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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review/osteoporosis-screening
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Final Evidence Review
Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening
January 14, 2025
Recommendations made by the USPSTF are independent of the U.S. government. They should not b…
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/menopause-protocol-130612.pdf
June 12, 2013 - b Longitudinal studies of colorectal, breast, or ovarian cancers; and fracture outcomes (does not apply … 1 yearb
Sample size >250
a Longitudinal studies of colorectal, breast, or ovarian cancers; and fracture … yearsa
1 yearb
Sample size >250
a Longitudinal studies of colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and fracture … to
plausibly establish
causal effects: 5 years
for colorectal, breast,
or ovarian cancers and
fracture … ’/exp OR ‘osteoporotic fractures’/exp OR (‘fracture’/exp OR
‘fractures’/exp AND (‘osteoporosis’/exp
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/natstats/93pcchp.htm
November 01, 1998 - of toe deformities
144 Treatment, facial 33,098 0.10 4.53 13,158
fracture … or dislocation
145 Treatment, fracture or 60,660 0.17 3.47 8,384
dislocation … of radius
and ulna
146 Treatment, fracture or 266,214 0.77 9.55 16,873 … dislocation of hip
and femur
147 Treatment, fracture or 189,006 0.54 5.02 … 10,790
dislocation of lower
extremity (other than
hip or femur)
148 Other fracture and
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/natstats/94pcchpr.htm
November 01, 1998 - of toe deformities
144 Treatment, facial 30,762 0.09 4.26 14,329
fracture … or dislocation
145 Treatment, fracture or 61,228 0.18 3.49 9,373
dislocation … of radius
and ulna
146 Treatment, fracture or 271,910 0.79 8.65 17,227 … dislocation of hip
and femur
147 Treatment, fracture or 191,461 0.55 4.72 … 11,237
dislocation of lower
extremity (other than
hip or femur)
148 Other fracture and
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/nation/neds/stats/NEDS_2006v2_MaskedStats_ED.PDF
April 08, 2010 - excision bone 2547 0.01
143: Bunionectomy or repair of toe deformities 28 0.00
144: Treatment; facial fracture … or dislocation 1472 0.01
145: Treatment; fracture or dislocation of radius and ulna 31699 0.15
146 … : Treatment; fracture or dislocation of hip and femur 3846 0.02
147: Treatment; fracture or dislocation … of lower extremity (other than hip or femur) 9998 0.05
148: Other fracture and dislocation procedure
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/nation/neds/stats/NEDS_2017_ED_MaskedStats.PDF
January 01, 2017 - excision bone 286 0.00
143: Bunionectomy or repair of toe deformities 23 0.00
144: Treatment, facial fracture … or dislocation 2,001 0.01
145: Treatment, fracture or dislocation of radius and ulna 27,514 0.10
146 … : Treatment, fracture or dislocation of hip and femur 3,925 0.01
147: Treatment, fracture or dislocation … of lower extremity (other than hip or femur) 12,132 0.04
148: Other fracture and dislocation procedure
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/nation/neds/stats/NEDS_2015Q4_ED_MaskedStats.PDF
December 14, 2017 - .**
144: Treatment, facial fracture or dislocation 388 0.01
145: Treatment, fracture or dislocation … of radius and ulna 5,650 0.09
146: Treatment, fracture or dislocation of hip and femur 836 0.01
147 … : Treatment, fracture or dislocation of lower extremity (other than hip or femur) 2,170 0.03
148: Other … fracture and dislocation procedure 5,724 0.09
149: Arthroscopy <= 10 *.**
150: Division of joint capsule
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/pqmp/measures/acute/chipra-195-tables%201-7.pdf
June 02, 2025 - 98
DENOMINATOR 2,419 2,536 2,644 2,824 2,869
NUMERATOR EXCLUSIONS
Loss of consciousness, skull fracture
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/factsandfigures/2008/figures/2008_4_2.jsp
January 01, 2008 - 1.0%
Complication of surgical procedures or medical care
6.7%
3.1%
2.5%
1.1%
Fracture
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/hai/tools/surgery/10-frontline-provider.pptx
June 01, 2023 - [Service line, e.g., colorectal, hip fracture] surgery procedures may have high morbidity (e.g., surgical … Preoperative Medical Assessment
For hip fracture surgery patients, how will you evaluate them for comorbidities
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www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/hai/tools/surgery/2-overview-guide.docx
