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221. Suppl-2-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/suppl-2-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
     January 01, 2011 - 177 Abstract This supplement describes how counterfactual theory is used to define causal effects and the conditions in which observed data can be used to estimate counterfactual-based causal effects. Basic definitions and language used in causal graph theory are then presented. The graphical separation rules linki…

222. Executive Summary_Blood-Based Tests for Multiple Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cell-free-dna-executive-summary.pdf
     May 01, 2025 - Pan-cancer characterization of cell-free immune-related miRNA identified as a robust biomarker for cancer diagnosis … Multiplexed nanomaterial-assisted laser desorption/ionization for pan-cancer diagnosis and classification … Integrative modeling of tumor genomes and epigenomes for enhanced cancer diagnosis by cell-free DNA

223. Disposition of Comments: Management of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/suicidal-thoughts-youth-disposition-comments.pdf
     April 10, 2025 - Specifically, treatments are historically developed and therefore researched specific to diagnoses … Relatedly, suicidality and NSSI are not standalone diagnoses in the DSM. … Understandably, not everyone with suicidality and/or NSSI meet criteria for a DSM diagnosis. … Published Online: April 10, 2025 13 Commentator and Affiliation Section Comment Response context of diagnosis … did not have a diagnosed mental illness (i.e., had not received adequate previous services where a diagnosis

224. chronic-fatigue-protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/chronic-fatigue_research-protocol.pdf
     May 01, 2014 - online: May 1, 2014 Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol Project Title: Diagnosis … led to wide variations in the clinical management of patients, including uncertainty in etiology, diagnosis … diagnostic methods and what conditions are required to be ruled out or excluded before assigning a diagnosis … Exclude: • Children and adolescents • Patients with other underlying diagnosis • Interventions … Analytic Framework for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

225. Intergrated and Comprehensive Pain Management Programs: Effectiveness and Harms: Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/cer-251-integrated-pain-management-evidence-summary.pdf
     October 01, 2021 - Specifics of pain diagnoses or characteristics and patient factors were not generally reported in studies

226. Improving Rural Health Through Telehealth-Guided Provider-to-Provider Communication (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rural-telehealth-disposition-comments.pdf
     December 26, 2022 - patient may have been different as an effect of the virtual visits, including access to care or speed to diagnoses-interventions

227. Hawley-notes-151016 copy - Teresa (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/hawley-presentation.pdf
     May 29, 2025 - Minorities tend  to  receive  less preventive  services, and  are  at later stages at diagnosis. … Regarding  diagnosis, a  recent paper showed  what we  have  known  now for decades -­-­ that  African … cancer registries to  survey large  numbers of cancer patients usually within  6 to  9 months of their diagnosis

228. Disposition of Comments Report for Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/hepatitis-c_disposition-comments.pdf
     November 27, 2012 - Generally, ongoing substance abuse and major psychiatric diagnoses are relatively strong contraindications … , and now patients may be treated even in circumstances of ongoing substance abuse or psychiatric diagnoses … Discussion The Clinical Practice Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment … KDOQI US Commentary on the KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Evaluation

229. Strategies to De-escalate Aggressive Behavior in Psychiatric Patients (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/aggression_disposition-comments.pdf
     July 14, 2016 - Regarding the inclusion of delirium: we agree that delirium is a psychiatric diagnosis distinct from … decision to include agitation due to delirium alongside agitation due to more traditional psychiatric diagnoses … We agree that delirium is a psychiatric diagnosis distinct from what many consider a “traditional” … provided data on the use of pulse oximetry to reduce harm from, or the moderating effect of specific diagnoses … actively with AHRQ, in particular by helping to identify and engage commenters with mood disorder diagnoses

230. Modeling to evaluate benefits and harms of new diagnostic tests compared to established diagnostic tests – uses and limitations (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/benefits-harms-modeling_research.pdf
     November 19, 2009 - considering improvements in accuracy, as well as potential shifts in the disease spectrum for positive diagnoses … For example, in colon cancer diagnosis, both capsule endoscopy (index test) and colonoscopy (reference … not necessarily undesirable as long as there are no changes in the disease spectrum for the positive diagnoses … Home diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. … Diagnostic test accuracy may vary with prevalence: implications for evidence- based diagnosis.

