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161. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ptsd-adult-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
     December 20, 2011 - Some traumatic events that are directly experienced include military combat, violent personal assault … Subgroups of people with PTSD that could have differences in their response to various treatments include … ○ Subgroups of interest include military personnel or veterans, people with comorbid conditions, … We will not include observational studies with a sample size of less than 500 or for other KQs due … If we include any meta-analyses with considerable statistical heterogeneity in this report, we will

162. Methods Research Report: Improving Health Systems' Access to High-Quality Evidence: AHRQ EPC 2018 Pilot Projects Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-report-improving-health-systems-access.pdf
     August 01, 2019 - Key themes include— Improving Uptake Products were generally well received because they displayed … Some additional elements that may be needed by health systems include EtD framework elements such as … GRADE table of SOE grades: (Summarizes the body evidence for selected outcomes and include the GRADE … (include letters/emails of support) Include proposed role for health system individual. … This should include information about uptake and use of EPC report by health system, recommendations

163. Vitamin-D-Calcium-Protocol-130611 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/vitamin-d-calcium_research-protocol.pdf
     September 13, 2013 - Studies that include broad populations might include some individuals with diseases or who are at risk … Studies that include a broad population that might include some people with diseases of concern—for … For upper limit (adverse event [AE]) outcomes, we will include any adverse effects of high intake in … Items to be assessed include eligibility criteria and sampling of the study population, blinding of … cancer outcomes, the additional criteria include diagnostic ascertainment.

164. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/osteoporosis-bone-fracture_research-protocol.pdf
     May 14, 2010 - In addition to fractures, the clinical complications of osteoporosis include disability and chronic … size, and it is not used for persons over the age of 50.4 Risk factors for osteoporotic fracture include … We will include non-English articles. KQ1 and KQ2. … We will also include reports of post hoc analyses and open-label extensions of trials. KQ3. … The need to include observational studies will also be carefully assessed according to the guidelines

165. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/trauma-child-interventions_research-protocol.pdf
     March 26, 2012 - To provide a comprehensive review, we include all intervention domains for questions of prevention as … These medications include risperidone and quetiapine. … Medications in this class include clonazepam, diazepam, alprazolam, and lorazepam. … Treatment modules include Home and Community Based Services, Services Advocacy, Emotional Regulation … We have changed several characteristics in KQ 3 to include rural/urban location and sex instead of

166. Disposition of Comments Report for CER 203 ADHD (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-203-adhd-disposition-comments.pdf
     January 01, 2018 - We have updated the abbreviation list to include the missing abbreviations/definitions. … We now include additional details about the qualitative synthesis methods. 70. … We now include the specific end date for our review in the text. … We now include the gold standard used for the different diagnostic studies in Table 8. … As described above, we did not include study designs that have a high risk of bias.

167. Hip-Fracture-Pain Consumer (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hip-fracture-pain_consumer.pdf
     May 01, 2011 - Some of these include: Acetaminophen. … Common side effects of opioid analgesics include: � Nausea, vomiting, and constipation. … Some of the common side effects of NSAIDs include: � Dizziness. � Nausea. � Diarrhea. … These other treatments include: � Nerve blocks. � Traction. � Acupressure.

168. Disposition of Comments_Technical Brief No. 45: Long COVID Models of Care (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/long-covid-disposition-comments.pdf
     January 01, 2022 - The list should be longer to include dysautonomia, post-Lyme, etc. … Please include this as a possible outcome when listing duration of Long COVID. … Clinical specialties represented should also include rheumatology and immunology. … Clinical specialties represented should also include rheumatology and immunology. … These include: Universal masking with quality N-95 or better respirators where ever possible.

169. Development of Harmonized Outcome Measures for Use in Patient Registries and Clinical Practice: Methods and Lessons Learned (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/white-paper-standardized-library.pdf
     February 01, 2019 - This virtual activity yielded valuable information on which measures to include in the MMS; however, … • FHIR resources for additional relevant events: These might include procedures, encounters, etc … : sclerotherapy, endovenous thermal ablation Surgical treatments include: ligation and stripping, … Of these 5, 2 include other forms of cancer. … : NSAIDs, acetaminophen, duloxetine Injections include: cortisone, hyaluronic acid Surgery may include

170. Updating the Measurement Criteria for AHRQ’s National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report (NHQDR) (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/updating-criteria-qdr-protocol-amendment.pdf
     December 28, 2023 - areas of strengths and weaknesses using measures related to priority areas of healthcare quality that include … The NHQDR audience include but is not limited to Congress, policymakers, quality improvement professionals … Sources include patient surveys, provider surveys, administrative data from facilities, and medical … Settings of care covered in the report include ambulatory care, health centers, emergency departments … They may include clinical experts, patients, manufacturers, researchers, payers, or other perspectives

171. Interventions to Improve Care of Bereaved Persons (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/bereaved-persons-protocol.pdf
     June 01, 2023 - Emotions related to grief can include feelings of deep sadness, longing, and shock.2 There are a range … and classified as a formal disorder in the DSM-V TR in 2022.7 Symptoms of prolonged grief disorder include … Potential consequences of this medicalization of grief include the overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and … We will include a range of study designs, but studies will need to report on a comparator. … However, the screening and diagnostic strategies will unlikely include RCTs.

