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Showing results for "estimates".

81. Methods-Balancing-Harms-Benefits Research-2012 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-balancing-harms-benefits_research-2012.pdf
    January 01, 2012 - Comparisons The estimates of effect from a study may reflect the beneficial effect of one intervention … concerning harm tend to have more uncertainty compared with estimates of benefit. … The fifth step consists of sensitivity analyses to explore the effects of changing the estimates or … However, the ―T‖ score has no uncertainty estimates. … The reviewers need to indicate the time periods that relate to the estimates.

82. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/depression-postpartum-screening_research-protocol.pdf
    May 01, 2013 - Incidence estimates for the first 3 postpartum months were up to 6.5 percent for major depression alone … We will present summary estimates, standard errors, and confidence intervals. … An example of such a subgroup analysis would be a comparison of effectiveness estimates for RCTs versus … observational studies or a comparison of estimates of the association between a history of intimate … Specific benefits include estimates of treated depression, maternal and infant health care visits, and

83. S116 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s116.pdf
    October 01, 2007 - to estimate treatment effects; how- ever, IV methods require strong assumptions to yield consistent estimates … cian was unassociated with major medical comorbidities in the current patient, suggesting that the IV estimates … study outcome and also influence treatment choice, standard statistical methods may result in biased estimates … This model yielded adjusted estimates of risk differences. … Even if these condi- tions are met, however, IV methods can result in biased estimates of treatment effects

84. Appendicitis Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/appendicitis_executive.pdf
    December 01, 2015 - .58,59 We used the model estimates to calculate summary positive and negative likelihood ratios (LRs … Estimates of test performance often appeared to be affected by characteristics of study design that … Summary estimates of test performance of laboratory values for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis … CT had high sensitivity (summary estimates ranging from 0.95 to 1) and specificity (0.91 to 0.99 … Summary estimates of test performance of diagnostic imaging for acute appendicitis Test Population

85. Diagnostic Errors in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/diagnostic-errors-emergency-updated/research
    August 01, 2023 - were comments about the study authors' approaches to calculating confidence intervals around their estimates … of diagnostic errors and associated harms and the extrapolation of these estimates to the U.S. population … We synthesized results for each question and extrapolated U.S. estimates.

86. Blood-based Tests for Multiple Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cell-free-dna-draft-report.pdf
    December 01, 2024 - estimates); the strength of evidence for accuracy was insufficient. … Estimates) Specificity Range (No. Estimates) PPV Range (No. Estimates) NPV Range (No. … Estimates) AUC Range (No. Estimates) Accuracy of Tissue of Origin Predictiona (No. … For the accuracy (e.g., sensitivity) estimates for MCST tests, the study used the estimates from the … Estimates of stage-specific preclinical sojourn time across 21 cancer types.

87. Liver-Cancer Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/liver-cancer_executive.pdf
    October 01, 2014 - Most likelihood ratio estimates fell into or near the “moderately useful” range (positive likelihood … One study that directly compared use of Doppler vs. no Doppler showed no clear effect on estimates … Lesion depth and body mass index had no effect on estimates of sensitivity. Table C. … Estimates were similar when studies that used diffusion-weighted imaging were excluded. … of diagnostic accuracy and found no clear effects on estimates.

88. Untitled (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatitis-c_surveillance.pdf
    December 01, 2015 - Relative risk estimates: 0.89 to 1.2. … Women: No difference in relative risk estimates for SVR •! Blacks vs. … Non-Black patients: No clear difference in relative risk estimates. … Relative risk estimates: 0.89 to 1.2. … Non-Black patients: No clear difference in relative risk estimates.

89. Untitled (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hepatitis-c_surveillance.pdf
    December 01, 2015 - Relative risk estimates: 0.89 to 1.2. … Women: No difference in relative risk estimates for SVR •! Blacks vs. … Non-Black patients: No clear difference in relative risk estimates. … Relative risk estimates: 0.89 to 1.2. … Non-Black patients: No clear difference in relative risk estimates.

