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21. Environmental Cleaning for the Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/healthcare-infections/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - "hospital infection"/de ("health care acquired" next/1 (infection* OR pathogen*)) OR ("healthcare … acquired" next/1 (infection* OR pathogen*)) OR ("hospital acquired" next/1 (infection* OR pathogen*) … infection* OR pathogen*)) OR ("hospital associated" next/1 (infection* OR pathogen*)) (HAI OR HAIS … aureus infection" OR enterococcus OR "vancomycin resistant enterococcus" OR "enterococcal infection" … ) S2 AND (S3 OR S4) 6 Combine sets (infections and surfaces) S4 AND (contaminat* OR infection

22. Interventions to Improve Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/antibiotics-respiratory-infection/research-protocol
    December 01, 2020 - Key Question 2 For patients with an acute respiratory tract infection (RTI) and no clear indication … Key Question 3 For patients with an acute respiratory tract infection (RTI) and no clear indication … Key Question 4 For patients with an acute respiratory tract infection (RTI) and no clear indication … Populations Adult and pediatric patients with an acute respiratory tract infection (RTI) and no clear … https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/antibiotics-respiratory-infection/research-protocol

23. Health-Careassociated-Infections Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/health-careassociated-infections_executive.pdf
    November 01, 2012 - Eight of these articles reported on two types of infection, and one article report ed on three infections … Of these 88 articles, 5 articles reported on 2 types of infection, 3 articles reported on 3 infections … , and 1 article reported on 4 infections, for a total of 102 analyses; each infection is treated as … .16,32,36,52 Three studies analyzed adherence and infection rates for multiple individual infections … In general, within-infection results concur with the key results across infections displayed in Table

24. Clostridium difficile Infection Update | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/c-difficile-update/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - Unfortunately, protocols for targeted hospital acquired infections are not always congruent. … Available at: /sites/default/files/c-diff-infections-nomination-140925.pdf . … Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Clostridium difficile infections. … Treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. … Strategies to prevent Clostridium difficile infections in acute care hospitals.

25. Research Review Title: Infection Prevention and Control for the Emergency Medical Services and 911 Workforce (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ems-911-workforce-disposition-comments.pdf
    November 01, 2022 - The vast majority (29/30) of provider-level infections that occurred during the study period were deemed … and exposure investigation practices (Murphy et al, 2020) in preventing COVID-19 infections, in that … Additionally, the current messaging suggests the futility of PPE, yet only 3% of infections (one of … We also acknowledged that it was challenging to determine whether COVID-19 infections in EMS providers … also acknowledged that it was challenging to determine from the published studies whether COVID-19 infections

26. Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: Final Update of a Rapid, Living Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/version-3-immunity-after-COVID-19.pdf
    December 31, 2022 - wider availability of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and antigen tests to diagnose recent infections … that protection against symptomatic reinfection may be slightly less for individuals whose initial infections … study relied on frequent symptom surveys rather than routine surveillance with a NAAT to detect new infections … Unvaccinated: 107 days (3.5 months) Unvaccinated: 164 days (5.5 days) Delta (99.93% of all infections … Emerging Microbes & Infections. 2022 2022/12/31;11(1):793-803. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.204644

27. Making Healthcare Safer IV Rapid Review: Prevention in Adults of Infection With Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/mhs4-infection-prevention-mdro-rapid-research.pdf
    April 01, 2024 - - and device-related infections, including surgical site infections, catheter- associated urinary tract … infections, and central-line-associated bloodstream infections, as well as Clostridioides difficile … or colonization Infection for C diff, infection for MRSA, infection for VRE. … can reduce MDRO infections in certain populations Moderate Bundled infection prevention and control … Effectiveness of Infection Control Teams in Reducing Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Systematic

28. Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: A Living Rapid Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/immunity-after-covid/rapid-review
    April 01, 2023 - 10 12,345,502 Mild or asymptomatic initial infections may be associated with a higher risk of reinfection … Most studies did not perform protocolized follow-up testing designed to capture all incident infections … knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 are not sufficiently developed to distinguish which people with "asymptomatic infections … many of the studies used surveillance methods that were not adequate for detection of all asymptomatic infections … do or do not develop antibodies (or high titers of antibodies) after infection.

29. Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/hepatitis-c-screening/research
    December 01, 2019 - The purpose of this report is to systematically review the evidence on screening for HCV infection in … This report examines both direct evidence on the effects of screening for HCV infection compared to no … screening strategies based on the presence of risk factors miss some patients with HCV infection. … Screening for hepatitis C virus infection in adults: a systematic review to update the 2004 U.S. … Environmental, Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Hospital Resources to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Infections

30. Version 2_Risk of Reinfection From SARS-CoV-2 -- An Update of an Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: A Living Rapid Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/version-2-risk-of-reinfection-from-SARSCoV2_0.pdf
    December 31, 2022 - ; in vaccine studies, all incident infections are considered primary infections. … in the negative cohort), and rigor in assessing positivity of infection (whether asymptomatic infections … In the SIREN study, primary infection protected against both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections … percent for symptomatic infections versus 81.8 percent when asymptomatic infections were included.27 … in the negative cohort), and rigor in assessing positivity of infection (whether asymptomatic infections

31. Chlamydia Infections | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/chlamydia-infections
    Home Health Topics C Chlamydia Infections … U V W X Y Z Health Topics Chlamydia Infections … Women who have had chlamydia infections more than once are at higher risk of serious reproductive health … Babies born to infected mothers can get eye infections and pneumonia from chlamydia. … Antibiotics will cure the infection.

32. Screening for Hepatitis C | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/hepatitis-c-screening/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - in adults at high risk for infection. … and the proportion of HCV infections identified and missed with different screening strategies Include … incidence of HCV infection? … Does becoming aware of positive HCV infection status decrease high-risk behaviors? … intervention (KQ 7) Outcomes: Intermediate outcomes Number needed to screen; proportion of HCV infections

33. Closing the Quality Gap Series: Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/health-careassociated-infections/research
    December 01, 2019 - rates for central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), ventilator-associated pneumonia ( … VAP), surgical site infections (SSI), and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). … There were 63 analyses of infection rates, of which 42 (67%) showed significant improvement. … Project Timeline Closing the Quality Gap Series: Prevention of Health Care–Associated Infections … https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/health-careassociated-infections/research

34. Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/hepatitis-c/research
    December 01, 2019 - Home Evidence Reports Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection … SHARE: Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection … In patients with genotype 2 or 3 infection, trials found dual therapy with pegylated interferon for 12 … Comparative effectiveness of antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection in adults: a systematic … Project Timeline Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults Feb 14, 2011

35. Future Research Needs for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/c-difficile-future/research
    December 01, 2019 - Reports Future Research Needs for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection … Future Research Needs for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection … Excerpt Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a serious healthcare-associated infection and a growing … because polymerase chain reaction testing is rapidly becoming the standard diagnostic test for the infection … Project Timeline Future Research Needs for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection

36. Version-3-Immunity-After-Covid-19-Appendix-Table-B-1 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/version-3-immunity-after-COVID-19-appendix-table-B-1.xlsx
    January 24, 2022 - Comorbidities, N (%) Assay Type Assay Brand Definition of a positive test Frequency of Ab testing Primary infections … Male Sex/Gender, N (%) Comorbidities, N (%) Assay Type Assay Brand Frequency of Ab testing Primary infections … infection requiring hospitalization) Primary infections, N (%) Total: 2747 Symptomatic: 2041 (74)* … against repeat infections was calculated as 1 minus the ratio of infection rate for the initially positive … The prevalence of infections classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic was compared for primary infections

37. E. Coli Infections | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/e-coli-infections
    Coli Infections A B C D E F … Coli Infections Description E. coli is the name of a type of bacteria that lives in your intestines … You can get E. coli infections by eating foods containing the bacteria. … Symptoms of infection include Nausea or vomiting Severe abdominal cramps Watery or very bloody … Most cases of E. coli infection get better without treatment in 5 to 10 days.

38. Sepsis | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/sepsis
    September 08, 2023 - It happens when your body has an overwhelming immune response to a bacterial infection. … The chemicals released into the blood to fight the infection trigger widespread inflammation. … They also do lab tests that check for signs of infection. … Doctors try to treat the infection, sustain the vital organs, and prevent a drop in blood pressure. … Sometimes, surgery is needed to clear up an infection.

39. Coronavirus Infections | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/coronavirus-infections
    October 28, 2022 - Home Health Topics C Coronavirus Infections … U V W X Y Z Health Topics Coronavirus Infections … may include Runny nose Cough Sore throat Fever You may be able to reduce your risk of infection … There is no vaccine to prevent coronavirus infection. There are no specific treatments. … Rapid Evidence Product October 28, 2022 Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection

40. EHC Protocol: Addressing Social Isolation To Improve Health of Older Adults: A Rapid Evidence Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/making-healthcare-safer-IV.pdf
    August 04, 2023 - What is the frequency and severity of harms associated with healthcare associated infections and asymptomatic … safety measures or indicators have been used to examine the harm associated with healthcare associated infections … In the United States, more than 2.8 million antimicrobial-resistant infections occur each year and … patients for MRSA, CRE, C.auris, and C.difficile that focus on healthcare associated infections or … Strategies to prevent Clostridioides difficile infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 update.