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61. Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions: A Summary of the Evidence for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/sQ7hREGwnBm8Wh-LEFWP4F
    October 01, 2002 - For fracture outcomes, a meta-analysis of 22 trials of estrogen reported an overall 27% reduction in … We identified 4 trials13,14,120-122 that met inclusion criteria and reported fracture outcomes. … Hip fracture and the use of estrogens in postmenopausal women. The Framingham Study. … Fracture protection provided by long-term estrogen treatment. … Alcohol intake, beverage preference, and risk of hip fracture in men and women.

62. Menopausal Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/XAJcRkY9ACZwenBYjopCrB
    October 01, 2012 - therapy each year, these events can occur as a result Benefits No change in risk Harms 46 avoid a fracture … therapy each year, these events may occur as a result Benefits No change in risk Harms 56 avoid a fracture

63. Archived: Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy for Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions: Evidence Summary: Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Preventive Medication, 2002 and 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/postmenopausal-hormone-replacement-therapy-for-primary-preve/v2-menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medicatio
    August 21, 2002 - We identified four trials 13 , 14 , 120-122 that met inclusion criteria and reported fracture outcomes … Race and sex differences in hip fracture incidence. Am J Public Health 1984;74(12):1374-80. 24. … Hip fracture and the use of estrogens in postmenopausal women. The Framingham Study. … Fracture protection provided by long-term estrogen treatment. … Alcohol intake, beverage preference, and risk of hip fracture in men and women.

64. Archived: Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy for Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions: Evidence Summary: Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Preventive Medication, 2002 and 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/postmenopausal-hormone-replacement-therapy-for-primary-preve/menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medication-2002-2005
    August 21, 2002 - We identified four trials 13 , 14 , 120-122 that met inclusion criteria and reported fracture outcomes … Race and sex differences in hip fracture incidence. Am J Public Health 1984;74(12):1374-80. 24. … Hip fracture and the use of estrogens in postmenopausal women. The Framingham Study. … Fracture protection provided by long-term estrogen treatment. … Alcohol intake, beverage preference, and risk of hip fracture in men and women.

65. Public Comment on Draft Recommendation Statement and Draft Evidence Review: Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Falls and Fractures in Older Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/announcements/public-comment-draft-recommendation-statement-and-draft-evidence-review-vitamin-d-and-calcium-supplementation-prevent-falls-and
    January 21, 2025 - Public Comment on Draft Recommendation Statement and Draft Evidence Review: Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Falls and Fractures in Older Adults Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print December 17, …

66. Menopausal Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review to Update the USPSTF Recommendations (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/G7CCbu64mf-nCynBkHbFLA
    July 01, 2012 - Secondary outcomes included fracture incidence at the hip and other sites; stroke; thromboembolism; endometrial … of risks and benefits, including the primary outcomes as well as stroke, PE, colorectal cancer, hip fracture … 14.5 15.9§ Aspirin use at baseline, % 19.1 20.1 19.4 19.7 Treatment for diabetes, % 4.4 4.4 7.7 7.6§ Fracture … , calcium intake, previous hormone therapy, bone mineral density, or fracture risk score in the WHI trial … Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women’s Health Initiative

67. Final Recommendation Statement: Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/announcements/final-recommendation-statement-screening-osteoporosis-prevent-fractures
    June 26, 2018 - Final Recommendation Statement: Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print June 26, 2018 – The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force released today a final recommendation …

68. Evidence Summary: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/falls-prevention-in-older-adults-interventions
    April 17, 2018 - For fracture outcomes, fall-related fractures was used preferentially in the meta-analysis, but if that … , persons with a fracture, disability, quality of life, people hospitalized, and people who transitioned … For multifactorial interventions, while evidence for their effect on injuries or fracture was either … The certainty of the effects of fall prevention interventions on fracture is low because these outcomes … Effectiveness of a falls-and-fracture nurse coordinator to reduce falls: a randomized, controlled trial

69. Archived: Evidence Summary: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/falls-prevention-in-older-adults-interventions-2018
    April 17, 2018 - For fracture outcomes, fall-related fractures was used preferentially in the meta-analysis, but if that … , persons with a fracture, disability, quality of life, people hospitalized, and people who transitioned … For multifactorial interventions, while evidence for their effect on injuries or fracture was either … The certainty of the effects of fall prevention interventions on fracture is low because these outcomes … Effectiveness of a falls-and-fracture nurse coordinator to reduce falls: a randomized, controlled trial