172. Microsoft Word - cognitive-decline-protocol-160322.docx (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cognitive-decline_research-protocol.pdf
     March 22, 2016 - Specific etiologies of neurocognitive disorders include Alzheimer’s disease and many other less common … Nonmodifiable risk factors include age, sex, race/ethnicity, and family history. … Modifiable risk or protective factors may include diet, physical activity, education and intellectual … We will include a Key Question (KQ) examining the association between the intermediate and the onset … We will include studies designed to address the effect of improving sleep on cognitive decline.

173. Slide 1 (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/module_iv1.ppt
     October 08, 2025 - Challenges identified by researchers and AHRQ staff related to engaging stakeholders include identifying … Alternative forums might include individual interviews or written testimonies, web-based discussions, … These include: Professional colleagues and networks Professional societies and associations AHRQ … Possible strategies and tools for preparing stakeholders include:   Address logistical concerns. … Include what is not expected, as well as what is expected.

174. Untitled (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/field-triage-glascow_research-protocol.pdf
     February 25, 2016 - trained emergency personnel, including physicians and nurses.4,20,23 Data on ease of use or usability include … mGCS using a cutoff score of ≤5 to indicate persons who require high level trauma care, but will include … •   KQ 3: Randomized trials; if few studies then also include cohort and case- control studies … If there is insufficient head-to-head evidence, we will also include studies that evaluate either the … For Key Questions 1, 2 and 4, we will include studies that report head to head comparisons of the mGCS

175. Dementia-Agitation-Aggression Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/dementia-agitation-aggression_research-protocol.pdf
     November 13, 2014 - Examples of general behavioral measurement instruments include the NPI (and its variants NPI-C, NPI-Q … Prospective studies must include a comparator and appropriate methods to correct for selection bias. … Studies specifically addressing treatment harms may also include retrospective cohort studies. … Systematic reviews must include risk of bias assessment with validated tools. … Relevant grey literature resources include trial registries and funded research databases.

176. Bladder-Cancer-Non-Muscle-Invasive Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/bladder-cancer-non-muscle-invasive_research-protocol.pdf
     July 21, 2014 - term follow up.4 The most common risk factor for bladder cancer is smoking, though other risk factors include … These include the stage of the cancer, tumor grade, whether the tumor is an initial tumor or a recurrence … : • Any duration of follow-up Settings Include: • Inpatient settings • Outpatient settings … Information that will be abstracted that is relevant for assessing applicability will include the number … “Low risk of bias” studies include clear descriptions of the population, setting, interventions, and

177. Nonpharmacological Versus Pharmacological Treatment for Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/major-depressive-disorder_clinician.pdf
     September 01, 2016 - Other treatment options that may be considered include psychological interventions, CAM approaches, … Psychological interventions may include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy, … Commonly used CAM therapies include acupuncture, meditation, omega-3 fatty acids, s-adenosyl-l-methionine … who do not achieve remission after first-step therapy with an SGA, second-step treatment options include … * For patients who do not achieve remission after first-step therapy, treatment options include switching

178. Disposition of Comments Report for CER 207 on PTSD (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-207-ptsd-disposition-comments.pdf
     May 17, 2018 - We did not include any high risk of bias studies in our meta analyses or SOE gradings. … Peer Reviewer 1 Methods Why did this SR not include sensitivity analyses like the 2013 SR? … We did not include Cronbach’s alpha as a measure of reliability. … We only include studies that included information to calculate an effect size. … Peer Reviewer 3 Discussion This decision to include partial PTSD is quirky and unnecessary.

179. AHRQ’s Evidence-based Practice Center Program Synthesizing evidence to improve health care practice and delivery (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/epc-synthesizing-evidence-improve.pdf
     July 01, 2020 - Some issues covered by the Guide include: Issue Guide Chapter (s) Identifying and selecting topics for … Areas of interest include complex interventions; tools to improve the efficiency of reviews, such as

180. Dispostion of Comments Report for Child and Adolescent Exposure to Trauma (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-child-interventions_disposition-comments.pdf
     February 11, 2013 - The tables below include the responses by the authors of the review to each comment that was submitted … This would include more careful consideration of why the intervention used for child maltreatment or … In such instance, the key decisions/questions would include: 1) “Is there evidence enough to support … Also, information from any study that reports on these factors is important to include. … There were several other studies with low n’s that we did not include.