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Showing results for "estimates".

101. S23 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s23.pdf
     October 01, 2007 - examples of communicating benefits and harms for well-known therapeutics, illustrating that relative risk estimates … Although the estimates might change when more information from other studies becomes available, the public … For the most part, the articles discuss relative estimates (relative risks or odds ratios; Fig. 1). … Relative risk estimates are not helpful for communicating the chance of experiencing an event (either … benefit or a harm).9,29 In our scenario, relative risk estimates cannot accurately depict the chance

102. Hepatic-Fibrosis White-Paper (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatic-fibrosis_white-paper.pdf
     April 01, 2014 - Results from these studies therefore could not be included in summary estimates for sensitivity and … specificity, resulting in less robust and potentially biased estimates. … is obtained and how that information affects the conclusions of the systematic review, including estimates … The additional data enabled somewhat more robust estimates for diagnostic accuracy at commonly used … Although the effects on summary estimates were relatively small in most cases, the changes had important

103. Disposition of Comments_Technical Brief No. 44: Measuring Primary Healthcare Spending (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/primary-healthcare-spending-disposition-comments.pdf
     May 17, 2024 - but only mention one (PCC) and focus primarily on state estimates. … We have clarified the number of reports and estimates we found throughout the report. … KI Reviewer 1 General Comments In the abstract it says you found 3 national estimates but elsewhere … We will revise the text to clarify what estimates we are referring to. … I believe MA also may include this method for its non-claims estimates.

104. Grading_didactic_faculty_approved (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/grading.ppt
     January 01, 2010 - quantity of evidence, directness (or indirectness) of evidence, consistency of evidence, and precision of estimates … Includes considerations of: Statistical significance for effect estimates Confidence intervals for those … effect estimates Four Required Domains: Precision Four Required Domains: Precision Precision is the … These estimates were consistent, direct, and precise. … Had these estimates been precise and consistent (i.e., a narrower CI for the RCT, consistent cohort studies

105. Comparative Effectiveness of Hepatitis C Treatment Adherence Interventions | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/hepatitis-c-treatment-adherence/research-protocol
     December 01, 2019 - The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 18,000 Americans were newly infected … We will document what methods the authors used to deal with loss to followup and the resulting estimates … , including effect measures, point estimates, 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CIs), and p -values … We will document the results reported by the authors, including effect measures, point estimates, 95% … On the basis of study characteristics, study quality, precision of estimates, and magnitude of effects

106. Grading_didactic_faculty_approved (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/grading.ppt
     January 01, 2013 - quantity of evidence, directness (or indirectness) of evidence, consistency of evidence, and precision of estimates … Includes considerations of: Statistical significance for effect estimates Confidence intervals for those … effect estimates Four Required Domains: Precision Precision is the degree of certainty surrounding … These estimates were consistent, direct, and precise. … Had these estimates been precise and consistent (i.e., a narrower CI for the RCT, consistent cohort studies

107. Treatment of Dementia Among Community-Dwelling and Institutionalized Medicare Beneficiaries (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/dementia-databases-methods_research.pdf
     May 01, 2008 - is estimated that as many as 75% of all persons with dementia will eventually reside in the NH. 7 Estimates … The aim of this project was to provide nationally representative estimates of the prevalence of the … The MCBS survey weights are used to project national estimates for each measure. … Data from claims provided slightly higher estimates of dementia cases than self/proxy reports in the … Alzheimer disease in the US population: Prevalence estimates using the 2000 census.

108. Cancer-Ovarian-Contraceptives Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cancer-ovarian-contraceptives_executive.pdf
     June 01, 2013 - Relative risk estimates were derived from the meta-analyses and other age-specific and race-specific … Depending on the analysis, each model run included 5,000 to 1,000,000 simulated individuals; estimates … Decision Analysis: Benefits and Harms of OC Use and Ovarian Cancer Risk Using the point estimates from … of their effect on mortality derived from a model are even more uncertain than estimates for incident … Because these data are cross-sectional, estimates for older women reflect cohorts that were relatively

109. Physiologic Predictors of Severe Injury: Systematic Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/predictors-trauma-care/research-2018
     December 01, 2019 - We used data provided to calculate values that were not reported and pooled estimates across studies … sensitivities ranging from 13% to 74% and specificities ranging from 62% to 96% for out-of-hospital pooled estimates

110. The Effect of Dietary Digestible Carbohydrate Intake on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/risk-cardiovascular-disease.pdf
     January 01, 2023 - meta-analysis is appropriate (i.e., more than 2 studies address the same PICOTS and provide point estimates … If meta-analysis is deemed appropriate, we plan to use random-effects models to pool estimates from … comparison have high or unclear risk of bias or when sensitivity analyses show a substantial difference in estimates … derived from high or unclear risk of bias studies versus estimates derived from studies at low risk … Cardiovascular Disease Projections in the United States Based on the 2020 Census Estimates.

111. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-ovarian-contraceptives_research-protocol.pdf
     March 13, 2012 - The model will allow greater flexibility in exploring the potential effects of these issues on estimates … For each outcome, we will use currently available estimates of lifetime risk, prevalence of OC use, … and relative risk (or relative risk reduction) for that outcome in OC users to generate estimates of … and cervical cancer, MI, stroke) • Death from these other conditions We will summarize these estimates … that provide any relevant data for model parameterization can be used to provide initial parameter estimates

112. Cancer-Pancreas Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cancer-pancreas_executive.pdf
     September 01, 2014 - ranging from 85 percent to 93 percent and specificity estimates ranging from 94 percent to 100 percent … ) • For diagnosis using MRI, three systematic reviews yielded sensitivity estimates of 84 percent to … 86 percent and specificity estimates of 82 percent to 91 percent.20-22 (Strength of evidence from … ) • For diagnosis using PET/CT, three systematic reviews yielded sensitivity estimates of 87 percent … to 90 percent and specificity estimates of 80 percent to 85 percent.20,23,24 (Strength of evidence

113. Clinical Effectiveness of Coronary Stents in the Elderly: Results From 262,700 Patients in the American College of Cardiology-National Cardiovascular Data Registry | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/coronary-stents-outcomes/research
     January 01, 2020 - were based upon Kaplan-Meier estimates for treatment-specific censoring distributions; whereas adjusted … estimates were based upon weights that were functions of Kaplan-Meier censoring estimates and propensity … score estimates. 17,18 Adjusted hazard ratios were calculated according to the inverse probability … These models served to validate the adjusted hazard ratio estimates from the IPW Cox regression model … Such misclassification and underreporting should be non-differential, however, and should bias our estimates

114. GRADING THE STRENGTH OF A BODY OF EVIDENCE (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-grading-evidence_methods.pdf
     November 01, 2013 - They look for consistency in direction of effect estimates in relation to the line that distinguishes … For example, if all studies except one show estimates of effect in the same direction, but the CI for … that one study overlaps the CIs for the estimates of effect in the other studies, then this body of … Precision of outcome data estimates is incompletely or not reported. … SMD estimates ranged from 0.13 to 0.94.

115. Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: A Living Rapid Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/immunity-after-covid/rapid-review
     April 01, 2023 - Analysis of larger, more diverse cohorts of previously infected individuals could help verify whether the estimates … Nevertheless, the protection estimates for asymptomatic and symptomatic infection were similar, and the

116. The Effect of Dietary Digestible Carbohydrate Intake on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/risk-cardiovascular-disease/protocol
     December 01, 2023 - a meta-analysis is appropriate (i.e., more than 2 studies address the same PICOTS and provide point estimates … If meta-analysis is deemed appropriate, we plan to use random-effects models to pool estimates from the … comparison have high or unclear risk of bias or when sensitivity analyses show a substantial difference in estimates … derived from high or unclear risk of bias studies versus estimates derived from studies at low risk … Cardiovascular Disease Projections in the United States Based on the 2020 Census Estimates.

117. Management of Uterine Fibroids - Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/evidence-summary-cer-195-uterine-fibroids-final.pdf
     December 01, 2017 - We calculated meta-estimates of the probability of leiomyosarcoma for all relevant studies and by study … Lack of precision means these estimates are not credibly different. … Some recent estimates in the literature find otherwise. … Uncertainty in estimates of prevalence and evolving data about methods for tissue extraction and their … Our estimates and that of Pritts and colleagues10 find that the estimates are lower in data from more

118. Transparency of Reporting Requirements Project: Management of Infertility | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/transparency-infertility/research-protocol
     January 01, 2019 - Page Contents Background Selective reporting can bias estimates … Goals The overall goal of this project is to determine whether selective reporting introduces biased estimates … Therefore, our project coordinator will send weekly queries to co-investigators asking for estimates … These estimates will be tracked in an excel spreadsheet.

119. Cer-242-Radiation-Therapy-Brain-Metastases-Evidence-Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-242-radiation-therapy-brain-metastases-evidence-summary.pdf
     June 01, 2021 - quality of life, functional status, and cognitive function were often too limited to determine effect estimates … neurocognitive decline and two favored the SRS alone group compared to SRS plus WBRT but summary effect estimates … memantine and hippocampal avoidance WBRT have only been reported in individual studies and summary estimates

120. Data Points #1: Prevalence of diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer, and lower extremity amputation among Medicare beneficiaries, 2006-2008. | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/diabetes-foot-ulcer-amputation-prevalence/research
     December 01, 2019 - These estimates are based on self-reports and are thought to underestimate the true prevalence by one-third … As expected, this is about one-third higher than previous CDC prevalence estimates.