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181. Pneumonia-Antibiotic-Treatment Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/pneumonia-antibiotic-treatment_executive.pdf
     November 01, 2014 - cases may be ventilator associated.3,4 In the ICU setting, HAP accounts for up to 25 percent of all infections … or infections in other organ systems are excluded.) … , public policies to support development and approval of new drugs to treat resistant infections, and … Resistant organisms are a persistent and increasing problem, with MRSA infections now accounting for … International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units.

182. Surveillance Report: Masks for Prevention of COVID-19 in Community and Healthcare Settings (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/masks-prevention-covid-surveillance-report.pdf
     July 17, 2020 - One new observational study1 on mask use and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in community settings was … prior to the development of symptoms by the index case were associated with decreased risk of incident infections … , after adjusting for other hygiene and infection control practices, physical distance to index case … There was no association between mask use after illness onset in the index case and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections … or effects of mask use and risk of SARS-CoV-1 infection, MERS-CoV infection (the cause of Middle East

183. Strategies for Improving the Lives of Women Aged 40 and Above Living with HIV/AIDS | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/women-hiv/research-protocol
     March 03, 2016 - current guidelines for HIV testing, HIV treatment, and comorbidities and HIV-related opportunistic infections … such as hepatitis C, tuberculosis, and opportunistic infections, cancers, or dementia. … Examples of co-occurring diseases of interest include cancer, infections (including hepatitis C, human … papilloma virus [HPV], tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, AIDS defining infections such as Pneumocystis carinii … HIV infection, drug use, and onset of natural menopause.

184. women-hiv-protocol-160301 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/women-hiv_research-protocol.pdf
     March 01, 2016 - current guidelines for HIV testing, HIV treatment, and comorbidities and HIV-related opportunistic infections … such as hepatitis C, tuberculosis, and opportunistic infections, cancers, or dementia. … Examples of co-occurring diseases of interest include cancer, infections (including hepatitis C, human … papilloma virus [HPV], tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, AIDS defining infections such as Pneumocystis … HIV infection, drug use, and onset of natural menopause.

185. Comparative Effectiveness of Treatment for Hepatitis C in Adults | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/hepatitis-c/research-protocol
     November 30, 2011 - . 1,2 However, the review did support the effectiveness of treatment for HCV infection within the context … The prevalence of HCV infection in the U.S. is estimated to be 1.6 percent, with a peak of 4.3 percent … in 2007. 6 Infection with HCV is a leading cause of chronic liver disease in the US, with the direct … The current standard antiviral medication treatment for HCV infection is pegylated interferon combined … The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1999 through 2002.

186. Topic Brief: COVID-19 Vapor Treatment (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/system/files/docs/topic-brief-hot-vapor-treatment-covid-19.pdf
     March 05, 2021 - o A recent commentary summarizes evidence around the use of heat for treatment of viral infections.2 … o A small study of 10 people with confirmed SARS-COV2 infection suggested that it might be beneficial … in early infection. … the 2 bronchial tree, bronchi and lungs, and it is unlikely it could be beneficial once the infection

187. Tonsillectomy for Recurrent Infection and Obstructive Sleep Disordered Breathing | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/tonsillectomy/research-protocol/

188. Effective Health Care Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/health-topics/gastroenteritis-0
     April 02, 2014 - Reflux Disease Systematic Review Archived December 13, 2005 Clostridium difficile Infection

189. Making Healthcare Safer IV: Summary of Findings, 2023-2024 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/mhs-IV-1-year-final-report-updated-title_0.pdf
     May 01, 2024 - Prevention in Adults of Transmission of Infection With Multidrug-Resistant Organisms .. 19 6a. … Prevention in Adults of Transmission of Infection With Multidrug-Resistant Organisms 6a. … o Environmental decontamination may reduce MDRO infections (low SOE). … a small effect on MDRO infections in the endemic setting (low SOE). … Prevention in Adults of Transmission of Infection With Multidrug-Resistant Organisms 6a.

190. Masks-Surveillance-2-Appendix-Table-A-3 (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/masks-surveillance-2-appendix-table-a-3.xlsx
     March 23, 2020 - Inclusion Criteria Sample Size Age (mean, years) Female % Healthcare Worker Type/Role Definition of HCW Infection … Proportion (%) of HCWs With Infections Results: Mask Use Versus Nonuse Results: Comparison of Mask Types … Limitations Alradaddi B et al. 2016 Risk factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection … eye protection Not reported Potential recall bias Caputo K et al. 2006 Intubation of SARS patients: infection … midwife 4% housekeeping 11% lab or operating room technician 3% security guard 9% other SARS-CoV-2 infection

191. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatitis-c_research-protocol.pdf
     November 30, 2011 - Based on a 2004 systematic review of the evidence for screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection … . 1,2 However, the review did support the effectiveness of treatment for HCV infection within the … The prevalence of HCV infection in the U.S. is estimated to be 1.6 percent, with a peak of 4.3 percent … PICOTS Criteria Population(s):  Non-co-infected adults with HCV infection who have not had … The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1999 through 2002.

