the magnitude of the increase in sensitivity; the extent to which true positive test findings lead … For example, full-body computed tomography (CT) might lead to reduced morbidity and mortality due to

268. Template for Reports Developed (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-updates_methods.pdf
     July 01, 2011 - Lack of attention to updating may lead to outdated and sometimes misleading conclusions that compromise … to be regularly updated as new evidence is produced. 1,2 The lack of attention to updating may lead … These problems could lead to a waste of resources, provision of redundant or ineffective health care

269. Disposition of Comments for Treatment of Glaucoma: Comparative Effectiveness (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/glaucoma-treatment_disposition-comments.pdf
     April 01, 2012 - Treatment of OHT and OAG was found to lead to better preservation of VF compared with observation. … comment/ AAO-AGS Results Key Question 4c There is a conclusion that "Trabeculectomy first may lead … We don't argue that glaucoma vision loss does not lead to poorer QOL scores, just that treatment has … Moreover, preservatives can lead to corneal or conjunctival damage (Reviewed in Baudouin, 2008). … Moreover, preservatives can lead to corneal or conjunctival damage (Reviewed in Baudouin, 2008).

270. Infectious Disease Including HIV/AIDS #09 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/09_infectiousdisease_potential_high_impact_june_2012.pdf
     January 01, 2012 - Feelings of severe, persistent sadness and hopelessness can lead to negative behaviors associated with … HIV management and treatment adherence, which can lead to disease progression and even increased … Overall, experts commented that a collaborative care model to treat MDD in patients with HIV could lead … They believed that better MDD management might lead to improved treatment adherence and improve health … The prophylactic use of emtricitabine/tenofovir was shown to lead to a 44% reduction in the incidence

271. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews_Inclusion of Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions in Systematic Reviews of Intervention Effectiveness: An Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/methods-guide-inclusion-nonrandomized-studies.pdf
     September 01, 2022 - to include an NRSI if its results are likely to be highly biased.4 Results from biased studies can lead … If this assumption, known as the common trends assumption, is not fulfilled, the DiD approach would lead … A heavily biased estimate can be worse than no estimate because it could lead to erroneous conclusions … As a result, poor adjustment (i.e., inadequate or overadjustment) of confounding in NRSIs can lead to … at higher risk of bias will be included with studies at lower risk of bias in the SR, which could lead

272. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews_Inclusion of Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions in Systematic Reviews of Intervention Effectiveness: An Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/pdf/methods-guide-inclusion-nonrandomized-studies.pdf
     September 01, 2022 - to include an NRSI if its results are likely to be highly biased.4 Results from biased studies can lead … If this assumption, known as the common trends assumption, is not fulfilled, the DiD approach would lead … A heavily biased estimate can be worse than no estimate because it could lead to erroneous conclusions … As a result, poor adjustment (i.e., inadequate or overadjustment) of confounding in NRSIs can lead to … at higher risk of bias will be included with studies at lower risk of bias in the SR, which could lead

273. Choice-Of-Mean White-Paper (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/choice-of-mean_white-paper.pdf
     April 01, 2015 - A significant difference in baseline scores did not necessarily lead to discrepancy in conclusion. … indicated that using the change score versus the followup score to estimate mean difference could lead … there is baseline imbalance, using the change versus followup score to estimate mean difference would lead … Nevertheless, significant baseline difference does not necessarily lead to discrepancy in conclusions … the analysis.30 In summary, using the change score versus the followup score to estimate MD could lead

274. Outcome Measures Framework: Literature Review Findings and Implications (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/registry-of-patient-registries_research.pdf
     April 15, 2019 - syndromes and/or percutaneous coronary intervention found that different definitions of bleeding “can lead … In these cases, the project team contacted the sponsor or lead investigator for the initiative to gather … Many such surrogate, or intermediate, measures are important since the lead-time required for a person

275. Disposition of Comments Report for Methods for Insulin Delivery and Glucose Monitoring (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/insulin-blood-sugar-2010_disposition-comments.pdf
     January 01, 2010 - These combined factors lead to the probability that data may be insufficient to examine separately … 2012 15 Commentator & Affiliation Section Comment Response hyperglycemia, all of which may lead … In type 2 adult patients an inclusion of the study by Berthe et al. could still lead to significant … The figure could be interpreted as if a sensor compliance of about 80% would lead to an approximately … The figure could be interpreted as if a sensor compliance of about 80% would lead to an approximately

276. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/heart-failure-natriuretic-peptide_research-protocol.pdf
     December 20, 2011 - morbidity and mortality in HF patients, as well as whether therapies involving BNP or NT-pro- BNP lead … hyponatremia, decreasing peak exercise oxygen uptake, decreasing hematocrit, widened QRS interval on 12-lead … of hyponatremia, decreasing peak exercise oxygen uptake, decreasing hematocrit, widened QRS on 12-lead … hyponatremia, decreasing peak exercise oxygen uptake, decreasing hematocrit, widened QRS interval on 12-lead

277. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews - Avoiding Bias in Selecting Studies (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-bias_methods.pdf
     February 01, 2013 - Although we do not know the exact truth, different conclusions lead readers to believe that alternate … This scenario could lead to important differences in conclusions depending on which outcome-time point … trial registries (see Table 3 for descriptions).12 At a minimum, knowledge of unpublished studies may lead … Comprehensive searches for protocols and identification of selective outcome reporting may lead a reviewer

278. Cerebral-Palsy-Feeding Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cerebral-palsy-feeding_executive.pdf
     March 01, 2013 - Difficulties and Interventions Individuals with CP frequently have feeding and swallowing problems that may lead … reflux (GER), particularly those with severe CP, are also at risk for recurrent aspiration, which can lead … Clearly, surgical interventions can lead to increased weight gain; the degree to which harms outweigh … this review will help policymakers and researchers understand what types of studies are essential to lead … reflux that occurs more than twice a week or causes symptoms is considered GERD, and it can eventually lead

279. Appendix K Rapid Evidence Review Treatments for Clostridium difficile Colitis (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/clinical-pathway-methods-report-appendix-k.pdf
     February 01, 2018 - (ECRI Institute) Lead analyst: J. Jane S. Jue, M.D., M.Sc. … ileostomy with colonic lavage followed by antegrade vancomycin flushes is an alternative approach that may lead … ileostomy with colonic lavage followed by antegrade vancomycin flushes is an alternative approach that may lead … In a few people C. difficile infection can lead to pseudomembranous colitis, sepsis, toxic megacolon

280. Glasgow Coma Scale for Field Triage of Trauma: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/field-triage-glascow_executive.pdf
     January 01, 2017 - Glasgow Coma Scale for Field Triage of Trauma: A Systematic Review 1 ww Comparative Effectiveness Review Number 182 Glasgow Coma Scale for Field Triage of Trauma: A Systematic Review Executive Summary Background Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death among people in the United States ages 1 to…