90. Angina-Heart-Attack-Treatments Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/angina-heart-attack-treatments_executive.pdf
    January 01, 2014 - We present summary estimates, standard errors, and CIs in our data synthesis. … Summary strength of evidence and effect estimates: upstream versus deferred glycoprotein inhibitor … Summary strength of evidence and effect estimates: upstream versus deferred glycoprotein inhibitor … Summary strength of evidence and effect estimates: clopidogrel upstream (pretreatment) and deferred … Summary strength of evidence and effect estimates: clopidogrel upstream (pretreatment) and deferred

91. S149 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s149.pdf
    October 01, 2007 - This choice can lead to unstable estimates due to small sample sizes, especially for skewed data such … Construct estimates of treatment effects such as absolute E{Y(EEE)} � E{Y(III)}or relative E{Y(EEE)}/ … The outcome estimates were qualitatively similar to the results pre- sented in the article. … However, estimates from our methodology should approximate the upper limit of effec- tiveness of a medication … Best estimates of diabetes prevalence in the Department of Veterans Affairs based on computerized patient

92. Fraenkel (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/fraenkel.pdf
    December 26, 2012 -  Preferences • Specific probabilities vs Gist o R example • Average vs individualized probability estimates … Atrial Fibrillation Slide 27: Know the  Numbers • Atrial Fibrillation o Individualized probability estimates

93. A Bayesian Missing Data Framework for Multiple Continuous Outcome Mixed Treatment Comparisons | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/indirect-comparisons/research-2013
    November 01, 2017 - Ignoring missing data or correlation between outcomes can produce biased MTC estimates leading to high … , to traditional contrast-based approaches, and thus in obtaining more precise and robust parameter estimates

94. Oral Contraceptive Use for the Primary Prevention of Ovarian Cancer | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/cancer-ovarian-contraceptives/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - The model will allow greater flexibility in exploring the potential effects of these issues on estimates … Precision (precise or imprecise), based primarily on the size of the confidence intervals of effect estimates … For each outcome, we will use currently available estimates of lifetime risk, prevalence of OC use, and … relative risk (or relative risk reduction) for that outcome in OC users to generate estimates of the … We will summarize these estimates in tables providing the number of expected outcomes per 100,000 women

95. Bladder-Cancer-Non-Muscle-Invasive Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/bladder-cancer-non-muscle-invasive_executive.pdf
    October 01, 2015 - When few studies were available for an analysis, we used the moment estimates of correlation between … Estimates from one trial for progression (RR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.40 to 11.06), noncancer mortality (RR … epirubicin: All- cause mortality Low Estimates favored BCG for all-cause mortality, but differences … epirubicin: Progression Low Estimates favored BCG for bladder cancer progression, but differences … lower doses, but most estimates were imprecise and did not reach statistical significance.

96. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety: Emerging Methods - Part I | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/safety-emerging-methods/overview
    November 01, 2017 - Heterogeneity and the Interpretation of Treatment Effect Estimates From Risk Adjustment and Instrumental … Heterogeneity and Treatment Effect Estimates from Risk-Adjustment and Instrumental Variable Methods:

97. S5 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s5.pdf
    October 01, 2007 - testing stages.17 Some debate continues about the strengths and limitations of risk adjustment versus IV estimates … IV estimates are useful in assess- ing the effect of treatment rate changes, but decisionmakers need … Increasing restrictions will change rate ratio estimates and reduce bias in studies of treatment effects … benefit from using these approaches in examining com- parative effectiveness or safety or developing estimates … Heterogeneity and the interpretation of treatment effect estimates from risk adjustment and instrumental

98. Layout 1 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-abnormalities-tests_executive.pdf
    February 01, 2006 - ratio 0.33 NC 0.16 0.21 Negative predictive value at 20% prevalence 92.4% NC 96.2% 95.0% Stability of estimates … likelihood ratio NC 0.41 NC NC Negative predictive value at 20% prevalence NC 90.7% NC NC Stability of estimates … likelihood ratio NC NC NC NC Negative predictive value at 20% prevalence NC NC NC NC Stability of estimates

99. Physiologic Predictors of Severe Injury: Systematic Review, Evidence Summary (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-205-predictors-trauma-care-evidence-summary.pdf
    April 01, 2018 - In cases with few studies, lack of data, or when data were only available as adjusted risk estimates … Tables A, B, and C consolidate the key estimates of the predictive utility of each identified measure … When we were able to pool data, the pooled estimates are given in bold; when data were not pooled, … However, the out-of-hospital estimates are from fewer studies and patients and the estimates are less … While the diversity across the studies meant heterogeneity was high in the pooled estimates and the

100. Disposition of Comments for CER 168 Infantile Hemangioma (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/infantile-hemangioma_disposition-comments.pdf
     January 15, 2016 - We have emphasized in our discussion of meta-analysis findings that the estimates provide relative ranking … We have also noted in the report’s Conclusions that the estimates provided are most important as relative … The estimates provide a relative ranking of anticipated rates of lesion clearance among treatment options … Therefore, the difference between any two estimates is the comparative effectiveness. … Peer reviewer #4 Results Figure 6, note that estimates of sigma are typically smaller for smaller effect