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1. Archived: Published Comment - Will Recommendations against Spirometry Make Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Harder to Treat?: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/published-comment---will-recommendations-against-spirometry-make-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-harder-to-treat/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-copd-screening
   November 15, 2008 - confirmatory tests in patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or congestive … heart failure. … Vital epidemiologic clues in heart failure. J Clin Epidemiol 2000;53:229-35.

2. Archived: Published Comment - Will Recommendations against Spirometry Make Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Harder to Treat?: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/published-comment---will-recommendations-against-spirometry-make-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-harder-to-treat/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-copd-screening-2008
   November 15, 2008 - confirmatory tests in patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or congestive … heart failure. … Vital epidemiologic clues in heart failure. J Clin Epidemiol 2000;53:229-35.

3. ahrq12a_Summary_HBP.qxd (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BXkaHRFGjwUCoyANeMSuTz
   January 01, 2010 - Patients with hypertension have 2 to 4 times more risk for stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure … heart failure Specific treatment Assess for secondary cause (1) Screen *Treatments Diet (Sodium … heart failure by 86% (odds ratio [OR] 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05 to 0.41) (31). … The numbers needed to treat (NNT) over 5 years ranged from 200 to 400 to prevent 1 congestive heart failure … heart failure (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.68)(31).

4. Archived: Atrial Fibrillation: Screening With Electrocardiography | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/atrial-fibrillation-screening-with-electrocardiography-august-2018
   August 07, 2018 - Other risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, heart failure, prior cardiothoracic surgery … heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack … heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years [doubled], diabetes, stroke/transient ischemic attack/thromboembolism … failure. … In response to requests that the USPSTF not exclude studies of persons with heart failure or with implantable

5. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening with Electrocardiography | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary17/coronary-heart-disease-screening-with-electrocardiography-2012
   September 15, 2011 - heart failure, or unstable angina 3 . … heart failure (HR, 1.6 [CI, 1.3 to 2.1]). … Electrocardiographic predictors of incident congestive heart failure and all-cause mortality in postmenopausal … Electrocardiographic QRS duration and the risk of congestive heart failure: the Framingham Heart Study … Predictors of congestive heart failure in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study.

6. Archived: High Blood Pressure in Adults, Children, and Adolescents: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/high-blood-pressure-adults-children-adolescents-screening-2003
   April 01, 2003 - One study showed that the 50% reduction in heart failure among patients receiving chlorthalidone compared … medications in adults with severe (Stage 3) hypertension suggest that treatment reduces the odds of congestive … heart failure by 86%. 21 Among patients with mild to moderate elevations in blood pressure (Stages … in total mortality, including reductions in CVD death, stroke, coronary artery disease events, and congestive … heart failure.

7. Screening Asymptomatic Adults With Resting or Exercise Electrocardiography: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/-RCaAaDL6hY8SrAwmmPa5X
   September 01, 2011 - heart failure, or unstable angina (3). … heart failure (HR, 1.6 [CI, 1.3 to 2.1]). … Electrocardiographic QRS duration and the risk of congestive heart failure: the Framingham Heart Study … Predictors of congestive heart failure in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study. … Electrocardiographic predictors of incident congestive heart failure and all-cause mortality in post-

8. Archived: Evidence Summary: High Blood Pressure in Adults, Children, and Adolescents: Screening, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/high-blood-pressure-adults-children-adolescents-screening-2003
   April 01, 2003 - risk for stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease than patients … heart failure by 86 percent (odds ratio [OR] 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05 to 0.41). 31 Because … The numbers needed to treat (NNT) over 5 years ranged from 200 to 400 to prevent 1 congestive heart failure … heart failure (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.68). 31 The numbers needed to treat over 5 years ranged from … failure, and stroke.

9. Final Research Plan: Abnormal Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
   www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan16/screening-for-abnormal-blood-glucose-and-type-2-diabetes
   August 15, 2013 - framework, specifically mortality, cardiovascular morbidity (including myocardial infarction, stroke, and congestive … heart failure), chronic kidney disease, amputations, skin ulcers, visual impairment (including blindness … Outcomes KQs 1, 3, 5: Mortality, cardiovascular morbidity (including myocardial infarction, stroke, congestive … heart failure), chronic kidney disease, amputations, skin ulcers, visual impairment (including blindness

10. Archived: Final Research Plan: Abnormal Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan16/screening-for-abnormal-blood-glucose-and-type-2-diabetes-october-2015
    August 15, 2013 - framework, specifically mortality, cardiovascular morbidity (including myocardial infarction, stroke, and congestive … heart failure), chronic kidney disease, amputations, skin ulcers, visual impairment (including blindness … Outcomes KQs 1, 3, 5: Mortality, cardiovascular morbidity (including myocardial infarction, stroke, congestive … heart failure), chronic kidney disease, amputations, skin ulcers, visual impairment (including blindness

