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701. Screening for Cardiovascular Disease Risk With Resting or Exercise Electrocardiography: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/RRALFxUMfP7TXazQY32ZbG
     June 12, 2018 - each included study, 1 investigator extracted pertinent informa- tion about the populations, tests or treatments … benefits and harms of preventive medications to reduce cardiovascular risk (ie, aspirin and lipid-lowering therapy … Those with positive findings were referred to cardiologists, and all subsequent investigations and treatments … f Antihypertensive treatment received by 74.3% of study patients; mean systolic blood pressure, 140 mm … Effect of statin treatment vs usual care on primary cardiovascular prevention among older adults: the

702. Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan6/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening
     September 15, 2013 - for confirmation (or no confirmation) of the diagnosis of hypertension at a subsequent encounter, and treatment … *Elevated blood pressure is defined as the threshold for pharmacologic treatment. … underlying causes of high blood pressure, and highly selected groups of patients (e.g., patients with diabetes … Analytic Framework, elevated blood pressure is now generally defined as the threshold for pharmacologic treatment … Additional comments addressed issues already covered by the Key Questions, treatment questions that this

703. Archived: Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan6/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-october-2015
     September 15, 2013 - for confirmation (or no confirmation) of the diagnosis of hypertension at a subsequent encounter, and treatment … *Elevated blood pressure is defined as the threshold for pharmacologic treatment. … underlying causes of high blood pressure, and highly selected groups of patients (e.g., patients with diabetes … Analytic Framework, elevated blood pressure is now generally defined as the threshold for pharmacologic treatment … Additional comments addressed issues already covered by the Key Questions, treatment questions that this

704. Archived: Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan6/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-monitoring-october-2015
     September 15, 2013 - for confirmation (or no confirmation) of the diagnosis of hypertension at a subsequent encounter, and treatment … *Elevated blood pressure is defined as the threshold for pharmacologic treatment. … underlying causes of high blood pressure, and highly selected groups of patients (e.g., patients with diabetes … Analytic Framework, elevated blood pressure is now generally defined as the threshold for pharmacologic treatment … Additional comments addressed issues already covered by the Key Questions, treatment questions that this

705. Archived: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening-january-2017
     January 24, 2017 - health outcomes associated with untreated OSA include cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular events, diabetes … In addition, studies that evaluate the effect of OSA treatments or interventions on health outcomes ( … USPSTF reviewed evidence from 50 fair- to good-quality trials that evaluated the effect of various treatments … Thus, it is unclear whether treatments that improve AHI would also improve mortality. … A subset of studies that evaluated the effectiveness of various OSA treatments also reported on harms

706. Archived: Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening, December 2007 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening-december-2007
     December 15, 2007 - Good evidence indicates that both the testing strategy and the treatment with carotid endarterectomy … Because the magnitude of potential surgical harms is such an important consideration in the treatment … study, and would not have included treatments that are now considered to be optimal medical management … It is difficult to determine what effect current standard medical therapy would have on overall benefit … individuals age 55 years or older with cardiovascular risk factors, such as a history of hypertension, diabetes

707. Archived: Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Women: Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tobacco-use-in-adults-and-pregnant-women-counseling-and-interventions-september-2015
     September 21, 2015 - Although no ENDS manufacturer has applied to the FDA to have its product approved as a therapeutic device … pulmonary disease and tuberculosis), cardiovascular disease (such as stroke from secondhand smoke), diabetes … fair-quality systematic reviews on behavioral interventions, including complementary or alternative therapies … Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. … Adverse events associated with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation.

708. Evidence Summary: Thyroid Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/thyroid-cancer-screening
     May 09, 2017 - treatment). … surgery, radioactive iodine therapy), and type of outcome. … , with or without lymph node dissection (unilateral, bilateral, or not specified; and prophylactic, therapeutic … National Cancer Institute; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and the National Institute of Diabetes … and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch).

709. Recommendation: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-for-the-primary-prevention-of-fractures-in-adults-preventive-medication
     April 17, 2018 - Fracture incidence after 3 years of aromatase inhibitor therapy. … Osteoporosis in men: epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. … Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol . 2017;5(6):438-47. 17. Scragg R, Stewart AW, Waayer D, et al. … Clinician's guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. … Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice

710. Vitamin and Mineral Supplements for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/U4Vu9hcmHtD7snox6qbPja
     June 21, 2022 - predominantly healthy populations without known nutritional de- ficiencies, this review also did not cover therapeutic … Vitamin D therapy to reduce blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in resistant hypertension … Combination treatment with estrogen and calcitriol in the prevention of age-related bone loss. … Vitamin D supplementation and prevention of type 2 diabetes. … Zinc acetate lozenges for the treatment of the common cold: a randomised controlled trial.