231. VU EPC DBD Protocol_AHRQ comments_revised_clean (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/disruptive-behavior-disorder_research-protocol.pdf
     January 30, 2014 - disruptive behaviors are also heterogeneous and are often present in the absence of a specific DBD diagnosis … current review on studies in which the aim of treatment is a disruptive behavior, with or without a DBD diagnosis … We will document diagnoses and consider whether the results can be stratified by diagnostic categories … We will document diagnoses and consider whether the results can be stratified by severity, comorbidity … We will assess how patient age, treatment history, co-occurring diagnoses, and symptom severity are

232. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Executive Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/adhd_executive.pdf
     October 01, 2011 - of inattention and overactivity and confound the diagnosis. … The controversy around accurate diagnosis is particularly heightened with documented increases in diagnosis … More children in the Midwest and South receive diagnoses and ADHD medications relative to the western … The differential cultural differences in beliefs and attitudes about the changes over time in ADHD diagnoses … The way diagnoses and interventions are actually used in day­to­day clinical practice in the community

233. Cancer-Pancreas Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-pancreas_research-protocol.pdf
     August 09, 2013 - Advances in diagnosis, treatment and palliation of pancreatic carcinoma: 1990–2010. … Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging of exocrine pancreatic cancer. … exp pancreatic neoplasms/di or pancreatic cyst/di 19 Diagnos$.mp. or early diagnosis/ or diagnosis … , differential/ or diagnosis/ or neuroendocrine tumor/di [Diagnosis] or Source: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov … pancreatitis/di [Diagnosis] 22 pancreatitis, chronic/di, pa, us [Diagnosis, Pathology, Ultrasonography

234. Stroke Prevention in Atr ial Fibr illation Patients: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/stroke-afib-update_research-protocol-amended.pdf
     October 27, 2017 - o Diagnostic thinking efficacy (defined as how using diagnostic technologies help or confirm the diagnosis … OR “brain vascular accident”[tiab] OR “brain vascular accidents”[tiab] #4 #1 AND #2 AND #3 #5 ("diagnosis … "[Mesh] OR "diagnosis"[Subheading] OR "diagnosis"[tiab] OR diagnose[tiab] OR diagnoses[tiab] OR diagnostic … tiab] OR haemorrhages[tiab] OR haemorrhaging[tiab] OR haemorrhagic[tiab] #4 #1 AND #2 AND #3 #5 ("diagnosis … "[Mesh] OR "diagnosis"[Subheading] OR "diagnosis"[tiab] OR diagnose[tiab] OR diagnoses[tiab] OR diagnostic

235. Disposition of Comments Report for Local Hepatic Therapies for Metastases to the Liver From Unresectable Colorectal Cancer (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/colorectal-cancer-liver-metastases-therapies_disposition-comments.pdf
     December 11, 2012 - Disposition of Comments Report for Local Hepatic Therapies for Metastases to the Liver From Unresectable Colorectal Cancer Source: http://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/search-for-guides-reviews-and- reports/?pageaction=displayproduct&productID=1355 Published Online: December 11, 2012 Comparative Effectivenes…

236. Ch 6-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_6-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
     October 30, 2012 - Candidates might include new diagnoses of genital warts, or new diagnoses of the precancerous conditions … outcomes include: when investigators are not blinded to the hypothesis of the study, and “rule-out” diagnoses … validate the occurrence of the outcome of interest, including to exclude erroneous or “rule- out” diagnoses … diagnosis code. … For some complex diagnoses, such as unstable angina, a standard clinical definition must be applied

237. Transparency of Reporting Requirements: Management of Infertility (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/transparency-infertility_research-protocol.pdf
     September 02, 2016 - available treatment strategies for couples with male factor infertility and no evidence of an underlying diagnosis … “Vasovasostomy”[MeSH] OR “Urofollitropin”[MeSH] OR “electrocoagulation”[MeSH] OR “Preimplantation Diagnosis … OR “ovulation prediction”[tiab] OR “ovidrel”[tiab] OR “assisted hatching”[tiab] OR “preimplantation diagnosis … ”[tiab] OR “preimplantation genetic diagnosis”[tiab] OR “preimplantation screening”[tiab] OR “preimplantation … criteria/evaluation (e.g., WHO categories); insurance status (particularly coverage of infertility diagnosis

238. CER 217 Disposition of Comments: Management of Infertility (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-217-management-of-infertility-comments.pdf
     May 14, 2019 - Given the desire to organize the treatment choices by diagnosis, lack of specific details on diagnosis-specific … treatment is an inherent limitation, particularly since a measure of association averaged across all diagnoses … may over- or underestimate the treatment effect for specific diagnoses. … this report is very broad and expansive in its goal of evaluating the evidence across infertility diagnoses … overall conclusions ("Although the risk of some cancers is increased in women with some infertility diagnoses

239. Point-Of-Care Research (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/point-of-care_research.pdf
     April 01, 2014 - Comparative Effectiveness of Core-Needle and Open Surgical Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Breast Lesions … Effectiveness of Early Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection. … Diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder (non-neurogenic) in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline. … Comparative Effectiveness of Core-Needle and Open Surgical Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Breast Lesions … Effectiveness of Early Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection.

240. Bar-Cohen_ ECCS2012 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/bar-cohen_-eccs2012.pdf
     January 01, 2012 - Bar-Cohen_ ECCS2012 Slide 1: Addressing  Tensions  When Social/Family Support and Evidence-­‐ Based Care Collide Annette Bar-­‐Cohen, M.A., M.P.H., Discussant Executive Director, Center for NBCC Advocacy Training National Breast Cancer  Coalition,  Washington,  DC …