June 01, 2023 - hospitals can establish an ISCR program within the following service lines: colorectal surgery, hip fracture … tools that can be modified based on the service line chosen by the hospital (colorectal surgery, hip fracture
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb160.pdf
July 01, 2013 - Diabetes mellitus with complications 5,380 1.4 561
17 Biliary tract disease 5,137 1.3 469
18 Fracture … In terms of injury-related hospital stays:
Hip fracture was a top-ranked condition for Medicare … Fracture of the lower limb was top ranked for private insurance and the uninsured. … 12 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and
bronchiectasis 4,074 2.2 517
13 Fracture … 2.4 27
8 Mood disorders 398 2.3 103
9 Pancreatic disorders (not diabetes) 359 2.1 45
10 Fracture
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www.ahrq.gov/talkingquality/measures/setting/hospitals/examples.html
March 01, 2016 - Patient mortality rates by type of condition (e.g., heart attack, hip fracture, pneumonia) or by type
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb170-Operating-Room-Procedures-United-States-2011.jsp
February 01, 2014 - arthroplasty, laminectomy, spinal fusion, hip replacement, and treatment of hip or lower extremity fracture … 1.7
8.6
15
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
214
1.4
6.9
16
Treatment, fracture … 9
Cholecystectomy and common duct exploration
5,048
2.8
12,600
400
10
Treatment, fracture … 17
Laminectomy, excision intervertebral disc
2,347
1.3
11,500
203
18
Treatment, fracture … (2.4 percent), laminectomy (1.3 percent), and treatment of other lower extremity fracture (1.2 percent
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nMb54adBfgajp8dG87kPcw
April 17, 2018 - For fracture out-
comes, fall-related fractures was used preferentially in the meta-
analysis, but if … , persons
with a fracture, disability, quality of life, people hospitalized, and
people who transitioned … For multifactorial interventions, while evi-
dence for their effect on injuries or fracture was either … The certainty
of the effects of fall prevention interventions on fracture is low
because these outcomes … Effectiveness of a falls-and-fracture nurse
coordinator to reduce falls: a randomized,
controlled trial
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www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/final-reports/stpra/stpraapa2.html
April 01, 2018 - Conclusions
Open fracture or a history of diabetes both lead to a higher relative risk of a wound … 2004)]
Aims
To determine the incidence and risk factors for SSIs following internal fixation of fracture … 95% CL 0.44-10.45), injury-operation interval less than six months (OR 2.00, 95% CL 0.22-46.08), fracture
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction-2013
September 15, 2013 - Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene … Comparison of fracture, cardiovascular event, and breast cancer rates at 3 years in postmenopausal women … Efficacy of raloxifene on vertebral fracture risk reduction in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis … difference
All-cause mortality
No difference
No difference
No difference
Vertebral fracture … difference
No difference
7 (5–9) fewer events per 1000 women with raloxifene
Nonvertebral fracture
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hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/factsandfigures/2009/figures/2009_4_2.jsp
January 01, 2009 - devices
1.8
1.4
-0.6
1.0
Acute cerebrovascular disease
2.3
3.1
-1.9
1.0
Fracture
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psnet.ahrq.gov/issue/zero-preventable-deaths-after-traumatic-injury-achievable-goal
March 24, 2021 - Cases
Under Pressure: Delayed Diagnosis of Compartment Syndrome after Lower Leg Fracture
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3Kwu7j_WfCFQSnSzqrDWwt
June 20, 2019 - (8-20)
ER− ND ND ND
Noninvasive ND ND ND
Mortality
Breast cancer ND NR NR
All-cause ND ND ND
Fracture … Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in
postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated
with raloxifene … Efficacy of raloxifene on vertebral
fracture risk reduction in postmenopausal women
with osteoporosis … Comparison of fracture,
cardiovascular event, and breast cancer rates at 3
years in postmenopausal women … Effects of raloxifene on fracture risk in
postmenopausal women: the Raloxifene Use for the
Heart trial