70. Public Comment on Draft Recommendation Statement and Draft Evidence Review: Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/announcements/public-comment-draft-recommendation-statement-and-draft-evidence-review-screening-osteoporosis-prevent-fractures
    December 04, 2017 - Public Comment on Draft Recommendation Statement and Draft Evidence Review: Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print November 7, 2017 – The U.S. Preventive Services Ta…

71. Recommendation: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Falls and Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-update-summary/vitamin-d-calcium-combined-supplementation-primary-prevention-falls-fractures-communitydwelling-adults
    December 17, 2024 - Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Falls and Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication An Update for This Topic is In Pro…

72. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Final Recommendation Statement for Screening for Osteoporosis | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/announcements/us-preventive-services-task-force-issues-final-recommendation-statement-screening-osteoporosis
    January 18, 2011 - now recommends screening for osteoporosis in women ages 65 years and older and in younger women whose fracture

73. Final Recommendation Statement: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/announcements/final-recommendation-statement-vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-primary-prevention-fractures-community-dwelling-adults
    April 17, 2018 - Final Recommendation Statement: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print April 17, 2018 – The U.S.…

74. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Final Recommendation Statement for Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Fractures in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/announcements/us-preventive-services-task-force-issues-final-recommendation-statement-vitamin-d-and-calcium-supplementation-prevent-fractures-adults
    February 26, 2013 - U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Final Recommendation Statement for Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Fractures in Adults Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print February 26, 2013 – Today, …

75. Final Research Plan: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for Primary Prevention of Fractures in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/announcements/final-research-plan-vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-primary-prevention-fractures-adults
    June 23, 2016 - Final Research Plan: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for Primary Prevention of Fractures in Adults Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print June 23, 2016 – The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force pos…

76. Archived: Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medication-2012
    October 15, 2012 - approximately 30% for coronary heart disease (CHD) 1 , 22% for dementia 2 , 21% for stroke 3 , 15% for hip fracture … U.S. women aged 65 years or older report a diagnosis of osteoporosis, and 6% report ever having a hip fracture … CI) Events Caused, n (95% CI) Benefits Total fractures 46 (29 to 63) – Hip fracture … – Breast cancer deaths 2 (1 to 3) – Total fractures 56 (37 to 75) – Hip fracture

77. Evidence Summary: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/falls-prevention-community-dwelling-older-adults-interventions
    June 04, 2024 - For fracture outcomes, fall-related fractures were selected first, but if that outcome was not available … injurious fall (RR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.79-1.02]; I 2 = 26.7%; 9 studies; n = 3924) or a fall-related fracture … One trial 43 reported a fall-related wrist fracture (1/352). … Furthermore, 2 exercise trials reported within-study subgroup analyses for falls and/or fracture, reporting … Effectiveness of a falls-and-fracture nurse coordinator to reduce falls: a randomized, controlled trial

78. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/HhFR4LyVtxMcwmafRH6Ehp
    June 04, 2024 - For fracture outcomes, fall- related fractures were selected first, but if that outcome was not available … an injurious fall (RR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.79-1.02]; I2 = 26.7%; 9 studies; n = 3924) or a fall-related fracture … One trial43 reported a fall-related wrist fracture (1/352). … Furthermore, 2 exercise trials re- ported within-study subgroup analyses for falls and/or fracture, … Effectiveness of a falls-and-fracture nurse coordinator to reduce falls: a randomized, controlled trial

79. Recommendation: Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-d-deficiency-screening
    April 13, 2021 - ng/mL and among participants with baseline levels less than 14 ng/mL. 32 , 33 Six RCTs reported on fracture … In that study, only 1 hip fracture occurred, leading to a very imprecise effect estimate. 34 In the … case-control study, there was no association between treatment with vitamin D and calcium and clinical fracture … or hip fracture incidence. 32 Five RCTs reported on incident diabetes. … Osteoporosis and fracture risk in women of different ethnic groups.

80. Archived: Postmenopausal Hormone Prophylaxis: Preventive Medication, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/postmenopausal-hormone-prophylaxis-preventive-medication-1996
    January 01, 1996 - An overview of 11 studies estimated that risk of hip fracture was reduced 25% among women who had used … is highest. 22 One model predicted that fracture risk in women ages 75-85 would be reduced 73% in women … (women who are thin, smoke, or have a family history of fracture). … Hip fracture and the use of estrogens in postmenopausal women. The Framingham Study. … Exercise and other factors in the prevention of fracture: the Leisure World study.