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21. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 266_Cervical Degenerative Disease Treatment: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-266-cdd-executive-summary.pdf
    November 01, 2023 - radiculopathy and 1-level disease (SOE: Low), but the likelihood of experiencing any serious adverse event … Neurologic complications: Similar (+) ACDF = anterior cervical discectomy and fusion; AE = adverse event … imaging; NA = not applicable; NR = not reported; PEEK = polyetheretherketone; SAE = serious adverse event … Limited evidence also suggests a lower likelihood of experiencing any serious adverse event with ACDF

22. Psychological Treatments and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/ptsd-adult-treatment/research-protocol
    December 20, 2011 - Systematic Review Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop following exposure to a traumatic event … symptoms following exposure to an extreme traumatic stressor involving direct personal experience of an event … or threatened death or serious injury, or other threat to one’s physical integrity; or witnessing an event … , rather than the event itself, determines an individual’s mood. … Impact of event scale: a measure of subject stress. Psychosom Med. 1979;41(3):209-18.

23. Ch 4-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_4-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
    January 01, 2010 - First, it is helpful to lay out a theoretical link between the exposure and the event/outcome of interest … Several examples of exposure and event relationships are displayed in Figure 4.1. … In operationalizing this exposure-event association it would be necessary to measure the amount of … outcome because all of the exposure necessary to cause the event or outcome has been completed. … , as this would not have contributed to any risk reduction for the event.

24. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety: Emerging Methods - Part I | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/safety-emerging-methods/executive
    September 25, 2007 - Evaluation and Overview of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Cooperative Adverse Drug Event … Evaluation and overview of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Cooperative Adverse Drug Event … A Simulation-Based Evaluation of Methods to Estimate the Impact of an Adverse Event on Hospital Length … A Simulation-Based Evaluation of Methods to Estimate the Impact of an Adverse Event on Hospital Length

25. Clopidogrel After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: Is Current Practice Sufficient? | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/stent-clopidogrel-practice/research
    March 31, 2009 - Landmark analyses were performed among patients who were event-free (no death, myocardial infarction, … Among drug-eluting stent patients who were event-free at six months, clopidogrel use was a significant … Among drug-eluting stent patients who were event-free at twelve months, clopidogrel use continued to … the four groups revealed disparities in event rates. … the 12 month landmark analysis underestimate the true event rates.

26. Executive Summary for CER No. 258_Diagnostic Errors in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-258-diagnostic-errors-summary.pdf
    December 01, 2022 - Some of these patients suffer an adverse event because of the incorrect diagnosis (~2.0%), and some of … translates to about 1 in 18 ED patients receiving an incorrect diagnosis, 1 in 50 suffering an adverse event … United States that 7.4 million (5.7%) patients are misdiagnosed, 2.6 million (2.0%) suffer an adverse event … The overall (not disease-specific), per ED visit, potentially preventable diagnostic adverse event rates … 5.7 percent of patients would be misdiagnosed, just 2.0 percent would suffer some sort of adverse event

27. Appendix-D-Surveillance-Report-1 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/appendix-d-surveillance-report-1.xlsx
    September 30, 2015 - Abbreviations: AE = adverse event; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; COWS = Clinical Opiate … primary care provider; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative risk; SAE = serious adverse event … D Any opioid-related event: 5.3% vs. 6.1% vs. 3.4% vs. 3.6%, p<0.0001 Suicide (fatal or nonfatal): 1.0% … HR 1.67 (95% CI 1.51 to 1.84) Safety event hospitalizations A vs. B vs. … B) Controls: (n=2,311), patients without an opioid-related adverse event, 1:1 matching based on age

28. App-D-Opioid-Chronic-Pain-Surveill-Report-1 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-d-opioid-chronic-pain-surveill-report-1.xlsx
    September 30, 2015 - Abbreviations: AE = adverse event; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; COWS = Clinical Opiate … primary care provider; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative risk; SAE = serious adverse event … D Any opioid-related event: 5.3% vs. 6.1% vs. 3.4% vs. 3.6%, p<0.0001 Suicide (fatal or nonfatal): 1.0% … HR 1.67 (95% CI 1.51 to 1.84) Safety event hospitalizations A vs. B vs. … B) Controls: (n=2,311), patients without an opioid-related adverse event, 1:1 matching based on age

29. CER 220 Evidence Summary: Comparative Effectiveness of Analgesics To Reduce Acute Pain in the Prehospital Setting (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-220-analgesics-acute-pain-summary.pdf
    September 01, 2019 - Analytic framework Abbreviations: AE=adverse event; KQ=Key Question Data Sources We searched MEDLINE … versus opioids) and outcomes (pain severity, pain presence, time to analgesic effect, any adverse event … to 10 pain scale, 5 minutes for time to analgesia, 10 percent absolute difference for any adverse event … The IN route was also common in studies reporting adverse event outcomes for the comparison of opioids … Insufficient No data No clinically important difference (+) No data Insufficient Any adverse event

30. CER 220 Evidence Summary: Comparative Effectiveness of Analgesics To Reduce Acute Pain in the Prehospital Setting (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-220-analgesics-acute-pain-summary.pdf
    September 01, 2019 - Analytic framework Abbreviations: AE=adverse event; KQ=Key Question Data Sources We searched MEDLINE … versus opioids) and outcomes (pain severity, pain presence, time to analgesic effect, any adverse event … to 10 pain scale, 5 minutes for time to analgesia, 10 percent absolute difference for any adverse event … The IN route was also common in studies reporting adverse event outcomes for the comparison of opioids … Insufficient No data No clinically important difference (+) No data Insufficient Any adverse event

31. Comments to Effective Heath Care Program Draft Documents (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/registries-guide-2nd-edition_disposition-comments.pdf
    March 03, 2010 - We still may not know if it's the drug/device or the underlying condition causing a particular event … Do they mean adverse event? We changed this term to adverse event. … to calculate an unbiased, generalizable adverse event rate associated with the exposure of interest, … We changed this term to adverse event. … The time constraints of physicians and surgeons further inhibit adverse event reporting.

