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101. Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2GDCmTe7akyrAHsTMbfz72
     May 06, 2022 - ardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the US.1 Aspirin has long been a recommended therapy … Optimal Treatment (HOT) study. … Low-dose aspirin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and reduced glomerular filtration rate: subanalysis … Aspirin treatment and risk of first incident cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes … Annual risk of major bleeding among persons without cardiovascular disease not receiving antiplatelet therapy

102. Eleventh Annual Report to Congress on High-Priority Evidence Gaps for Clinical Preventive Services | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/reports-congress/eleventh-annual-report-congress-high-priority-evidence-gaps-clinical-preventive-services
     January 01, 2021 - Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Examine the effects of screening on health outcomes … in populations disproportionately affected by diabetes, particularly racial and ethnic groups that have … a higher prevalence of diabetes than White people. … Assess the effects of lifestyle interventions and medical treatments for screen-detected prediabetes … prevalence of diabetes. 

103. Archived: Final Research Plan: Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan141/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening-june-2017
     February 12, 2015 - The analytic framework also depicts the possible adverse events occurring after screening (KQ2) or treatment … Hispanic, black, or American Indian/Alaska Native ethnicity) or obesity-related medical problems (e.g., diabetes … Outcomes Child health outcomes: Reduced asthma or sleep apnea Decreased morbidity from diabetes … Cardiometabolic measures (only when weight-related measures are also reported): insulin resistance/blood glucose/diabetes … ) or other treatment-related harms reported in trials meeting inclusion criteria for intermediate or

104. Bleeding Risks With Aspirin Use for Primary Prevention in Adults: A Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/j69Hq5ALvzg74e-ngkzSep
     April 01, 2016 - colorectal cancer prevention) and conducted sensitivity analyses by dose, frequency, and duration of therapy … We calculated absolute treatment effects for bleed- ing outcomes to represent the range of control group … Clinical features of gastroduodenal injury associated with long-term low-dose aspirin therapy [Editorial … Aspirin treatment and risk of first incident cardio- vascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes … Aspirin therapy in primary cardiovascular disease prevention: a position paper of the European Society

105. PII: S0749-3797(01)00266-5 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/aJ-xmGLsKqLQbQsBqodKZ5
     January 01, 2001 - 5 years of initiating therapy. … Drug therapy is usually more effective than diet alone, but choice of treatment should consider overall … for heart disease, including smoking cessation, treatment of blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, … Long-term adherence to therapies should be emphasized. … Screen- ing could subject some low-risk people to the inconve- nience and expense of treatments that

106. Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/P2BsfdYoqKa6-9a-Wh5VqB
     RECOMMENDATION Population General adult population without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes … available to quantify a person’s 10-year risk for cardiac events, such as the Framingham-based Adult Treatment … small net benefit in adult patients without cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes

107. Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Summary (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/h-FnuqpAKFeMyTDcr_m9tS
     factors for CVD are older age, male sex, race/ethnicity, abnormal lipid levels, high blood pressure, diabetes … Treatment and Dosage A reasonable approach consistent with the evidence is to prescribe 81 mg/d (the … for carotid artery stenosis, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, lipid disorders, obesity, diabetes

108. Final Research Plan: Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/healthy-lifestyle-and-physical-activity-for-cvd-prevention-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling
     June 04, 2020 - Secondary or tertiary prevention of CVD Weight loss or weight loss maintenance * Cancer prevention or treatment … Prevention or treatment of diabetes Prevention or treatment of cognitive decline Prevention of … adolescents Parents (if intended behavior change is directed toward children) Persons with known CVD or diabetes … tolerance, or 6-minute walk) Dichotomized versions of CVD risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes

109. Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ERAa_Bwr7hQxqZZ-X3p8Qh
     May 10, 2022 - The results from the clinical trials of pharmacologic therapy are consistent with the previous review … patients and an association of inhaled corticosteroids use with the risk of developing diabetes. … 2 What are the adverse effects of COPD treatments in this population? … Overall, the results from the clini- cal trials of pharmacologic therapy are consistent with the previ … minimally symptomatic persons with moderate airflow obstruction Limited evaluation of pharmacologic therapies

110. Screening and Treatment for Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Evidence Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/CW23r2jqogvTG2_-kBjRxH
     January 01, 2007 - Trials of drug therapy in children with heterozygous FH or FCH are included because drug treatment … Benefits and adverse effects of therapies were considered equally important and both types of outcomes … Eleven trials evaluated drug therapies for treatment of children with probable or definite heterozygous … Reynauld's phenomenon occurred during therapy (1) but treatment continued without recurrence. … Fair to poor for diet and exercise treatments.

