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121. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DxeDM5ywg2J7SwKmETXfbX
     May 01, 2021 - .4 Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are an alternative therapy to positive airway pressure for … .15,16 Surgical interventions for OSA are available, but they gen- erally are not considered first-line treatments … pain or discomfort.15,16 In general, the adverse events related to posi- tive airway pressure and MAD therapy … The focus of this recommendation is first-line therapies for OSA. … Surgical therapies are typically reserved for patients who do not respond to first-line therapies or

122. Final Research Plan: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication
     November 05, 2020 - What are the harms of statin treatment?     b. … 18 years or with a prior CVD-related event or familial hyperlipidemia Interventions Statin therapy … no statin KQ 1b: Dosing statin to target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level vs. fixed dose therapy … KQ 3: Higher- vs. lower-intensity statin therapy Other comparisons Outcomes KQs 1, 3: … mortality; all-cause mortality; quality of life KQ 2: Myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, myalgia, cognitive loss, diabetes

123. Archived: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Screening, 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-adults-screening-2004
     January 01, 2004 - Results from a study of women with diabetes who were treated for asymptomatic bacteriuria demonstrated … complications. 1 Although there were short-term results in clearing bacteriuria with antimicrobial therapy … Antimicrobial treatment in diabetic women with asymptomatic bacteriuria.

124. Final Research Plan: Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening
     August 19, 2021 - What are the harms of treatment of FH or multifactorial dyslipidemia in children and adolescents? … What is the optimal timing of statin treatment initiation for FH? … initiation KQs 4, 5 (Treatment benefits and harms): Treatment studies can have populations identified … benefits and harms): No treatment or usual care   Outcomes KQs 1, 4 (Screening and treatment … idiopathic hypercalcemia, Klinefelter syndrome, Werner syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, type 1 or 2 diabetes

125. Recommendation: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Assessment With Nontraditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cardiovascular-disease-screening-using-nontraditional-risk-assessment
     July 10, 2018 - Treatments and Interventions Asymptomatic adults at increased risk for CVD are usually treated with … Two RCTs (total N = 4626) compared using the ABI to guide decisions to start aspirin therapy vs usual … the effect of screening with CAC score on risk perception, adherence to medication, and behavioral therapies … Some comments also expressed belief that CAC score testing leads to better adherence to preventive therapies … Group; Diabetes Registry Group; Royal College of Physicians Edinburgh.

126. Archived: Evidence Summary: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/aspirin-use-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2002
     January 15, 2002 - The proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus was small in each trial (PPP, 17 percent; HOT, 8 percent … In PHS, patients with diabetes derived greater benefit from aspirin than those without diabetes (RR, … Aspirin effects on mortality and morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus. … Aspirin as a therapeutic agent in cardiovascular disease: A statement for healthcare professionals from … Control No placebo Placebo Placebo Placebo No placebo Additional therapies

127. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events: A Summary of the Evidence (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/xUc_vXf7323faUQY7SePhT
     January 01, 2002 - Placebo Placebo Placebo No placebo Additional None β-Carotene Warfarinb Felodipine with Vitamin E therapies … treatment and control groups. … In PHS, patients with diabetes derived greater benefit from aspirin than those without diabetes (RR, … Aspirin effects on mortality and morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus. … Aspirin as a therapeutic agent in cardiovascular disease: a statement for healthcare professionals from

128. Recommendation: Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/carotid-artery-stenosis-screening
     February 02, 2021 - carotid artery stenosis, including older age, male sex, hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes … Treatment Medical and surgical options are available for treatment of carotid artery stenosis. … disease and often includes statins, antiplatelet medications, management of hypertension and diabetes … These studies included participants with cardiovascular disease risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension … conducted during the 1990s. 8 Many study participants had hypertension, coronary artery disease, or diabetes

129. Nontraditional Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_nVeFxDCT9L-_cnDf_V3fK
     July 17, 2018 - Given that risk estimates are used to guide preventive therapy such as as- pirin and statins,6,8-10 improved … and appraise updated evidence on the benefits and harms of nontraditional risk factor assessment and therapy … for each KQ or method- ological and clinical heterogeneity, including differences in out- comes and treatments … initiate preventive therapies have been lowered to 7.5% or 10%, and reported NRI will capture movement … In the absence of this evidence, studies in which preventive therapies were guided by nontraditional

130. Screening For Impaired Visual Acuity In Older Adults: Clinical Summary (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/n6zHNuxCoZRTdKJ_m2JFtU
     July 07, 2009 - Additional risk factors include: • Smoking, alcohol use, exposure to ultraviolet light, diabetes, corticosteroids … There is evidence that early treatment of refractive error, cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration

131. Using Nontraditional Risk Factors in Coronary Heart Disease Risk Assessment: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/gXnmnkofo8FxoLnCmXJDjb
     October 01, 2009 - diabetes will fall into the intermediate-risk category. … Some con- sider diabetes as a CHD equivalent and others use it as a risk factor for CHD. … would be restratified into high- risk groups, the benefit of aggressive medical management or other treatments … The benefits of such therapy based on this strat- egy remain uncertain. … Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1845-50. [PMID: 12351489] 12.