32. Clopidogrel after Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: Is current practice sufficient (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/stent-clopidogrel-practice_research.pdf
    March 01, 2009 - Landmark analyses were performed among patients who were event-free (no death, myocardial infarction … Among drug-eluting stent patients who were event-free at six months, clopidogrel use was a significant … Among drug-eluting stent patients who were event-free at twelve months, clopidogrel use continued to … Similarly, patients who were event-free at 12 months and completed the 12-month follow-up contact, … the four groups revealed disparities in event rates.

33. App-D-Opioid-Chronic-Pain-Surveillance-Report-2 (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-d-opioid-chronic-pain-surveillance-report-2.xlsx
    September 30, 2015 - Abbreviations: AE = adverse event; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; COWS = Clinical Opiate … primary care provider; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RR = relative risk; SAE = serious adverse event … D Any opioid-related event: 5.3% vs. 6.1% vs. 3.4% vs. 3.6%, p<0.0001 Suicide (fatal or nonfatal): 1.0% … HR 1.67 (95% CI 1.51 to 1.84) Safety event hospitalizations A vs. B vs. … B: Controls: (n=2,311), patients without an opioid-related adverse event, 1:1 matching based on age

34. Developing Methods to Assess Health Outcomes in the Presence of Competing Risks for Effectiveness Research | Effective Health Care Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/health-outcomes-competing-risks/abstract
    February 11, 2010 - competing risks problem: (a) cause-specific hazard (CSH), (b) cumulative incidence function (CIF), and (c) event-free … effect of an intervention if the intervention only affects either the primary outcome or the competing event

35. S89 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s89.pdf
    October 01, 2007 - Control and Prevention (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and, for drugs, the FDA Adverse Event … Cases in the 42 d After the Index Event (Meningococcal Vaccination or Preventive Visit) by Week 106 … Cases of Facial Paralysis in the 42 d After the Index Event (Meningococcal Vaccination or Preventive … Poisson sequential sampling modified towards maximal safety in adverse event monitoring. … A maximized sequential probability ratio test for drug and vaccine adverse event surveillance.

36. Comparative Effectiveness of First and Second Generation Antipsychotics in the Pediatric and Young Adult Populations | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/antipsychotics-children/research-protocol
    June 04, 2010 - Each event will be counted as if it represents a unique individual. … number of people having an adverse event. … If a study mentions an adverse event in the discussion but does not report data on that adverse event … We will not assume an adverse event occurred unless a specific number of events are reported. … dose-adverse event analysis.

37. Pharmacologic Management of Acute Pain by EMS in the Prehospital Setting | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/acute-pain-ems/protocol
    October 30, 2018 - (as in any subject that experienced an adverse event during the study period) KQ2c: Needle sticks … The original full publication will always be used as the primary data source in the event discrepant … Impact of including or excluding both-armed zero-event studies on using standard meta-analysis methods … for rare event outcome: a simulation study. … (as in any subject that experienced an adverse event during the study period).

38. Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Systematic Review Update | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/ptsd-adult-treatment-update/research-protocol
    May 24, 2017 - disorder (PTSD) involves a group of symptoms experienced after exposure to a potentially traumatic event … that may include re-experiencing the event; avoiding situations that trigger memories of the event; … Comparison by Criterion Criterion A: Traumatic event that involved: actual or threatened death, … , rather than the event itself, determines an individual's mood. … Impact of event scale: a measure of subject stress. Psychosom Med. 1979;41(3):209-18.

39. Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults with Posttraumatic (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ptsd-adult-treatment-update_research-protocol.pdf
    December 31, 2017 - disorder (PTSD) involves a group of symptoms experienced after exposure to a potentially traumatic event … that may include re-experiencing the event; avoiding situations that trigger memories of the event; … , rather than the event itself, determines an individual’s mood. … Impact of event scale: a measure of subject stress. Psychosom Med. 1979;41(3):209-18. … • Requires patient to associate each symptom with a specific traumatic event.

40. App-E-Surv-Report-3-Acute-Pain (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/app-e-surv-report-3-acute-pain.xlsx
    September 21, 2022 - B Any adverse event: 13.6% (11/81) vs. 18.6% (16/86) NR NR Fair Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval … B Any adverse event: 10.0% (6/60) vs. 18.6% (11/59), RR 0.54 (95% CI 0.21 to 1.36) Nausea: 0.8% (1/60 … B Any adverse event: 34% (26/76) vs. 9% (7/74), RR 3.62 (95% CI 1.67 to 7.82) Dizziness: 7.9% (6/76) … B Any adverse event: 11.6% (8/69) vs. 13.2% (9/68), p=0.57 NR Institutional grant Fair Frants, 2021 … B Any adverse event: 52.7% (15/36) vs. 8.8% (3/34), p=0.002 Any severe adverse event: 16.7% (6/36) vs