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81. Recommendation: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-preventive-medication
    April 26, 2022 - For adults aged 40 to 59 years: Estimate CVD risk using a CVD risk estimator. … American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Pooled Cohort Equations may be used to estimate … reporting, it is uncertain whether aspirin use increases fatal gastrointestinal bleeding. 14 , 25 Estimate … of Magnitude of Net Benefit The USPSTF commissioned a microsimulation model to estimate the magnitude

82. Screening for Breast Cancer: An Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZcuLSXJZXLz9Y2LECTWqVJ
    November 01, 2009 - We used breast cancer mortality results from trials to estimate the pooled RR. … Results are not directly similar to the 2002 meta-analysis that provided a combined estimate for women … Estimate of overdiagnosis of breast cancer due to mammography after adjustment for lead time. … needed to invite to screening estimate of 1116 per 10 000 women. … needed to invite to screening estimate of 4115 per 10 000 women.

83. Final Recommendation Statement: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication
    August 23, 2022 - American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Pooled Cohort Equations may be used to estimate

84. Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/YALMYpRCoRSu9nhPFGudEm
    November 01, 2022 - .6 In 10 studies (n = 6537) using a cut point of 1.1, the HerpeSelect test had a pooled sensitivity estimate … of 99% (95% CI, 97%-100%) and a pooled speci- ficity estimate of 81% (95% CI, 68%-90%), compared with … Western blot.6 In 4 studies (n = 1512), the Biokit test had a pooled sensitivity estimate of 84% (95%

85. Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Updated Modeling Study for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/MLeu_yFpPwzcZwKG6fw5ZY
    April 26, 2022 - DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Microsimulation modeling was used to estimate long-term benefits and … Description ModelHealth: CVD is a discrete-event, annual-cycle microsimula- tion model parameterized to estimate … For example, lifetime net QALYs and life-years were about half com- pared with the base case estimate … low-dose aspirin with CVD mortality (odds ratio, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.86-1.05])9,10; however, the point estimate

86. Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/LPaUxRbrTshfsYVVTzenEQ
    April 26, 2022 - College of Cardiology/American Heart Associa- tion (ACC/AHA) Pooled Cohort Equations may be used to estimate … • For adults aged 40 to 59 years: Estimate CVD risk using a CVD risk estimator. … sistent reporting, it is uncertain whether aspirin use increases fatal gastrointestinal bleeding.14,25 Estimate … of Magnitude of Net Benefit The USPSTF commissioned a microsimulation model to estimate the magnitude

87. Archived: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-use-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2002
    January 01, 2002 - early randomized trials of aspirin had conflicting results, however, and lacked sufficient power to estimate

88. Archived: Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening-july-2016
    August 09, 2016 - Burden of Disease Data from the 2011–2012 NHANES estimate … prevalence of elevated TC levels in children aged 8 to 17 years as 7.8%, and data from the 2007–2010 NHANES estimate … Participants who received the highest dose (20 mg/d) had a 50% reduction (least squares mean estimate … However, this estimate was based on a small number of deaths. 29 In addition, this study did not report … suggesting that low-fat, low-cholesterol dietary interventions may not be harmful in children. 2 Estimate

89. Screening for Bladder Cancer: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/hWPZYvUZJXUQghbFtSDC42
    August 01, 2011 - sufficient to determine the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes, but confidence in the estimate … However, the USPSTF found no reliable data with which to estimate the incremental harms associated with … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit The USPSTF found inadequate evidence on the diag- nostic accuracy

90. Archived: Gestational Diabetes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/gestational-diabetes-screening-2008
    May 15, 2008 - Given the lack of evidence to determine the accuracy of screening tests, it is difficult to estimate … Estimate of the Magnitude of Net Benefit: The USPSTF was unable to estimate the magnitude of net benefit

