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441. medication-assisted-treatment-protocol-160224 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/opioid-use-disorder_research-protocol.pdf
     February 24, 2016 - their first opioid of abuse was a prescribed opioid, not heroin.10 Challenges in the treatment of OUD include … Treatment programs that include both the medication and psychosocial components are more effective than … Psychosocial interventions address the psychosocial contributors to addiction and include strategies … Key Informants will include a concise group (<9) of researchers, clinicians, and representatives from … They may include clinical experts, patients, manufacturers, researchers, payers, or other perspectives

442. Disposition of Comments Report for Comparison of Characteristics of Nursing Homes and Other Residential Long-Term Care Settings for People With Dementia (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/dementia-nursing-home-characteristics_disposition-comments.pdf
     October 23, 2012 - TEP Reviewer #1 Executive Summary line 40: Processes or structures would also include special … We expanded this to include additional outcomes for informal caregivers. … May wish to include the term "universal workers "on pg. 8 line 16 for ALs. … For this reason, we do not include poor quality studies in our analysis. … We revised the objective as written in the abstract to include the focus on outcomes.

443. Untitled (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/infertility_research-protocol.pdf
     October 12, 2015 - women undergoing ART, accounting for 27.5% of cycles.11 Other common causes of female infertility include … Treatment options for male factor infertility include medical treatment of a diagnosed endocrinopathy … include!groups!differing!in:! o! ageO!race/ethnicityO!obesity/BMIO!ovarian!reserveO!history!of! … include!groups!differing!by!cause!of!male! infertility!(identified!hormonal!cause,!varicocele,! … include!patients!with!diagnostic!uncertainty!and!direct! comparison!of!test!results!with!an!

444. Diabetes Mellitus (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/diabetes-horizon-scan-high-impact-1406.pdf
     September 26, 2014 - Available: http://www.novonordisk.com/include/asp/exe_ne ws_attachment.asp? … Available: http://www.novonordisk.com/include/asp/exe_ne ws_attachment.asp? … Available: http://www.novonordisk.com/include/asp/exe_ne ws_attachment.asp? … Available: http://www.novonordisk.com/include/asp/exe_ne ws_attachment.asp? … Available: http://www.novonordisk.com/include/asp/exe_ne ws_attachment.asp?

445. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/gestational-diabetes-screening-diagnosis_research-protocol.pdf
     December 16, 2011 - issues, and an increased likelihood of developing diabetes later in life. 6 Risks for the fetus include … Population We will include studies that examine pregnant women ≥24 weeks’ or <24 weeks’ gestation … For KQ2, outcomes include short- and long-term maternal, fetal, and child morbidity and mortality as … Each report will be rated as “include,” “exclude,” or “unclear.” … We will not include outcomes that are only described qualitatively (e.g., “there was no difference

446. Physical Therapy for Knee Pain Secondary to Osteoarthritis Disposition of Comment Report (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/arthritis-knee-physical-therapy_disposition-comments.pdf
     November 06, 2012 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … Conversely the authors include "electrical stimulation" which is not a single intervention. … We did not include studies examining post-surgical PT treatments. … Options might include bolding the stronger evidence (e.g. … Table F12 (appendix) does not include units. Intensity of intervention ranges from 1-5.

447. Assessing-The-Risk-Of-Bias-In-Systematic-Reviews-Of-Health-Care-Interventions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/assessing-the-risk-of-bias-in-systematic-reviews-of-health-care-interventions-01.pdf
     May 01, 2005 - Key recommendations include transparency and reproducibility of judgments, separating risk of bias from … This requires the review’s protocol to include clear definitions of the types of biases that will be … The lack of agreement on what constructs to include in risk-of-bias assessment stems from two issues … Published reviews should also include justifications of all post hoc decisions to limit synthesis of … Teams should include methods and content experts.

448. Fatty-Acids-Cardiovascular-Disease Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/fatty-acids-cardiovascular-disease_research-protocol.pdf
     April 02, 2015 - Current biomarkers used to estimate n-3 FA intake include ALA, EPA, DHA, and, less frequently, SDA and … Compared with the key questions from the 2004 reports, they expand the scope of the review to include … The interventions and exposures have been expanded to include n-3 FA biomarkers. … • We expect to include at least 50 RCTs • We will choose RCTs based on a combination of sample … We will also include questions pertinent to issues related to causality.

449. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/antiplatelet-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
     November 22, 2011 - Alternatives to standard clopidogrel treatment include higher-dose clopidogrel regimes and use of other … These include rapid (point-of-care) platelet function assays (e.g., VerifyNow, PFA-100, Plateletworks … Other potential modifiers of the utility of genetic and phenotypic test results include the specific … Potential test-and-treat strategies will include testing for CYP2C19 genetic variants, testing for … Design characteristics include methods of population selection and sampling and followup duration.

