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161. Evidence Summary: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/falls-prevention-community-dwelling-older-adults-interventions
     June 04, 2024 - the data, the clustering effect was accounted for by applying a design effect, which was based on an estimated … average cluster size and multiplied by an estimated intraclass correlation (estimated to be .05 based … studies by applying standard χ2 tests, and the proportion of total variability in point estimates was estimated … Absolute reductions that could be expected in a hypothetical population were estimated for 4 outcomes … interval, point estimate, and upper confidence interval from the pooled results, this figure shows estimated

162. Estimation of Benefits, Burden, and Harms of Colorectal Cancer Screening Strategies: Modeling Study for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vw-LTWCTZ_N5pAaydcNQTx
     June 21, 2016 - and end screening and screening intervals and to identify a set of recommendable strategies that are estimated … Estimated adenoma prevalence among an unscreened population ranged from 11% to 13% across models at age … diagnosis of CRC undergoing screening, the following screening strategies from ages 50 to 75 years were estimated … beyond age 75 years for regularly screened persons in whom no adenomas or CRCs have been detected was estimated … Utility weights have been estimated for diagnosed CRC states,69 but util- ity weights have not been estimated

163. Final Recommendation Statement: Prevention of Child Maltreatment: Primary Care Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions
     March 19, 2024 - The prevalence of child maltreatment in the US is uncertain and likely underestimated. 1 In 2021, an estimated … children were identified by Child Protective Services (CPS) as experiencing abuse or neglect and an estimated … Of the estimated 600,000 youth experiencing abuse and neglect (per 2021 CPS reports), most had experienced … crime, and abuse through telephone interviews of children and adolescents younger than 18 years, an estimated

164. Screening and Supplementation for Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8uE22djVfm8hF8wNg7wWYn
     May 01, 2021 - According to survey data from 1999 to 2006, overall estimated prevalence of iron deficiency during pregnancy … An estimated 5% of pregnant persons have iron deficiency anemia. … According to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2006, overall estimated … • According to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 1999 to 2006, overall estimated … • An estimated 5% of pregnant persons have iron deficiency anemia.

165. Archived: Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Screening, 2014 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening-nonpregnant-adolescents-adults-may-2014
     June 18, 2014 - An estimated 15% to 25% of persons with chronic HBV infection die of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma … Because this threshold is substantially higher than the estimated prevalence of HBV infection in the … However, the actual estimated number of new cases in the United States (approximately 19,000) is approximately … An estimated 700,000 to 2.2 million persons in the United States have chronic HBV infection 1 , 3 , … The death rate of HBV infection in the United States in 2010 was an estimated 0.5 per 100,000 persons

166. Archived: Tobacco Use Prevention: Counseling, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tobacco-use-prevention-counseling-1996
     January 01, 1996 - the U.S. 1 It is the most important modifiable cause of premature death, responsible annually for an estimated … First, tobacco is one of the most potent of human carcinogens, causing an estimated 148,000 deaths among … increases the frequency of middle ear effusions and lower respiratory infections in children, causing an estimated … deaths from residential fires, causing some 1,000 fire-related deaths and 3,300 injuries each year. 28 Estimated … It has been estimated that about 70% of the 46 million adult smokers in the U.S. could be counseled by

167. Archived: Genital Herpes Simplex: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/genital-herpes-simplex-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - infections occur during delivery, but some also occur in utero or postnatally. 8-10 In 1984 it was estimated … An estimated 35-80% of infants with neonatal herpes are born to women with no known history of genital … adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. 57 These estimates are sensitive to risk of vertical transmission (estimated … to be 1%) and to the efficacy of cesarean delivery (estimated to be 80%) reductions in either of these

168. Archived: Drug Abuse: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/drug-abuse-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - the past year, 5 and drug-related emergency visits in the U.S. reached all-time highs in 1993. 6 An estimated … An estimated 5 million Americans smoke marijuana regularly (at least once a week), almost 500,000 use … cocaine weekly, and over 500,000 used heroin or other injectable drug in the past year. 2 Others have estimated … Drug Use During Pregnancy A national probability sample of 2,613 women giving birth in 1992-1993 estimated

169. Archived: Breast and Ovarian Cancer: BRCA Genetic Testing, September 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-and-ovarian-cancer-brca-testing-screening-2005
     September 15, 2005 - The USPSTF estimated that the magnitude of these potential harms is small or greater. … The USPSTF estimated that the magnitude of these potential harms is small. … important BRCA mutation, the probability of developing breast or ovarian cancer by age 70 years is estimated … BRCA2 mutations in the general, non-Jewish U.S. population have been published; however, models have estimated