91. Archived: Healthy Diet and Physical Activity: Counseling for CVD Prevention in Adults | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-for-cvd-prevention-in-adults-2012
    June 15, 2012 - The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that 49.7% of U.S. adults older than 20 years … Estimate of Net Benefit The USPSTF assessed overall improvement in self-reported health behaviors, … sufficient to determine the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes, but confidence in the estimate

92. Archived: Vitamin D and Calcium to Prevent Fractures: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-d-and-calcium-to-prevent-fractures-preventive-medication-2013
    February 15, 2013 - Surveys estimate that 56% of women aged 60 years and older take supplemental vitamin D, and 60% take … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit Except for postmenopausal women, there is inadequate evidence … to estimate the benefits of vitamin D or calcium supplementation to prevent fractures in noninstitutionalized

93. Aspirin for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Q4J7tsThw_6nwfB-p-f5Hp
    March 01, 2009 - Recognition of Risk Status For many groups, available risk calculators can provide an accurate estimate … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit Aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascu- lar disease … sufficient to determine the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes, but confidence in the estimate

94. Procedure Manual Section 4. Evidence Review Development | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-section-4-evidence-review-development
    June 22, 2025 - The choice of study setting may lead to an over- or under-estimate of the benefits and harms of the intervention … outcome, with some indication of its variability) Consistency/precision (the degree to which studies estimate … The result of these methodological issues is a biased estimate of cause-specific mortality when the data

95. Archived: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
    June 15, 2016 - more than flexible sigmoidoscopy alone. 14 Modeling studies conducted by CISNET also consistently estimate … All 3 CISNET models consistently estimate that few additional life-years are gained when screening is … standard in an average-risk screening population. 1 Studies of CT colonography have not been powered to estimate … colonoscopy every 10 years generates the highest degree of associated burden or harm ( Figure ). 2 Estimate

96. The Use of Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pnyU5fxhdBUtCdvJ3GyqzR
    March 01, 2007 - In case–control stud- ies, a direct estimate of the RR is not possible. … , long-term studies, such as the 82 911 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (30), support our overall estimate … RR (95% CI) Index of Heterogeneity and Pooled Estimate RR (95% CI) Cohort studies: duration of aspirin … RR (95% CI) Index of Heterogeneity and Pooled Estimate RR (95% CI) Case-control studies: duration … RR (95% CI) Index of Heterogeneity and Pooled Estimate RR (95% CI) Cohort studies: regular aspirin

97. Primary Care Interventions to Support Breastfeeding: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/HMTQY64cVavMZjxR3mCe5E
    January 01, 2020 - sufficient to determine the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes, but confidence in the estimate … individual-level interventions and breastfeeding initiation was not significant, based on the pooled point estimate … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit There is adequate evidence that interventions to support breast-

98. Evidence Summary: Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening
    February 02, 2021 - Share to Facebook Share to X Share to WhatsApp Share to Email Print Evidence Summary Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening February 02, 2021 Recommendations made by the USPSTF are independent of the U.S. government. They should not b…

99. Tagauj5Qoarfv3M8Fapbon (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/TAgAUJ5QoaRfV3M8fApBoN
    June 03, 2019 - the effect size from mul- tiple data points for each study and to derive a pooled estimate of relative … To estimate the effectiveness of an invitation to screen compared with usual care, we also excluded the … Other sources of data must be used to estimate these consequences. … First, using WinBUGS software, we constructed a two-level Bayesian random-effects model to estimate the … effect size from multiple data points for each study and to derive a pooled estimate of relative risk

100. Evidence Summary: Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Screening and Supplementation | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-pregnant-women-screening-and-supplementation
     August 20, 2024 - Mean baseline gestational age at enrollment was used to estimate timing of dose initiation. … comparisons for which there were multiple studies comparable enough to provide a meaningful combined estimate … , 29 , 32 , 40 hypertensive disorder, or not defined 23 , 49 ) compared with placebo, although the estimate … There was statistical heterogeneity in the pooled estimate for small for gestational age.  … In addition, there was unexplained statistical heterogeneity in the pooled estimate for small for gestational