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Total Results: 931 records

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41. Archived: Evidence Summary: Drug Use, Illicit: Primary Care Interventions for Children and Adolescents | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary24/drug-use-illicit-primary-care-interventions-for-children-and-adolescents-march-2014
    March 11, 2014 - 102 2.4 (2.1) 97 2.0 (2.1)   NSD 12 mo 104 2.6 (2.2) 94 2.1 (2.2) Effect estimate … 118 0.5 (1.3) 110 1.2 (2.7) NR NSD 6 mo 102 0.3 (0.9) 97 1.2 (4.6) Effect estimate … (±SE), −0.48 ± 0.42 NSD 12 mo 104 0.4 (1.7) 94 0.6 (2.1) Effect estimate (±SE), 0.33 … (±SE), 0.08 ± 0.16 NSD 12 mo 77 2.0 (2.2) 94 2.1 (2.2) Effect estimate (±SE), −0.03 … (±SE), −1.41 ± 0.52 NSD 12 mo 77 0.5 (2.1) 94 0.6 (2.1) Effect estimate (±SE), 0.21

42. Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6fMLEz4CfAVoj9YBYVbm73
    April 17, 2018 - FINDINGS The USPSTF found inadequate evidence to estimate the benefits of vitamin D, calcium, or combined … The USPSTF found inadequate evidence to estimate the benefits of doses greater than 400 IU of vitamin … of Magnitude of Net Benefit The USPSTF found inadequate evidence to estimate the benefits of vitamin … The USPSTF concludes that there is insufficient evidence to estimate the net benefit of vitamin D, calcium … The USPSTF con- cludes that there is insufficient evidence to estimate the net ben- efit of supplementation

43. Archived: Breast Cancer: Medications for Risk Reduction | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-cancer-medications-for-risk-reduction-2013
    September 15, 2013 - Available risk assessment models can accurately estimate the number of breast cancer cases that may arise … Freedman and colleagues 8  developed risk tables that incorporate the BCPT estimate of a woman's breast … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit One breast cancer risk model found that for many women with an … Using clinical factors and mammographic breast density to estimate breast cancer risk: development and … If tamoxifen were used instead, they estimate chemoprevention would also result in the prevention of

44. 6Ngc3Byq9Jeby Pwyvd6Or (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6Ngc3byQ9jeBy_pwyvD6or
    September 01, 2014 - Several studies have attempted to estimate the rate of progression of asymptomatic CAS and predict neurologic … : MM: 17.5% CEA: 12.4% ARR: 5.1% Observed events: MM: 6.2% CEA: 4.0% ARR: 2.2% 5-y estimate: MM: 11% … CEA: 5.1% ARR: 5.9% Observed events: MM: 18.6% CEA: 15.4% ARR: 3.2% 5-y estimate: MM: 31.9% CEA: 25.6% … Summary of Main Results of Meta-analyses Outcome Studies, n Participants*, n Effect Measure† Estimate … From Main Analysis (95% CI), % I2, % PL Estimate From Sensitivity Analysis (95% CI), % CEA vs. medical

45. Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ph_fauqHQjmrSqPAWKrARA
    September 28, 2021 - Sensitivity analy- ses were conducted to estimate pooled effects under more and less conservative statistical … Size of each box (point estimate of each study) reflects the Weight column indicating the influence an … Size of each box (point estimate of each study) reflects the Weight column indicating the influence an … Size of each box (point estimate of each study) reflects the Weight column indicating the influence an … Size of each box (point estimate of each study) reflects the Weight column indicating the influence an

46. Archived: Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cognitive-impairment-in-older-adults-screening-2014
    March 18, 2014 - It is difficult to estimate the prevalence of MCI, and estimates range widely, from 3% to 42% in adults … The prevalence of older adults with MCI is difficult to estimate because of differences in the definition … Lewy bodies, and 10% to 30% is considered dementia with mixed cause 8 , 10 , 15 It is difficult to estimate … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit The USPSTF found no evidence on the direct benefits and harms … Overall, the USPSTF was unable to estimate the balance of benefits and harms of screening for cognitive

