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21. Study Eligibility Criteria (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/study-eligibility-criteria.ppt
    January 01, 2000 - Include studies in foreign languages? … Include studies conducted in other countries but published in English? … Include “grey” or “fugitive” literature? Include year of publication? … Include observational studies? If so, what specific types? What is the value of a case series? … Treatments vary and include drugs, surgery, and behavioral interventions.

22. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/disparities-quality-improvement_research-protocol.pdf
    February 23, 2012 -  Interventions: Interventions will include quality improvement strategies. … Examples include: physician reminder systems, facilitated relay of clinical data to providers, audit …  Settings: We will include strategies conducted in or based out of a hospital, provider … Studies should identify and include a target and a referent (i.e., comparison) group. … The team will not include studies that overlap with the topic areas and specific interventions that

23. Schedule of Visits and Use of Telemedicine for Routine Antenatal Care: A Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/antenatal-care.pdf
    January 01, 2020 - In the U.S., current recommendations include 12 to 14 office-based visits for low-risk pregnant patients … We will include only studies from high-income countries since the context of routine antenatal care … We will include telemedicine visits that, at least to some extent, approximate in-person visits and … that include direct two-way communication between the patients and their providers. … Other factors may include the age and geographic location of the study.

24. Telehealth-Protocol-150811 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/telehealth_research-protocol.pdf
    August 11, 2015 - This description may include graphic presentation of these key characteristics. … This literature map will include 1) a description of the currently available systematic reviews, 2) … These include a recent high-profile systematic review by Bashshur et al.9 and two “systematic reviews … The KIs include the perspectives of patients and consumers, clinicians, policymakers and payers, and … To qualify as a systematic review, a study must include a search of one or more citation databases,

25. Diagnosis and Management of Gout: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/gout_clinician.pdf
    January 01, 2017 - Treatments for gout attacks include nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, and … Nonpharmacological methods advocated for managing hyperuricemia in patients with gout include weight … developed and validated with patients first identified in primary care and whose diagnosis did not include … an MSU assessment. �– The Diagnostic Rule: The diagnostic components of this algorithm include clinical … PMID: 20625017). �– Clinical Gout Diagnosis: The diagnostic components of this algorithm include clinical

26. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol: Malnutrition in Hospitalized Adults (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/malnutrition-hospitalized-adults-protocol.pdf
    October 19, 2020 - Risk factors of interest to this report include: • Older patients (>65 years) • Racial and ethnic … The search date range for studies addressing key question 1 (outcomes of malnutrition) will include … For KQ 3, we will include randomized trials. 4. … Examples of excluded interventions include but are not limited to ambulatory clinic follow-up visits … The confounders of interest include age, gender, comorbidities, and illness severity.

27. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/weight-gain-prevention_research-protocol.pdf
    January 01, 2020 - In addition to 1 year, specific timepoints of interest include 2, 5 and 10 years of follow-up when … □ We will include studies of adults for KQ1-5. … □ We will include studies of caloric substitutes, such as olestra or artificial sweeteners. … □ We will include studies with any sample size from any year that meet all other criteria. … Reasons for exclusion will include: studies that did not include humans, studies clearly listed as a

28. Trauma Informed Care (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-informed-care-protocol.pdf
    April 19, 2023 - Components directed at patients or clients may include 1) screening for trauma exposure 2) referral … Structural components may include 1) establishing internal steering committees to guide trauma-informed … Based on the comments, we updated both Key Questions (KQ) to include organizational characteristics, … Settings Include any healthcare or social service setting which may incorporate services intending to … An imprecise estimate is one for which the confidence interval is wide enough to include clinically

29. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ear-infection_research-protocol.pdf
    August 07, 2012 - AOM on the other hand, while it may include Eustachian tube dysfunction and middle ear fluid, it must … include signs of acute inflammation or infection. … Treatment options include: a. Tympanostomy tubes b. … Subgroups include: a. Patients of different age groups b. … Adults: Search all literature from 1948 forward and only include all RCTs.

30. Mixed MethodsReview -Integrating Palliative Care with Chronic Disease Management in Ambulatory Care (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/palliative-care-research-amended-protocol.pdf
    November 21, 2019 - Populations with serious life-threatening chronic illness of key interest for palliative care include … ACP guides, which may include advance directive forms, patient and clinician educational materials, … Key barriers to integrating these in ambulatory settings include lack of clinician time and support … Key models include consultative care (where patients are referred to specialty palliative care when … Key Informants We will include Key Informants for the part (c) Key Questions.