11. Archived: Hypertension: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hypertension-screening-1996
    January 01, 1996 - in blacks and older adults.[[1a]] Hypertension is a leading risk factor for coronary heart disease, congestive … heart failure, stroke, ruptured aortic aneurysm, renal disease, and retinopathy. … heart failure, aortic rupture, or stroke. 6-9 There are no population data available for estimating … heart failure) after treatment with antihypertensive medication. 34 Persons with mild (Stage 1) to … heart failure, aortic rupture, or stroke occur. 6-9 Prognosis with early surgical intervention is improved

12. doi:10.1016/S0749-3797(03)00122-3 (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/hWzpnYXDpQzUr8U_5xY6qS
    January 01, 2003 - One study showed that the 50% reduction in heart failure among patients receiv- ing chlorthalidone compared … medications in adults with severe (Stage 3) hypertension suggest that treatment reduces the odds of congestive … heart failure by 86%.21 Among patients with mild to moderate elevations in blood pressure (Stages 1 … in total mortality, including reductions in CVD death, stroke, coronary artery disease events, and congestive … heart failure.

13. Archived: Exercise Tolerance Testing to Screen for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review: Coronary Heart Disease (Electrocardiography): Screening (2004) | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/exercise-tolerance-testing-to-screen-for-coronary-heart-dise/coronary-heart-disease-electrocardiography-screening-2004
    February 03, 2004 - failure, valvular or congenital heart disease, arrhythmia or digitalis use Bruce or modified Bruce … failure, Q wave on rest electrocardiogram, valvular disease, use of antiarrhythmic drugs, inability … failure, use of digoxin, valvular disease, end-stage renal disease, pacer, atrial fibrillation, heart … age 52 y 0% men Self reported CHD, Percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary bypass surgery, congestive … heart failure 9 Maximal Bruce Exercise capacity, in METS N/A 3.2% † 0.83 (0.78-0.89)

14. Clinical Summary: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation With Electrocardiography (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/cPT4VRq6a8QxTtRQXZBtSc
    July 31, 2018 - Other risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, heart failure, prior cardiothoracic surgery

15. Screening for Atrial Fibrillation With Electrocardiography: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BtcFo6AtmQTWLeVDr55G39
    August 22, 2017 - Other risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, heart failure, prior cardiothoracic surgery … heart failure, hypertension, age "75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic … heart failure, hypertension, age "75 years [doubled], diabetes, stroke/transient ischemic attack/thromboembolism … failure. … In response to re­ quests that the USPSTF not exclude studies of persons with heart failure or with

16. Exercise Tolerance Testing To Screen for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review for the Technical Support for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xbYLYNJZ5zJXj-W4DNyxyb
    June 20, 2019 - failure, valvular or congenital heart disease, arrhythmia, digitalis use Bruce or modified Bruce �1 … failure, Q wave on rest electrocardiogram, valvular disease, use of antiarrhythmic drugs, those who … failure, use of digoxin, valvular disease, end-stage renal disease, pacer, atrial fibrillation, heart … age, 52 y; 0% men Self-reported CHD, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary bypass surgery, congestive … heart failure 9 Maximum Bruce * Events are CHD events unless otherwise indicated.

17. Draft Research Plan: Screening for Atrial Fibrillation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/screening-atrial-fibrillation
    March 26, 2020 - , we will limit our analyses to studies of individuals not selected because of known heart disease, heart … failure, and/or previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. … or anticoagulation medications for conditions other than AF; adults with AF and known heart disease, heart … failure, and/or previous stroke or transient ischemic attack Screening test or intervention

18. Draft Research Plan: Atrial Fibrillation: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/atrial-fibrillation-with-ecg
    March 26, 2020 - , we will limit our analyses to studies of individuals not selected because of known heart disease, heart … failure, and/or previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. … or anticoagulation medications for conditions other than AF; adults with AF and known heart disease, heart … failure, and/or previous stroke or transient ischemic attack Screening test or intervention

19. Screening for High Blood Pressure in Adults (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/-QjonMQGChFvYe5952DF22
    October 01, 2015 - pressure is a serious condition that raises a person’s risk for heart attack, stroke, and kidney and heart … failure. … Screening Having high blood pressure raises your risk for a heart attacks, strokes, and kidney or heart … failure.

20. Final Research Plan: Enhanced Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease: Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/cardiovascular-disease-enhanced-risk-assessment-non-traditional-risk-factors
    September 26, 2024 - disease, including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease Heart … failure Risk Factors CAC score   Populations Adults without known cardiovascular disease … 3 only) KQs 4, 5: Usual care, no treatment, or placebo Models predicting mortality only or heart … failure only Outcomes KQs 1, 4: Cardiovascular disease events (e.g., myocardial infarction