711. Archived: Folic Acid/Folate Prophylaxis to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Preventive Medication, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/folic-acid-prevent-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-1996
     January 01, 1996 - associated with an increased risk of having an affected pregnancy, as is maternal insulin-dependent diabetes … Patients under therapy with medications that interfere with folic acid metabolism (e.g., treatments for … vegans or persons with AIDS), and those with epilepsy whose seizures are controlled by anticonvulsant therapy … Folic acid as therapeutic agent. BMJ . 1947;1:587–591. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] 79. … Folic acid therapy and spinal-cord degeneration in pernicious anemia.

712. Archived: Evidence Summary: Physical Activity: Behavior Counseling in Primary Care, July 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/physical-activity-behavioral-counseling-primary-care-2002
     July 01, 2002 - risk factors for many chronic diseases and conditions, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes … excluded one ongoing trial that has not yet reported results for the physical activity intervention in the treatment … The remaining trials were rated as fair quality because treatment and control groups differed significantly … The authors of this article are responsible for its contents, including any clinical or treatment recommendations

713. Recommendation: Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/falls-prevention-community-dwelling-older-adults-interventions
     June 04, 2024 - Treatment or Intervention Effective exercise interventions include supervised individual physical therapy … cardiovascular disease mortality, and all-cause mortality, as well as lower blood pressure, lower risk of type 2 diabetes … This comprehensive assessment should be distinguished from the evaluation and treatment of a patient … ), nutrition therapy, education, medication management, urinary incontinence management, environmental … modification, physical or occupational therapy, social or community services, and referral to specialists

714. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/gW6MHsqzJ7Nn4a7S6S_9UN
     June 04, 2024 - Treatment or Intervention Effective exercise interventions include supervised individual physical therapy … disease mortality, and all- cause mortality, as well as lower blood pressure, lower risk of type 2 diabetes … This comprehensive assessment should be distinguished from the evaluation and treatment of a patient … ), nutrition therapy, education, medication management, urinary inconti- nence management, environmental … modification, physical or occu- pational therapy, social or community services, and referral to spe-

715. T6Tquunynv3Twm65Bfash2 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/T6Tquunynv3tWM65BFash2
     October 01, 2015 - The only pharmacotherapy in- terventions approved by the FDA for the treatment of tobacco dependence … for tobacco dependence and assess- ing the delivery of this treatment in staff performance evaluations … Although no ENDS manufac- turer has applied to the FDA to have its product ap- proved as a therapeutic … pulmonary dis- ease and tuberculosis), cardiovascular disease (such as stroke from secondhand smoke), diabetes … fair-quality systematic reviews on behavioral interventions, including complementary or alternative therapies

716. Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6fMLEz4CfAVoj9YBYVbm73
     April 17, 2018 - High prevalence of vertebral fractures in women with breast cancer starting aromatase inhibitor therapy … Osteoporosis in men: epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. … Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;5(6):438-447. 17. Scragg R, Stewart AW, Waayer D, et al. … Clinician’s guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. … Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice

717. Recommendation: Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cvd-and-cancer-preventive-medication
     June 21, 2022 - capable of pregnancy take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400-800 µg) of folic acid. 4 Treatment … factors (eg, environmental exposures, systemic racism, disparities in access to care, and disparities in treatment … Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol . 2022;10(2):120-128. 41. van Wijngaarden JP, Swart KM, Enneman AW, et al

718. Preeclampsia Screening Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/LgA7neX9UurPQRh3pJaYXY
     April 25, 2017 - Studies published before 1990 were excluded because of changes in diagnostic criteria and treatments … Studies among women with chronic hypertension, diabetes melli- tus, or elevated risk for preeclampsia … statistically significant differ- ences between groups on maternal health outcomes (eg, gesta- tional diabetes … (18.5) NR .03 Other maternal morbidity Cystitis 33/1019 (3.3) 15/933 (1.7) NR <.001 Gestational diabetes … Drugs for treatment of very high blood pressure during pregnancy.

719. Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/umGzAGWUVDPcnmbdYnHf_a
     March 23, 2022 - capable of pregnancy take a daily supplement contain- ing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400-800 μg) of folic acid.4 Treatment … (eg, environmental exposures, systemic rac- ism, disparities in access to care, and disparities in treatment … Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(2):120-128. doi:10.1016/S2213- 8587(21)00345-4 41. van Wijngaarden

720. Does Counseling by Clinicians Improve Physical Activity? A Summary of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/MeDkbyweVDHdpNgerFahn4
     January 01, 2010 - risk factors for many chronic diseases and conditions, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes … The authors of this article are responsible for its contents, including any clinical or treatment recommendations … excluded 1 ongoing trial that has not yet reported results for the physical activity intervention in the treatment … were rated as good quality (Table 1).20,25 The remaining trials were rated as fair quality because treatment