111. Evidence Summary: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Assessment With Nontraditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary--html/cardiovascular-disease-screening-using-nontraditional-risk-assessment
     July 10, 2018 - Given that risk estimates are used to guide preventive therapy such as aspirin and statins, 6 , 8-10 … studies for each KQ or methodological and clinical heterogeneity, including differences in outcomes and treatments … thresholds to initiate preventive therapies have been lowered to 7.5% or 10%, and reported NRI will … In the absence of this evidence, studies in which preventive therapies were guided by nontraditional … Diabetes Care . 2011;34(10):2285-2290. 62.

112. Using Nontraditional Risk Factors in Coronary Heart Disease Risk Assessment: Clinical Summary of U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/BdMLHKcM_9Qs9C4z-X8GJY
     October 06, 2009 - Population Asymptomatic men and women with no history of coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes … Treatment to prevent CHD events by modifying risk factors is currently based on the Framingham risk model … classification of individuals at intermediate risk could be improved by using additional risk factors, treatment … of hs-CRP or ABI scores, data are not available to determine whether they benefit from additional treatments … Clinicians should continue to use the Framingham model to assess CHD risk and guide risk-based preventive therapy

113. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Lipid Disorders in Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary34/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening-2007
     July 15, 2007 - Trials of drug therapy in children with heterozygous FH or FCH are included because drug treatment trials … Benefits and adverse effects of therapies were considered equally important and both types of outcomes … Eleven trials evaluated drug therapies for treatment of children with probable or definite heterozygous … treatments: diet, exercise, drug [treatments], and combination [treatments], to a lozenge-shaped box … Reynauld's phenomenon occurred during therapy (1) but treatment continued without recurrence.

114. Evidence Summary: High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening
     June 18, 2024 - Two trials of interpersonal therapy with limited counseling to change diet and physical activity found … Diabetes Care . 2014;37(2):317-324. doi:10.2337/dc13-1571 42. … Diabetes Obes Metab . 2020;22(4):480-491. doi:10.1111/dom.13910 66. … Diabetes Care . 2013;36(7):1891-1897. doi:10.2337/dc12-1708 72. … Diabetes Care . 2020;43(11):2821-2829. doi:10.2337/dc20-0822 75.

115. Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/boPWHmzrtxnkkPQAoCNENS
     September 18, 2018 - level version of EQ-5D; EQ-VAS, EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale; FACT-G, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General … Orlistat in the long-term treatment of obesity in primary care settings. … Weight loss with naltrexone SR/bupropion SR combination therapy as an adjunct to behavior modification … intensive lifestyle and metformin therapy on cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Diabetes Prevention … Surgical vs medical treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized clinical trial.

116. Evidence Summary: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary29/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
     November 15, 2022 - Comparison of therapeutic and subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive … Randomised prospective parallel trial of therapeutic versus subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive … Ambulatory blood pressure after therapeutic and subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure … Randomised study of three non-surgical treatments in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea. … The effect of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

117. Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nKXBrHEeNwh37DFKTXapt8
     Other reported risk factors for cognitive impairment include cardiovascular risk factors (such as diabetes … Treatment Pharmacologic treatments approved by the U.S.

118. Archived: Lipid Disorders in Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening-2007
     July 15, 2007 - Screening children and adolescents with diabetes for dyslipidemia has been recommended by other groups … Efficacy of Treatment Treatment of childhood dyslipidemia has been shown to be effective in lowering … Drug therapy of high-risk lipid abnormalities in children and adolescents: a scientific statement from … Efficacy and safety of cholestyramine therapy in peripubertal and prepubertal children with familial … Garlic extract therapy in children with hypercholesterolemia.

119. Screening for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8YfPLRoMwTeaDgxJdYnYbb
     September 24, 2019 - identified 5.0% of women who were screened with dip slide as positive for asymptomatic bacteriuria.33 Treatments … The study of asymptomatic bacteriuria treatment in women with diabetes was rated as good quality,32 and … .21 The study among women with diabetes (n = 105) re- ported higher rates of treatment-related adverse … Therapy vs no therapy for bacteriuria in elderly ambulatory nonhospitalized women. … Urinary tract infections in pregnancy: old and new unresolved diagnostic and therapeutic problems.

120. Screening and Interventions for Childhood Overweight: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6desD2XJCQKF8ZDPMS-NU_
     July 01, 2005 - after more than three months, nor did we find acceptable evidence on alternative or complementary therapies … Treatments for childhood and adolescent obesity. Ann Behav Med 1994; 16(3):235-244. 38. … Behavioral therapy in the treatment of pediatric obesity. … Behavior therapy and sibutramine for the treatment of adolescent obesity: a randomized controlled trial … Rapid versus gradual scheduling of therapeutic contact in a family based behavioural weight control