450. Disposition of Comments Report for Antinuclear Antibody, Rheumatoid Factor, and Cyclic-Citrullinated Peptide Tests for Evaluating Musculoskeletal Complaints in Children (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/musculoskeletal-complaints-tests-children_disposition-comments.pdf
     March 07, 2012 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … It would include clinicians (who wish to use the ANA, RF or CCP tests in specific clinical situations … They used the title and abstract to include (including the unsure articles) or exclude articles. … The researchers identified 10,512 citations and were able to include only 29 in the review based on … The registries do not include children with MSK pain, which was our target audience.

451. Disposition of comments for CER 169 Low Back Pain (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/back-pain-treatment_disposition-comments.pdf
     February 29, 2016 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … Does this mean they disappeared by longer-term follow-ups or that the studies did not include longer … (Of course this must be done also for a number of meta- analysis if they include weak articles.) … As described in the Methods, we did not include non-RCTs for evaluating effectiveness. … As described in the Methods, we did not include non-RCTs for evaluating effectiveness.

452. Disposition of Comments Report for The Patient-Centered Medical Home (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/patient-centered-medical-home_disposition-comments.pdf
     July 03, 2012 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … Rigorous and scientific rational about studies to include were used and in my opinion the appropriate … The authors are correct in their emphasis on studies that include large proportions of patients in a … Examples include several excluded studies by Katon et al. (adult depression), Lorig et al. … Include the work of Homer et al.

453. Disposition of Comments CER 185 Tympanostomy Tubes in Children With Otitis Media (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/tympanostomy-tubes-disposition.pdf
     May 05, 2017 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … The number of studies that include each comparison is indicated next to each edge (connecting lines … We agree with the reviewer that clinical decision making should include an assessment of individual … Edited to read "The point estimates suggest that interventions that include adenoidectomy (TT with … The forest plots include data from RCTs only. Text edited to clarify this point.

454. Disposition of Comments CER 185 Tympanostomy Tubes in Children With Otitis Media (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/tympanostomy-tubes-disposition.pdf
     May 05, 2017 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … The number of studies that include each comparison is indicated next to each edge (connecting lines … We agree with the reviewer that clinical decision making should include an assessment of individual … Edited to read "The point estimates suggest that interventions that include adenoidectomy (TT with … The forest plots include data from RCTs only. Text edited to clarify this point.

455. Assessing the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies in Systematic Reviews of Health Care Interventions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-bias-individual-studies_methods.pdf
     March 01, 2012 - The lack of agreement on what constructs to include in risk-of-bias assessment stems from two sources … Table 1 illustrates which constructs to include for each systematic review task when systematic reviews … One should suspect reporting bias if the study report fails to include results for a key outcome that … The assessment must include a minimum of two reviewers per study with a third to serve as arbitrator … Published reviews must include risk-of-bias criteria and should describe the 13 selected tools

456. Disposition of Comments for Technical Brief 23 Genetic Testing (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/genetic-testing-developmental-disabilities_disposition-comments.pdf
     June 30, 2015 - There is no other obvious reason to include these, but not others. … These include references #3 and 4, and an article by Curry et al. … We think it is appropriate to include the two tests in the report. … So we deem it appropriate to include those 6 tests in this report. … The report is not intended to include every DD condition.

457. Disposition of Comments for Evidence Report 224 Omega-3 Fatty Acids (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/omega-3-maternity_disposition-comments.pdf
     October 12, 2016 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … We did not intend to emphasize associations over causal relationships, although we did intend to include … As agreed upon with ODS and AHRQ as well as the Technical Expert Panel, we did not include studies … The list of studies is comprehensive and doesn't include studies that should have been excluded. … We now include these two references in the appendix that lists studies included from the original

458. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/diabetes-update-2015_disposition-comments.pdf
     January 01, 2015 - We did not include sulfonylurea-based combinations except for metformin; therefore, we did not include … figures-- currently they do not include insulin comparisons, but text does? … We did not include first generation sulfonylureas in the systematic review. … Please revise the text to include this caveat. We have changed this wording. … Why include observational studies for long-term but not for intermediate?

459. Disposition of Comments Report for Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/atrial-fibrillation_disposition-comments.pdf
     June 28, 2013 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … The references at the end of the ES are incomplete (obviously do not include all the papers referenced … TEP #1 ES (General) Additional concerns include: 1. … We have modified these sentences to include calcium channel blockers as well. … We now include discussion of the heterogeneity findings for the reported meta-analyses.

460. Lung-Cancer-Nonsurgical-Therapies Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/lung-cancer-nonsurgical-therapies_executive.pdf
     June 01, 2013 - Other presenting symptoms include hemoptysis, malaise, weight loss, dyspnea, and hoarseness. … Symptoms from distant metastases may also be present and include neurological defect or personality … We limited the gray literature to include only phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through … Those could include relative convenience and cost, issues outside the scope of this CER. … Important outcomes of therapy include overall survival, AEs, and QOL. 22 References 1.