47. Archived: Evidence Summary: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-july-2014
    July 08, 2014 - Several studies have attempted to estimate the rate of progression of asymptomatic CAS and predict neurologic … An accurate estimate of potential benefit for the current primary care population is difficult to obtain … CEA: 12.4% ARR: 5.1% Observed events: MM: 6.2% CEA: 4.0% ARR: 2.2% 5-y estimate … CEA: 5.1% ARR: 5.9% Observed events: MM: 18.6% CEA: 15.4% ARR: 3.2% 5-y estimate … From Main Analysis (95% CI), % I 2 , % PL Estimate From Sensitivity Analysis (95% CI), %

48. Fan-Qvpdgnjh8Krdf4Smmv (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/FaN-QvpDgnJh8KrdF4smmv
    May 01, 2013 - Surveys estimate that 56% of women aged 60 years or older take supplemental vitamin D and 60% take a … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit Except for postmenopausal women, there is inade- quate evidence … to estimate the benefits of vitamin D or calcium supplementation to prevent fractures in noninsti- tutionalized … sufficient to determine the effects of the preventive service on health outcomes, but confidence in the estimate

49. Archived: Evidence Summary: Breast Cancer: Screening, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breast-cancer-screening-2002
    September 03, 2002 - the effect size from multiple data points for each study and to derive a pooled estimate of relative … To estimate the relative risk reduction and the number needed to invite to screening to prevent one … To estimate the effectiveness of an invitation to screen compared with usual care, we also excluded the … Other sources of data must be used to estimate these consequences. … The model to estimate summary risk was # deaths control, i ~ Binomial(π control, i , n control, i

50. Archived: Evidence Summary: Breast and Ovarian Cancer: BRCA Genetic Testing, September 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breast-and-ovarian-cancer-brca-testing-screening-2005
    September 15, 2005 - Population-based estimate of the average age-specific cumulative risk of breast cancer for a defined … Interpreting epidemiological research: blinded comparison of methods used to estimate the prevalence … For some risk groups, there are no data from genetic testing studies with which to estimate P ( G | … In Monte Carlo simulation, random samples for the estimate of P ( D + | G ) are obtained as follows. … Usually, the point estimate and its 95% CI (RR L , RR U ) are reported.

51. Zvvry6Wa4Sgj-Ejb3Brcvy (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/zVVRY6wa4Sgj-EJb3BRcVy
    November 01, 2013 - Available risk assessment models can accurately estimate the number of breast cancer cases that may arise … If tamoxifen were used instead, Freedman and colleagues estimate chemoprevention would result in 25 … If tamoxifen were used instead, Freedman and colleagues estimate chemoprevention would result in 36 … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit One breast cancer risk model found that for many women with an … If tamoxifen were used instead, Freedman and colleagues estimate chemoprevention would result in 12

52. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: A Targeted, Updated Systematic Review (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UCajZVxQEKLCgs59HV7ddE
    November 01, 2008 - Because of the stringency of our inclusion criteria for studies to estimate rates of endoscopy harms … However, existing models can indirectly estimate potential adverse effects for lifetime attributable … Researchers have used CT colonography screening studies already discussed (49, 53, 54) to estimate the … We could not estimate complications by age because of limitations in study reporting. … Sensitivity for smaller polyps is harder to estimate because of inconsistent reporting but suggests about

53. Archived: Coronary Heart Disease: Screening Using Non-Traditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/coronary-heart-disease-screening-using-non-traditional-risk-factors-2009
    October 15, 2009 - This analysis did provide an unbiased estimate that approximately 10% of women would be reclassified … among those with 0 to 10 teeth at baseline, compared with those who had 25 to 32 teeth (combined risk estimate … comparing lipoprotein(a) levels of 300 mg/L or greater with levels less than 300 mg/L. 13 The pooled estimate … . 28 For studies that adjusted for all Framingham risk variables (including diabetes), the summary estimate … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit C-reactive protein is the only risk marker for which magnitude

54. Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/by8VJVre6h6BmadrGxaFMM
    April 01, 2016 - The USPSTF then used a microsimulation model to systemati- cally estimate the balance of benefits and … Balance of Benefits and Harms The USPSTF used a CVD microsimulation model to estimate cardiovascular … Additional research is needed to better estimate the harms of aspirin-induced GI bleeding. … Estimate of Magnitude of Net Benefit The USPSTF used a microsimulation model to esti- mate the magnitude … The USPSTF then used a microsimula- tion model to systematically estimate the balance of benefits and

55. Ced9Pf3Pnuhruptzxqza-N (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/cED9Pf3PNUHRUptzXQza-n
    April 01, 2016 - Objective: To estimate distributions of radiation-induced breast cancer incidence and mortality from … We used data from the BCSC, DMIST, and other sources in 2 simulation models to estimate radia- tion exposure … MISCAN-Fadia model were combined with the mean radiation dose from the radiation exposure model to estimate … of cumulative radiation dose at each age among women from the radiation exposure model were used to estimate … We could not estimate 95% CIs for deaths averted with screening because of the computational complexity

56. Archived: Evidence Summary: Depression: Screening 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/depression-screening-2002
    May 07, 2002 - of clinically significant changes in clinical outcomes, we used meta-analysis to determine a summary estimate … The summary estimate of the risk difference was -9 percent (CI, -14 percent to -4 percent). … Bottom (B): Summary estimate of absolute risk reduction in persistent depression with screening as compared … 12]] Top (A): Summary estimate … Bottom (B): Summary estimate of absolute risk reduction in persistent depression with screening as compared

57. Modeling Study: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-modeling-study18/colorectal-cancer-screening
    May 18, 2021 - colorectal cancer screening recommendations, 3 , 4 the USPSTF requested an updated modeling study to estimate … intended to inform population guidelines, perfect adherence to screening strategies was assumed to estimate … A strength of this study is that it used 3 distinct simulation models to estimate the LYG and colonoscopy

58. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2Wc3FRHpVDPX2jT_WzjEXX
    July 31, 2020 - and bleeding, and extracolonic findings on CT colonography increase with age.9,10 Mod- eling studies estimate … b Mean estimate across the 3 Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network colorectal cancer … age to begin screening 6000 90003000 Additional tests if start screening at age 45 y by type Mean estimate … 10 14128 164 6 Lifetime No. of complications per 1000 screened, by age to begin screening 2 Mean estimate … a Outcomes are expressed per 1000 40-year-olds who start screening at age 45 or at age 50. b Mean estimate

59. Archived: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
    April 11, 2016 - Additional research is needed to better estimate the harms of aspirin-induced GI bleeding. … to determining the parameters and assumptions used in the decision-analysis model, which was used to estimate … Medication The USPSTF used a calculator derived from the 2013 ACC/AHA pooled cohort equations to estimate … of Magnitude of Net Benefit The USPSTF used a microsimulation model to estimate the magnitude of net … The USPSTF then used a microsimulation model to systematically estimate the balance of benefits and harms

60. Primary Care–Relevant Interventions for Tobacco and Nicotine Use Prevention and Cessation in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/p6k4ooduXN8RQoVGS9H5Sx
    March 01, 2011 - usual care on the likelihood of adult smoking (odds ratio [OR], 0.78 [95% CI, 0.56-1.09), although the estimate … who did not.51 In another trial, bupropion was associated with abnormal dreams vs placebo, but the estimate … and drug use scores not different with nurse home visits vs control Unknown consistency; imprecise estimate … prevalence of smoking, 15.3% vs 18.5% (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.56-1.09]) Unknown consistency; imprecise estimate … , abnormal dreams, muscle pain, and patch-related adverse events than placebo Consistency unknown; estimate