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Showing results for "how to do a case study".

301. Layout 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-cancer-medications_executive.pdf
     September 01, 2009 - This therapy is sometimes referred to as “chemoprevention” in the literature, although this is not a … and examine how benefits and harms vary by age, breast cancer risk status, and other factors. … The term “medications to reduce risk” is a better representation of the intervention and therefore, all … How do outcomes for tamoxifen citrate, raloxifene, and tibolone when used for primary prevention of breast … estrogen receptor modulators ( How

302. S89 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s89.pdf
     October 01, 2007 - The analysis highlights both theoretical and operational issues, including how to (1) choose appropriate … How- ever, a priori, we do not hypothesize that seizures or throm- bocytopenia are biologically plausible … Evaluation Using Historical Data To illustrate how the system may perform, we applied the technique … to identify a true signal. … To do this, we will use secondary definitions of exposed and unexposed groups, evaluate temporal clustering

303. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/juvenile-arthritis-dmards_disposition-comments.pdf
     September 01, 2011 - Therefore, we do not compare the amount and quality of evidence to the treatment of other rare but … that the instrument most often used – CHAQ – does not do a good job of capturing how kids are really … As a clinician, I want to know how best to treat an individual patient with a defined subtype of JIA … Points out how little information is available to help with informed decision making. … phenotype, with some suggestions on how to tackle this.

304. A Prospective Comparison of Evidence Synthesis Search Strategies Developed With and Without Text-Mining Tools (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-results-search-strategies-developed-with-without-text-mining-tools.pdf
     March 01, 2021 - (2) How do TMTs affect the sensitivity and yield of searches? … (2) How do TMTs affect the sensitivity and yield of searches? … In order to understand how TMT librarians were using the tools, we asked for a brief description of … Another limitation has to do with variations in how librarians operationalized time recording and search … 'Clustering' documents automatically to support scoping reviews of research: a case study.

305. Layout 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/type-2-diabetes-medications-2007_executive.pdf
     January 01, 2007 - There were too few studies to support any conclusions about how mortality differed between the medications … There were too few studies to support any conclusions about how cardiovascular morbidity or mortality … No cases of macular edema were identified in the studies reviewed; however, case reports were excluded … Data were too sparse to draw conclusions about how the incidence of edema may differ between other oral … Cardiovascular Low to very low There were too few studies to support any conclusions about how morbidity

306. Newer Medications for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Associated With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prostatic-hyperplasia-medications_research-protocol.pdf
     April 21, 2015 - In general, the figure illustrates how newer medications work in men with LUTS/BPH to improve LUTS, … Do not use justification as “because the AE/TOO/TEP/Peer reviewer told us to” but explain what the … Technical Experts do not do analysis of any kind nor do they contribute to the writing of the report … They have not reviewed the report, except as given the opportunity to do so through the peer or public … (addresses or autobiography or bibliography or biography or case reports or clinical conference or

307. Dispostion of Comments Report for Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hepatitis-c-screening_disposition-comments.pdf
     November 27, 2012 - none of these efforts will make a meaningful difference if we do not broaden screening to detect many … An essential point will be for this review to help us determine in whom and how frequently do patients … I have to do some sleuthing to find it. … • At-risk people do not know that they are at risk or how to prevent becoming infected. … • Many health-care providers do not screen people for risk factors or do not know how to manage infected

308. Breastfeeding and Health Outcomes for Infants and Children (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breastfeeding-health-outcomes-protocol-amendment.pdf
     February 03, 2025 - How do these associations vary by intensity (including exclusivity), duration, and mode of feeding, … developed countries if the reported data allow us to do so. … They do not review the report, except as given the opportunity to do so through the peer or public review … Technical Experts do not do analysis of any kind; neither do they contribute to the writing of the report … They do not review the report, except as given the opportunity to do so through the peer or public review

309. Template for Reports Developed (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/c-difficile-future_research.pdf
     October 26, 2012 - Key questions and summary of results from CER Key Question Summary Results 1) How do different methods … How do different methods for detection of toxigenic CD compare in their sensitivity, specificity, … How do different methods for detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile to assist with diagnosis … How do prevention and treatment of CDI affect resistance of other pathogens? 4. … How do different methods for detection of toxigenic CD compare in their sensitivity, specificity,

310. Whole-Body Vibration Therapy for Osteoporosis (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/osteoporosis-vibration-therapy_technical-brief.pdf
     January 01, 2020 - What medical claims about effectiveness have been made, and how do they compare to what is available … The out-of-pocket costs may affect whether, where, and how often a consumer uses a whole-body vibration … What information do clinicians and patients need to know to make informed decisions about whole-body … What information do clinicians and patients need to know when to use alternative therapeutic options … (English language and humans and yr="2000 -Current") (127) 19 limit 18 to (case reports or editorial

