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  1. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary23/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-young-children-screening
    March 30, 2015 - We included trials and controlled observational studies regarding the effectiveness and harms of routine … Methodologic shortcomings included unclear methods of randomization and allocation concealment, 25–27 … c Some studies are included for >1 Key Question (KQ). d Includes 2 poor-quality studies. … were included for developmental test score outcomes, and 10 trials were included for hematological outcomes … For Key Question 2, 2 trials were included on harms of supplementation.
  2. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary11/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-december-2007
    December 15, 2007 - We identified 1 in-process RCT by its inclusion in a systematic review, and we included it once it was … Studies were excluded if they did not report outcomes by symptom status, included patients receiving … Most studies were excluded because they included only symptomatic persons, were not multisite, had no … Fourteen articles were ultimately included for key question 4 on the harms of carotid endarterectomy. … This is the final total of articles included in the evidence update.
  3. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/screening-for-hiv-in-adolescents-and-adults-evidence-summary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-2013
    November 20, 2012 - Limitations: Only English-language articles were included. Observational studies were included. … For key questions 1 and 2a, no studies were included. … For key question 2c, two cohort studies were included. … For key question 2d, five uncontrolled studies were included. … For key question 2e, two cohort studies were included.
  4. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2XRG8Dz2EegVWYUrRThgmD
    October 01, 2015 - Data Synthesis: 54 reviews were included. … Limitation: Evidence published after each review's last search date was not included. … We included only the most recent version of updated reviews. … We used the pooled point estimates presented in the included reviews when appropriate. … (i.e., based on included study designs, populations, setting, follow-up >6 mo, and outcomes).
  5. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary29/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening-nonpregnant-adolescents-adults-may-2014
    May 27, 2014 - We included only English-language articles and excluded studies published only as abstracts. … ‡ Some studies are included for >1 key question. … Key Questions 1, 2, 4, and 7 had no studies included. … One study was included in Key Question 3, 30 studies (in 31 publications) were included in Key Question … were included in Key Question 8, and 10 studies were included in Key Question 9.
  6. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/prostate-cancer-screening
    April 28, 2016 - Practice Center will use to search for publications and to determine whether identified studies should be includedIncluded Excluded Population KQs 1, 2, 5: Asymptomatic men * KQs 3, 4: Men with screen-detected … other harms   Study designs KQ 1: Randomized, controlled trials; systematic reviews (of included … of cancers detected). 2 , 3 ‡ Sample size of at least 1,000 men; smaller samples sizes will be included … effectiveness will cover 2011 through the present, the USPSTF will consider evidence from older trials included
  7. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/t6yV6ZMHngeWgmTsoMMefM
    March 01, 2009 - Only 2 of the 5 studies included women. … We accepted studies that included patients with a history of CVD or patients who were at very high risk … We ultimately included 4 studies, which we dis- cuss. … This meta-analysis included the Women’s Health Study and 5 older RCTs that were published before our … We have therefore not included the original RCT reports in this review.
  8. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_nVeFxDCT9L-_cnDf_V3fK
    July 17, 2018 - RESULTS Forty-three studies (N = 267 244) were included. … for KQ2 8 Articles (8 studies) included for KQ3 5 Articles (4 studies) included for KQ4 3 Articles … Study design: Study did not use an included design. Quality: Study was poor quality. … -89 Thirty-eight unique trials or cohorts are represented in the included literature. … Selected examples from included studies are pro- vided in Table 3.
  9. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening-2016
    April 05, 2016 - Trials that reported outcomes in patients with mild to moderate COPD included 2 trials of long-acting … For the treatment questions, the search included treatment efficacy literature for the following COPD … Because there were no trials in screen-detected or asymptomatic populations, the included population … Study design: study did not use an included design. … All other trials included patients with prior COPD diagnoses.
  10. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BhnZRA--TRpXdg9_tYmZ_M
    April 05, 2016 - Trials that reported outcomes in patients with mild to moderate COPD included 2 trials of long-acting … Data Synthesis and Analysis Data from the included studies were qualitatively examined to iden- tify … Study design: study did not use an included design. … Studies (Key Question 2) Risk Factors and Symptoms Included Source No. … All other trials included patients with prior COPD diagnoses.