170. Recommendation: Iron Deficiency Anemia in Young Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-young-children-screening
     September 07, 2015 - Rationale Importance The estimated … anemia. 3 Based on 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, the estimated … United States. 8 , 9 It represents approximately 40% of cases of anemia in the United States. 1 The estimated

171. Archived: Prostate Cancer: Screening, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening-2002
     December 01, 2002 - cause of cancer‐related death among men in the United States (second to lung cancer). 2 In 2002, an estimated … If a cut‐point of 4.0 ng/ml is used, PSA screening has an estimated sensitivity of 63‐83 percent for … aggressive" cancers over the 2 years following the test. 8 Specificity of a cut‐point of 4.0 ng/ml has been estimated

172. Archived: Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2009
     July 15, 2009 - independently, with more severe vision impairment associated with greater negative effects. 1 , 2 In 2000, an estimated … Refractive errors were estimated to affect 6.7 million adults older than 65 years in the United States … correctable to better than 20/40. 4 More than 5 million adults in the United States older than 65 years were estimated

173. Evidence Summary: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/osteoporosis-screening
     January 14, 2025 - Among those enrolled, the mean or median 10-year FRAX-estimated risk of hip fracture was 8.5% in SCOOP … overdiagnosis. 32 , 33 Based on the data reported in the SCOOP and SOS RCTs, the systematic review authors estimated … older European women (median age, 71 to 76 years) at relatively high risk for hip fracture (10-year estimated … Overdiagnosis 1 Systematic review 32 (NA) Based on data from 2 included RCTs, overdiagnosis estimated

174. Screening for Breast Cancer: An Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZcuLSXJZXLz9Y2LECTWqVJ
     November 01, 2009 - In 2008, an estimated 182 460 cases of invasive and 67 770 cases of noninvasive breast cancer were diagnosed … As with the original 2002 meta-analysis, we estimated the model by using a Bayesian data analytic framework … object brugs.nodes �- samplesHistory(“*”, thin�samplesGetThin(), plot�FALSE) After the model was estimated … The pooled rate of mortality among the control groups of our studies was estimated to be 35.5 deaths … 10 000 women is within the 95% CrI that we report for number needed to invite to screening that we estimated

175. Recommendation: Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cognitive-impairment-in-older-adults-screening
     February 25, 2020 - learning and memory, language, perceptual motor function, and social cognition. 1 Dementia affects an estimated … Dementia affects an estimated 3.2% of persons aged 65 to 74 years, 9.9% of those aged 75 to 84 years, … Suggestions for Practice Regarding the I Statement Potential Preventable Burden Dementia affects an estimated … Dementia affects an estimated 9.9% of persons aged 75 to 84 years and 29.3% of those 85 years or older

176. Archived: Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Population-Based Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Evidence Synthesis: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/cost-effectiveness-analyses-of-population-based-screening-for-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-evidence-synthesis/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-february-2005
     February 15, 2005 - Applying current discounting practice to the MASS results would raise its estimated ICER above $20,000

177. Evidence Summary: Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening
     May 13, 2025 - be prevented with third-trimester repeat screening and adequate treatment, whereas the third study estimated

178. Draft Research Plan: Chronic Kidney Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/chronic-kidney-disease-screening
     January 19, 2023 - Composite renal outcomes that include progression to stage 5 CKD and other renal outcomes (e.g., change in estimated

179. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/JcwfLrEqaaxP6DPEQvxgUs
     February 18, 2020 - risk cal- culators tend to overestimate CVD risk, suggesting that actual ben- efits may be lower than estimated … Discussion Burden of Disease In 2011, an estimated 375 000 adults died of coronary heart dis- ease and … Fifteen trials reported on all-cause mortality after 1 to 6 years, and pooled analysis estimated an RR … ate- to high-dose statins is recommended, depending on the pa- tient’s 10-year CVD event risk) or an estimated

180. Final Recommendation Statement: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
     November 15, 2022 - Based on cohort and survey data from 2007-2010, the estimated prevalence of at least mild OSA (defined … symptoms of daytime sleepiness among adults aged 30 to 70 years was 14% for men and 5% for women, and the estimated … the I Statement Potential Preventable Burden The exact prevalence of OSA in unknown; however, the estimated