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  1. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/fatigue-sleepiness-protocol.pdf
    July 01, 2023 - Criteria for Assessing Internal Validity of Individual Studies. U.S. … methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-vi-criteria- assessing-internal-validity-individual-studies … methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-vi-criteria-assessing-internal-validity-individual-studies … methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-vi-criteria-assessing-internal-validity-individual-studies … methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-vi-criteria-assessing-internal-validity-individual-studies
  2. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/mgmt-hnhc-patients-protocol.pdf
    November 07, 2019 - The first individual wrote, “As important as identifying high utilization/high cost patients is understanding … The second individual commented that being breastfed is a “potent heath indicator” and would like the … of bias ratings for outcomes from each study; they will also specify when the risk of bias for an individual … For individual studies, we will examine conditions that may limit applicability based on the PICOTS … The final report does not necessarily represent the views of individual reviewers.
  3. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/disparities-quality-improvement_executive.pdf
    August 01, 2012 - AHRQ expects that the EPC evidence reports and technology assessments will inform individual health … Quality Assessment We assessed the quality of individual studies using specific tools for each type … We rated individual studies as good, fair, or poor quality. … However, individual providers and patients retained the ability to select the treatment provided to … the individual patient.
  4. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/outcome-definition-and-measurement-chapter-6.pptx
    January 01, 2013 - A composite end point is often used when the individual events included in the score are rare and/or … power for a given sample size may be increased when such composite measures are used as compared with individual … of events into a larger category, the composite end point will occur more frequently than any of the individual … interpretable proxies for measuring cost Utility and preference-based measures Value placed by the individual … The term utility refers to the value placed by the individual on a particular health state.
  5. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/kidney-stone-prevention_research-protocol.pdf
    June 15, 2011 - o KQs 2 and 3: Dietary therapy – Specific individual or combined diet changes (e.g., intake of fluids … o KQs 4 and 5: Pharmacological therapy (see Table 1) – Trials of individual pharmacological agents … Criteria for Inclusion/Exclusion of Studies in the Review Individual studies meeting the PICOTS … Assessment of Methodological Quality of Individual Studies The primary and secondary abstractors … Study quality for the individual RCTs included in the systematic review will be evaluated by using
  6. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/genitourinary-symptoms-protocol_0.pdf
    July 10, 2023 - Systematic reviews that directly address a question in our review and assess ROB for included individualIndividual studies from included systematic reviews will be tracked for contribution to unique population … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies Risk of bias of eligible studies by … The final report does not necessarily represent the views of individual reviewers. … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies E. Data Synthesis F.
  7. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/grades-predictive-values_white-paper.pdf
    September 01, 2015 - AHRQ expects that the EPC evidence reports and technology assessments will inform individual health … In this sample, the EPC approach to GRADE could not reliably predict the likelihood that individual … Using information from the cumulative meta-analyses and information about individual studies from the … We relied on judgments of the Cochrane authors regarding risk of bias of individual trials. … The appendix provides more detail on the individual studies as presented in the Cochrane report.
  8. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/phenylketonuria_research-protocol.pdf
    March 29, 2011 - Assessment of Methodological Quality of Individual Studies Assessing Study Quality. … The quality of individual studies will be assessed by using specific assessment tools for each type … Risk of bias is derived from the quality assessment of the individual studies that addressed the KQ … Assessment of Methodological Quality of Individual Studies Assessing Study Quality. … The quality of individual studies will be assessed by using specific assessment tools for each type of
  9. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/radiation-therapy-brain-metases-protocol.pdf
    October 10, 2019 - Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: All included studies will be assessed … We anticipate that several outcomes of interest will be available only in individual studies: Even when … More granular analyses will be based on the available comparisons reported in individual studies. … Outcome domains and individual outcome measures were selected for their relevance and importance, and … The final report does not necessarily represent the views of individual reviewers.