31. Telehealth for Acute and Chronic Care Consultations (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/telehealth-acute-chronic_research-protocol.pdf
    February 15, 2017 - The characteristics include: a. Clinical conditions addressed. … These can include broad categories such as diagnosis and treatment of infectious disease or specific … We will access existing systematic reviews, and include their results if appropriate. … Designs may include trials, cohort studies, natural experiments, and pre-post designs. … Training/education interventions that do not include a patient.

32. AHRQ Slide Template 2009 (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/selecting-evidence.ppt
    January 01, 2010 - Next, we will address when it is appropriate to include observational studies in CERs. … There are different considerations for deciding whether to include observational studies in assessments … In such situations, observational studies may be important to include. … These assessments can guide reviewers when considering whether or not to include observational studies … Reviewers should routinely include head-to-head and placebo-controlled RCTs in assessing harms.

33. AHRQ Slide Template 2009 (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/selecting-evidence.ppt
    January 01, 2010 - Next, we will address when it is appropriate to include observational studies in CERs. … There are different considerations for deciding whether to include observational studies in assessments … In such situations, observational studies may be important to include. … These assessments can guide reviewers when considering whether or not to include observational studies … Reviewers should routinely include head-to-head and placebo-controlled RCTs in assessing harms.

34. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/glaucoma-screening_research-protocol.pdf
    November 16, 2010 - intraocular pressure as a screening effectiveness outcome and will also include outcomes such as … This review will also include a summary of the diagnostic accuracy of screening examinations/tests … Studies that include sensitivity and specificity values only will also be considered. … Harms related to overdiagnosis We will also include a discussion of other potential benefits of … The titles and abstracts will be classified as “include”, “exclude,” or “unsure.”

35. Template for Reports Developed (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/menopause_research-protocol.pdf
    March 25, 2012 - RCTs with active comparator Include Meta-analyses/systematic reviews Include Observational studies … RCTs with active comparator Include Meta-analyses/systematic reviews Include Observational studies … RCTs with active comparator Include Meta-Analyses/systematic reviews Include Observational studies … Include Single arm/case series Include Case reports (life-threatening events) Include Minimum … RCTs with active comparator Include Meta-analyses/systematic reviews Include Observational studies

36. Tools to (Semi) Automate Evidence Synthesis (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/AI-tools-protocol.pdf
    August 15, 2023 - Specific eligibility criteria include: 2 Domain • Any aspect of ESP production, including … • Include any publicly available tool that can be accessed via the Internet (for download or direct … • Include free-standing tools or those embedded within (or used via) coding languages (or other software … • Include studies of any tool evaluated across multiple datasets (i.e., real or simulated search … Search terms will include terms for ESPs (systematic review, scoping review, evidence map, etc.) and

37. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/labor-nitrous-oxide_research-protocol.pdf
    August 24, 2011 - Alternatives/comparators to nitrous oxide include: epidural analgesia/anesthesia; systemic drugs such … o Nonpharmacologic pain relief methods include, but are not limited to, acupuncture, aromatherapy, … Timing Intermediate outcomes will include associated labor outcomes. … Long-term outcomes will include associated birth outcomes. … We will also focus the review on studies published in English; included studies may include non–U.S

38. EHC Technical Brief 32: Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/tech-brief-32-pharm-non-pharm-ptsd.pdf
    May 14, 2019 - We have updated this line to include the DSM-IIIR and DSM-IV-TR. … Interventions also include complementary and integrative approaches. … We have updated this section to include the DSM-IIIR and DSM-IV-TR. … to include in a database. … Future expansion of this project may include adding such studies.

39. Environmental, Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Hospital Resources to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Infections (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prevent-hai-protocol.pdf
    April 16, 2024 - For devices and items that are used more than once, we will include products that are approved as reusable … KIs were queried about the types of items and devices to include and how to categorize and prioritize … them, the settings to include, the health, economic, and environmental outcomes that are most relevant … Environmental impact (Global, national, or regional perspective) Outcomes include but are not limited … Factors to be abstracted will include: • Patient population (age; sex; primary diagnosis; time since

40. Lysosomal-Storage-Diseases-Therapies Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/lysosomal-storage-diseases-therapies_research-protocol.pdf
    November 15, 2012 - Clinical outcomes potentially affected by ERT include survival, quality of life and ability to perform … The latter will include information culled from pharmaceutical companies, patient advocacy groups, and … Discussions with Key Informants The Key Informants include both content experts as well as patients … The physical symptoms may include the same as the severe form, but are milder in nature. … Symptoms include anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal disorders and lung and kidney impairment.