  11. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/YSj5xRQc9DroH8gpUYsoFA
    December 01, 2007 - We identified 1 in-process RCT by its inclusion in a systematic review, and we included it once it was … Studies were excluded if they did not report outcomes by symptom status, included patients receiving … Most studies were excluded because they included only symptomatic persons, were not multisite, had no … Fourteen articles were ultimately included for key question 4 on the harms of carotid endarterectomy. … A recent meta-analysis by Nederkoorn and colleagues (26) included studies published from 1993 through
  12. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary2/dental-caries-in-children-from-birth-through-age-5-years-screening-2014
    June 15, 2013 - We included randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled clinical trials, and cohort studies … We also included an updated systematic review originally included in the 2004 USPSTF review of observational … See Table 1 for a list of quality ratings for the included randomized trials. … Xylitol was not an included intervention in the 2004 USPSTF review. … The update included 5 new observational studies on the association between early childhood intake of
  13. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary27/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction-2013
    April 15, 2013 - Only studies reporting discriminatory accuracy were included. … Other types of analyses and statistical models were not included 19 . … ” § Some studies are included in more than 1 key question. … The 21 women who declined were included in the analysis as declining tamoxifen. … Not included 0; ≥1 Biopsy: 0; 1; ≥2 Not included NR 0.58 (0.56–0.60) (ER+) 87 AH
  14. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan102/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening-2016
    May 15, 2014 - Practice Center will use to search for publications and to determine whether identified studies should be included … reduced exacerbations)   Study Designs KQs 1, 5, 7: RCTs, systematic reviews (of included … study designs) KQs 2, 3: RCTs, cohort studies, systematic reviews (of included study designs … large screening registry or database observational studies, cohort studies, systematic reviews (of included
  15. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan54/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
    April 17, 2014 - Practice Center will use to search for publications and to determine whether identified studies should be included … conducted as required to keep review current at time of publication) KQ 1: Systematic reviews (of included … controlled clinical trials; cohort studies; or case-control studies KQ 2: Systematic reviews (of included … case-control diagnostic accuracy studies, screening registry studies KQ 3: Systematic reviews (of included
  16. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/LPeJRBvvs9cM6vhHJazRXa
    Interventions categorized as low intensity included print- or web-based materials with tailored feedback … Medium- and high-intensity interventions commonly included face-to-face individual or group counseling
  17. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/unhealthy-alcohol-use-in-adolescents-and-adults-screening-and-behavioral-counseling-interventions
    November 13, 2018 - Results: One hundred thirteen studies (N = 314,466) were included. … One hundred thirteen studies (N = 314,466) were included. … Nineteen trials (28%) were included in the previous review. … Population: Study was not conducted in an included population. … Screener: Study did not use an included screener. Design: Study did not use an included design.
  18. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/TzddJozNQQZYmTohr64wMz
    June 07, 2016 - Non–English-language articles and studies published as abstracts were not included. … The target population included asymptomatic, sexually active men and women, including adolescents. … Studies of harms were included that compared screened vs unscreened populations. … for KQ1 0 Studies included for KQ2 5 Studies included for KQ3 0 Studies included for KQ4 0 Reviewed … Studies included high-prevalence populations.
  19. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/syphilis-infection-in-nonpregnant-adults-and-adolescents-june-2016
    June 07, 2016 - Non–English-language articles and studies published as abstracts were not included. … Studies of harms were included that compared screened vs unscreened populations. … A total of 9 studies were included. For Key Question 1, 4 observational studies were included. … studies were included relating to test accuracy. … Studies included high-prevalence populations.
  20. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review11/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-in-adults-screening-2008
    July 15, 2008 - for screened populations, systematic reviews; meta-analyses; and randomized, controlled trials were included … We included studies of adults 18 years of age or older from the United States and from other countries … For benefits of screening or treatment of screened populations, we included randomized, controlled trials … Data Synthesis and Analysis Data from included studies were synthesized qualitatively in a narrative … When the Cochrane review investigators included only the 3 studies that used a gestational age-based

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