  10. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/biorepositories-registries-guide-3rd-ed-addendum-white-paper.pdf
    February 01, 2018 - If obtaining tissue during a tumor resection, the process must consider the individual circumstances … to all specimens collected from that individual. … conducting research obtains data through intervention or interaction with the individual, or identifiable … ; the code could not be translated to identify the individual; and the covered entity under the Privacy … Additionally, under the revised rule, if an individual is asked to provide broad consent and declines
  11. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_6-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
    October 30, 2012 - Outcome Definition and Measurement clinicians about what comprises the individual categories and how … A composite endpoint is often used when the individual events included in the score are rare, and/or … PRO measures may be designed to measure the current state of health of an individual or to measure … The term utility refers to the value placed by the individual on a particular health state. … The task for the individual is to directly assign a degree of preference to that state.
  12. Hesse (pdf file)

    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/hesse.pdf
    January 01, 2010 - Coordination needed  between advocacy groups and  science o Quality control o No common vocabulary o Individual … Social Media (1) • Necessary Conditions o Independence of opinion o Method to poll/record vote o Individual
  13. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/continuous-outcomes-quantitative-synthesis_methods.pdf
    March 01, 2011 - pertinent information, i.e., in the context of available resources and circumstances presented by individual … If the individual standard deviations are not given but the SE of the mean difference is presented, … Alternatively, for variables with a skewed distribution, an individual study may transform the data … However, data needed for the second check for skewness often may not be reported in the individual … Thus, if an individual study reports the median for a variable of interest, the median can be used
  14. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/study-design-classification_research.pdf
    December 01, 2010 - The roles and credentials of individual members are listed in Appendix A. … The unit of analysis is the individual or the group, as appropriate. … The unit of analysis is the individual or the group, as appropriate. … Case Report Case reports present outcomes of individual cases (disease at an individual level) Often … Case Series Case series aggregate individual cases in one report.
  15. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/version-2-risk-of-reinfection-from-SARSCoV2_0.pdf
    December 31, 2022 - In most studies, however, reinfection was diagnosed when an individual had a positive PCR test following … That is, even if a reinfected individual is approximately twice as likely not to be vaccinated as a … matched individual who was not reinfected, doesn't mean a randomly chosen unvaccinated individual with … a prior infection was twice as likely as a similar but vaccinated individual to get a reinfection. … Our results do not in any way argue for infection rather than vaccination as a means of obtaining individual
  16. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/technical-brief-34-health-worker-certification-summary.pdf
    March 01, 2020 - Could shift the CHW model to that of disease management rather than one of individual- and community-capacity … May promote greater recognition among CHWs of the broad roles of CHWs in advancing individual and community
  17. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/antenatal-care.pdf
    January 01, 2020 - by number and timing of visits for uncomplicated pregnancies, including studies comparing group and individual … As feasible, we will evaluate different providers, group versus individual visits, and home versus clinic … Congruent with qualitative methods for individual studies, qualitative data extraction and synthesis … Assessment of Quality and/or Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: We will evaluate each … The final report does not necessarily represent the views of individual reviewers.
  18. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/disruptive-behavior-disorders-protocol.pdf
    January 31, 2023 - If possible, we will report treatment results based on psychiatric diagnoses at baseline for individual … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies: We will use predefined criteria to … Criteria for grading the risk of bias of individual studies Rating Description and Criteria Low • Least … We will also report the magnitude of effect for individual studies when not pooled, as data permit. … The final report does not necessarily represent the views of individual reviewers.
  19. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prehospital-airway-management-protocol.pdf
    December 20, 2019 - Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Individual Studies Predefined criteria will be used to … used will depend on the study design as recommended in the chapter, “Assessing the Risk of Bias of Individual … To determine whether meta-analyses are indicated, we will consider the quality of the individual studies … We will assess the applicability of individual studies as well as the applicability of a body of evidence … The final report does not necessarily represent the views of individual reviewers.
  20. effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/autism-update_disposition-comments.pdf
    August 06, 2014 - Thus, decisions effecting individual patients are still best made by the clinicians, who hopefully will … Methods and findings from individual studies appear accurate. … However, it is not always clear which is having the greatest impact on the individual. … It is true that because behavior occurs only at the level of the individual, most behavior analytic … Baseline and treatment phases are repeated with the same individual and/or other participants.

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