311. Liver-Cancer-Therapy Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/liver-cancer-therapy_research-protocol.pdf
     November 28, 2012 - Studies will be excluded for KQs 1–3 if they:  Are non-English language  Are case reports that … do not report on a severe adverse event  Are editorials or literature reviews  Have treatment dates … How should meta-regression analyses be undertaken and interpreted? … How to formulate research recommendations. BMJ 2006 October 14, 2006;333(7572):804-6. … Technical Experts do not do analysis of any kind nor contribute to the writing of the report and have

312. Disposition of Comments for Chronic Urinary Retention: Comparative Effectiveness and Harms of Treatments (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/chronic-urinary-retention_disposition-comments.pdf
     September 15, 2014 - The differentiation of obstruction from DU is often paramount in deciding if and how to treat a patient … I do not think the study design allows that conclusion. … We have revised the text to clarify the findings of this study and added text to describe how PVR was … I do not think that the conclusions of the manuscript as constructed and be used to inform policy and … A presentation describing how the key questions were selected will help to fend off criticisms for

313. celiac-disease-protocol-140612 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/celiac-disease_research-protocol.pdf
     June 12, 2014 - Finally, in response to a comment about how previously negative testing affects test accuracy, we added … Question 3: How do accuracy, (sensitivity, specificity, LR+, LR-, summary ROCs) and outcomes differ … Case reports will be excluded for all KQs. … Technical Experts do not do analysis of any kind nor do they contribute to the writing of the report … They have not reviewed the report, except as given the opportunity to do so through the peer or public

314. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/undescended-testicle_research-protocol.pdf
     September 02, 2011 - to locate a testis with imaging should preclude the need for surgery as it indicates a lack of a potentially … study design and other criteria) Admissible designs All study designs will be considered, except case … reports For KQ1 and KQ2, single-arm studies may be included For KQ3 and KQ4, studies must use … Technical Experts do not do analysis of any kind nor contribute to the writing of the report and have … not reviewed the report, except as given the opportunity to do so through the public review mechanism

315. Horizon-Scan Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/horizon-scan_research-protocol.pdf
     December 01, 2011 - reports, or press releases? … Their perspectives include their vision and plans for how they intend to carry out diffusion of a technology … News, information on issues & advocacy efforts, case studies on various technologies AdvaMed SmartBrief … How convinced are you about its potential to improve patient outcomes? … do you think [Horizon Scanning topic] has to disrupt how patients are managed and how clinicians and

316. Decision Modeling (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-decision-modeling.ppt
     June 01, 2012 - is appropriate is to define how the test will be used. … When is measuring sensitivity and specificity sufficient to evaluate a diagnostic test, and when do we … When is measuring sensitivity and specificity sufficient to evaluate a diagnostic test, and when do we … Specific instructions on how to do so are outside the scope of this training module but can be found … When is measuring sensitivity and specificity sufficient to evaluate a diagnostic test, and when do we

317. Decision Modeling (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-decision-modeling.ppt
     June 01, 2012 - is appropriate is to define how the test will be used. … When is measuring sensitivity and specificity sufficient to evaluate a diagnostic test, and when do we … When is measuring sensitivity and specificity sufficient to evaluate a diagnostic test, and when do we … Specific instructions on how to do so are outside the scope of this training module but can be found … When is measuring sensitivity and specificity sufficient to evaluate a diagnostic test, and when do we

318. Meta-analysis of Test Performance Evidence When There is a “Gold Standard” Reference Standard (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-meta-analysis.ppt
     June 01, 2012 - This section of the Methods Guide discusses how to conduct a meta-analysis of test performance when there … This module focuses on how to conduct a meta-analysis with a “gold standard” reference. … Module 9 discusses how to conduct a meta-analysis when no gold standard reference exists. … This module focuses on how to conduct a meta-analysis for medical test performance when a gold standard … estimates of various studies do not vary widely or extensively Can use a summary point to obtain summary

319. Meta-analysis of Test Performance Evidence When There is a “Gold Standard” Reference Standard (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-meta-analysis.ppt
     June 01, 2012 - This section of the Methods Guide discusses how to conduct a meta-analysis of test performance when there … This module focuses on how to conduct a meta-analysis with a “gold standard” reference. … Module 9 discusses how to conduct a meta-analysis when no gold standard reference exists. … This module focuses on how to conduct a meta-analysis for medical test performance when a gold standard … estimates of various studies do not vary widely or extensively Can use a summary point to obtain summary

320. Machine Learning Methods in Systematic Reviews: Identifying Quality Improvement Intervention Evaluations (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/machine-learning-quality_research.pdf
     September 01, 2012 - to change how delivery of care is routinely structrured. … This paper describes how a systematic focus to improve processes and outcomes has positioned the program … DESIGN OF STUDY: Qualitative interview case study. … DO. … It describes how a team of Macmillan and heart failure nurse specialists attempted to address the problem