132. 11th Annual Report to Congress on High-Priority Evidence Gaps for Clinical Preventive Services (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/2021-uspstf-annual-report-to-congress.pdf
     January 01, 2021 - • Assess the effects of lifestyle interventions and medical treatments for screen-detected prediabetes … highest prevalence of diabetes … • Assess the effects of lifestyle interventions and medical treatments for screen-detected prediabetes … Final Research Plan Menopausal Hormone Therapy to Prevent Chronic Conditions Oral Health in Youth … Deficiency Draft Research Plan Folic Acid to Prevent Neural Tube Defects Menopausal Hormone Therapy

133. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/VwvmgA5bLZZJhK6YSqRonU
     November 01, 2022 - • Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure or mandibular advancement devices can improve … apnea-hypopnea index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, and blood pressure) in populations referred for treatment … outcomes associated with untreated OSA include cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular events, type 2 diabetes

134. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review fo the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/k_QR3hvh2jVSPPLu6Q6m6r
     November 13, 2022 - Statin therapy was not significantly associated with increased diabetes risk overall (RR, 1.04 [95% CI … Pravastatin and the development of diabetes mellitus: evidence for a protective treatment effect in the … Statin therapy: diabetes mellitus risk and cardiovascular benefit in primary prevention. … Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from … Risk of incident diabetes with intensive-dose compared with moderate-dose statin therapy: a meta-analysis

135. Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease With Nontraditional Risk Factors: US Preventive Services Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6cRgd5whkAvSGESSQsrQLR
     January 01, 2020 - Treatments and Interventions Asymptomatic adults at increased risk for CVD are usually treated with … Two RCTs (total N = 4626) compared using the ABI to guide decisions to start aspirin therapy vs usual … the effect of screening with CAC score on risk perception, adherence to medication, and behav- ioral therapies … Some comments also expressed belief that CAC score testing leads to better adherence to preven- tive therapies … Group; Diabetes Registry Group; Royal College of Physicians Edinburgh.

136. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Z6Rfj-qwfoMbuLp-hBmhzS
     May 01, 2021 - Comparison of therapeutic and subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive … Randomised prospective parallel trial of therapeutic versus subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive … Ambulatory blood pressure after therapeutic and subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure … Randomised study of three non-surgical treatments in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea. … The effect of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

137. Archived: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     April 11, 2016 - , diabetes, and smoking. … Treatment and Dosage The optimal dose of aspirin to prevent CVD events is not known. … No data exist on the role of aspirin therapy in racial/ethnic groups. … The American Diabetes Association suggests low-dose aspirin therapy for primary prevention in patients … Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report 14. JAMA . 1992;268:1292-300. 21.

138. Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children: Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BwAo_shwmJLSRguyWxaXpP
     July 01, 2007 - • Children and adolescents with diabetes may be at especially high risk for dyslipidemia and cardiovascular … Screening children and adolescents with diabetes for dyslipidemia has been recommended by other groups … Secondary causes of dyslipidemia include diabetes, nephrotic syndrome, and hypothyroidism.2 The USPSTF … Efficacy and safety of cholestyramine therapy in peripubertal and prepubertal children with familial … Garlic extract therapy in children with hypercholesterolemia.

139. PII: S0749-3797(01)00255-0 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/yw_rbA_nQrCnkaN8X5t56S
     January 01, 2001 - Drug therapy appears to have little effect on total mortality after 5 to 7 years of treatment in lower-risk … after 5 to 10 years of treatment; the incremental benefit from beginning therapy earlier is, therefore … elderly, and younger people with mul- tiple risk factors or with diabetes. … American Diabetes Association. … American Diabetes Association: clinical practice recommendations 1999.

140. Archived: Evidence Summary: Lipid Disorders in Adults (Cholesterol, Dyslipidemia): Screening, 2001 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/lipid-disorders-in-adults-cholesterol-dyslipidemia-screening-2001
     April 09, 2001 - Drug therapy appears to have little effect on total mortality after 5 to 7 years of treatment in lower-risk … after 5 to 10 years of treatment; the incremental benefit from beginning therapy earlier is, therefore … elderly, and younger people with multiple risk factors or with diabetes. … American Diabetes Association. … American Diabetes Association: clinical practice recommendations 1999.