192. Appedixes A-D (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ems-911-workforce-appendixes_0.pdf
     December 10, 2021 - *[tiab] OR Infections[mh] OR Infectious[tiab] OR “infectious disease”[tiab] OR “Virus Diseases”[tiab … ”[tiab] OR “Respiratory Tract Infections”[mh] 27 #18 OR #19 OR #20 OR #21 OR #22 OR #23 OR #24 OR #25 … *:ti,ab OR ‘Infection’/de OR ‘airborne infection’/de OR ‘bloodstream infection’/de OR ‘communicable … ”) OR AB (“Respiratory infection”) OR (MM “Respiratory Tract Infections”) 19 10 OR 11 OR 12 OR 13 OR … Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Infections Among Healthcare Workers, Los Angeles County, February - May

193. Masks for Prevention of COVID-19 in Community and Healthcare Settings: Surveillance Report (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/masks-surveillance-2-report.pdf
     October 01, 2020 - of various types of facemasks in the community and in healthcare workers (HCWs) for prevention of infection … One new observational study1 on mask use and versus no use risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare … No new study evaluated the effects of mask use and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in community settings … or effects of mask use and risk of SARS-CoV-1 infection, MERS-CoV infection, or influenza/influenzalike … Healthcare workers & SARS-CoV-2 infection in India: A case-control investigation in the time of COVID

194. Topic 0613 Tympanostomy Tubes NSD FINAL (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND-0765-150129.pdf
     November 03, 2014 - prophylactic water precautions (ear plugs, headbands, etc.) following tympanostomy tube insertion reduce infections … plugs or headbands or avoidance of water Comparator(s): No prophylactic water precautions Outcome(s): Infections … AOM occurs when infection leads to the accumulation of pus and mucus behind the eardrum, blocking the … Effusion indicates that fluid builds up in the ear after an infection. … the use of prophylactic water precautions for children with tubes in order to avoid TTO or bacterial infection

195. Appendix Table B-3. Observational Studies of Masks in Healthcare Settings (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/masks-appendix-table-b-3-version-1.xlsx
     February 01, 2020 - Inclusion Criteria Sample Size Age (mean, years) Female % Healthcare Worker Type/Role Definition of HCW Infection … Proportion (%) of HCWs With Infections Results: Mask Use Versus Nonuse Results: Comparison of Mask Types … Study Limitations Alradaddi B et al 2016 Risk factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection … eye protection Not reported Potential recall bias Caputo K et al 2006 Intubation of SARS patients: infection … 2020 Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use 10-Apr-20 Journal of Hospital Infection

196. Untitled (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hepatitis-c_surveillance.pdf
     December 01, 2015 - Comparative Effectiveness Review Surveillance Program CER #76: Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection … , and Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. … Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults. CER # 76. … Clinical Microbiology and Infection 6.! JAMA Internal Medicine 7.! … Hepatic immune regulation and its involvement in viral hepatitis infection.

197. Untitled (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatitis-c_surveillance.pdf
     December 01, 2015 - Comparative Effectiveness Review Surveillance Program CER #76: Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection … , and Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. … Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults. CER # 76. … Clinical Microbiology and Infection 6.! JAMA Internal Medicine 7.! … Hepatic immune regulation and its involvement in viral hepatitis infection.

198. The Effectiveness of Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS) in Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/juvenile-arthritis-dmards/research-protocol
     March 09, 2010 - Adalimumab Humira TNF inhibitor biologic Yes infections cancer Anakinra … cancer Infliximab Remicade TNF inhibitor biologic No infections cancer … thrombosis aseptic meningitis Rilonacept Arcalyst IL-1 blocker biologic No infection … Tacrolimus (FK506) Prograf reduces T-cell and IL-2 activity nonbiologic No cancer infection … Specifically, we will examine mortality, malignancy, serious infection, hepatitis, bone marrow suppression

199. Masks-Appendix-Table-B-3-Surveillance-Report (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/Masks-appendix-table-b-3-surveillance-report.xlsx
     February 01, 2020 - Sample Size Age (mean, years) Female % Healthcare Worker Type/Role Definition of Healthcare Worker Infection … Proportion (%) of Healthcare Workers With Infections Results: Mask Use Versus Nonuse Results: Comparison … Study Limitations Alradaddi B et al 2016 Risk factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection … eye protection Not reported Potential recall bias Caputo K et al 2006 Intubation of SARS patients: infection … 2020 Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use 10-Apr-20 Journal of Hospital Infection

200. Masks-Appendix-Table-B-3-Version-2 (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/masks-appendix-table-b-3-version-2.xlsx
     February 01, 2020 - Sample Size Age (mean, years) Female % Healthcare Worker Type/Role Definition of Healthcare Worker Infection … Proportion (%) of Healthcare Workers With Infections Results: Mask Use Versus Nonuse Results: Comparison … Study Limitations Alradaddi B et al 2016 Risk factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection … eye protection Not reported Potential recall bias Caputo K et al 2006 Intubation of SARS patients: infection … 2020 Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use 10-Apr-20 Journal of Hospital Infection