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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/MZB7xxWHfLHtcdT9uUHsrp
April 01, 2009 - Evidence is insufficient because of:
• the limited number or size of studies;
• important flaws in study design
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-screening-for-multifactorial-dyslipidemia/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening-july-2016
August 09, 2016 - text of all potentially relevant citations, against the a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria for design … included articles, data were abstracted into evidence tables, including study characteristics, study design … Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) with elevated low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol: design … Study Design
Age, Mean
(Range), y
Population and Setting
Intervention (for Trials)
Outcomes … Smaller study (flaxseed) had a small sample size (n = 32) and was limited to high-risk population in
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/MjwZ4vRLZDVUSnfMA6SrDo
June 01, 2012 - screening and interventions, diagnostic accuracy studies of screen-
ing instruments, and studies of any design … Data Abstraction and Quality Rating
An investigator abstracted data on study design and
setting; participant … Summary of Evidence for IPV Screening
Studies, by Key
Question
Design Limitations Consistency Applicability … Author Contributions: Conception and design: H.D. Nelson. … intervention (not linked to screening or primary care,
recidivism, etc.): 46
Wrong outcome: 83
Wrong study design
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/cmJ4Bm9BysHuBX2Wy8MQbc
December 07, 2005 - The design and standardization of a speech and language screening test for use
with preschool children … • Handles indeterminate results in a reasonable manner
• Spectrum of patients included in study
• Sample … size
• Administration of reliable screening test
Definition of Ratings Based on Above Criteria … size (50 to 100 subjects) and a “medium” spectrum of patients. … size of very narrow selected spectrum of patients.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/speech-and-language-delay-in-preschool-children-screening-2006
February 15, 2006 - RCTs that demonstrated improved speech and language outcomes had several limitations, such as small sample … size, failure to consider potential confounders, the reporting of short-term outcomes, and heterogeneous
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Xbtq4oDQwVo7KgmSjnnDbz
November 01, 2021 - Studies whose design was sub-
Figure 2. … Design: study did not use an included design. … The results were synthesized by KQ, type of
screening test, and study design. … Study concept and design: Lin, Piper, Perdue,
Whitlock. … Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies
of diagnostic tests.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/R33bUm6oyjhWnbw96pJHwE
April 01, 2009 - evidence from
RCTs preferentially, then well-designed non-RCTs and high-quality
observational studies with sample … sizes of at least 1000. … High-quality observational study with a sample size of �1000
PEDIATRICS Volume 123, Number 4, April … patients included in study The test and gold standard are measured
independently (blind) of each other
Sample … size The test and gold standard are applied as close
together in time as possible
Administration of
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/skin-cancer-screening-july-2016
July 26, 2016 - possible, a high-quality case-control study could provide sufficient power without requiring a large sample … size. … However, this study design has limitations in the ability to create an appropriate comparison group,
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary9/breast-cancer-screening-2009
November 15, 2009 - Data Extraction and Quality Assessment
We extracted details about the patient population, study design … assisted with internal and external review of the draft manuscript but had no additional role in the design … Years
Setting or Population (Screened Patients; Control Participants)
Enrollment Age, y
Study Design … Number of Studies and Type
Design
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review40/gonorrhea-screening-2005
May 15, 2005 - Sample size.
Administration of reliable screening test. … size (50 to 100 subjects) and a "medium" spectrum of patients. … size of very narrow selected spectrum of patients. … 52
Examine the relationship between neighborhood conditions and gonorrhea
Cross sectional block design … size; unknown symptom status; questionable generalizability.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
June 15, 2016 - Studies whose design was subject to a high risk of bias were generally excluded, including studies that … Data Synthesis and Analysis
For each KQ, the number and design of included studies, overall results … The results were synthesized by KQ, type of screening test, and study design. … Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests. … Design: study did not use an included design.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZcuLSXJZXLz9Y2LECTWqVJ
November 01, 2009 - Data Extraction and Quality Assessment
We extracted details about the patient population,
study design … assisted with internal and exter-
nal review of the draft manuscript but had no additional
role in the design … who might live 20 to 30 years longer, breast cancer
Table 3—Continued
Number of Studies and Type Design … Author Contributions: Conception and design: H.D. Nelson, A. Naik,
C. Bougatsos, B.K. Chan, L. … 514)
Wrong population (including high-risk): 20
Wrong intervention: 4
Wrong outcome: 39
Wrong study design
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary4/lung-cancer-screening-december-2013
July 30, 2013 - Data Extraction: One reviewer extracted study data about participants, design, analysis, follow-up, … This difference also suggests possible inadequate randomization or inadequate sample size, because the … Furthermore, differences in population characteristics and systems of medical care and the small sample … sizes used in the European studies may limit applicability to a U.S. population. … Randomized study on early detection of lung cancer with MSCT in Germany: study design and results of
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary50/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening-2009
July 15, 2009 - size and quality score. 36 Only 4 of the studies included in the systematic review used a controlled … design. … Size)
Patients With Visual Conditions
Reference Standard
Index Text
Quality Score
Ariyasu … Size (>500)
Credible Reference Standard Used
Reference Standard Applied to All Patients … Size, n
Patient Characteristics
Intervention
Results
Quality Score
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/wyAJqjxBX_dHMF3WdA7WNt
September 05, 2017 - important flaws in study design or methods.
inconsistency of findings across individual studies. … Study sample sizes ranged from 63 to 4040 participants. … .1,38,39 One
trial compared patching plus eyeglasses vs eyeglasses alone vs
no treatment.1,37 Study sample … sizes ranged from 60 to 180
participants.1 One of the 3 trials (evaluating patching plus eye
glasses
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-in-adults-screening
September 24, 2019 - Data Synthesis and Analysis
Summary tables describing study design, population, and intervention characteristics … Probably reflecting small sample sizes, none of the studies reported statistically significant effects … Thus, for treatment benefits and harms, the scope was narrowly defined for study design. … Design: Study did not use an included design or was not a primary research article. … Source
Study Design
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/7K93Ldpe86aLuGS65CPKYp
July 01, 2005 - suffer from a number of weaknesses that future studies should be designed
to overcome, including small sample … size, lack of intention-to-treat analysis, lack of ethnic
minority participants, and little attention
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/EGPJ5VSbLv4_cDB7fQBmGR
May 01, 2014 - Evidence is insufficient because of:
the limited number or size of studies;
important flaws in study design
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-pregnant-women-screening-and-supplementation-september-2015
September 07, 2015 - Eight studies were conducted in the United States or Europe, 3 in Iran, and 1 in Hong Kong; sample sizes … Studies were conducted in the United States, Australia, Hong Kong, Ireland, Iran, and Norway; sample … sizes ranged from 45 to 1164 participants. … Studies were conducted in the United States, Ireland, Hong Kong, Norway, Iran, and Australia, and sample … sizes ranged from 45 to 1164 participants.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breast-cancer-screening-2002
September 03, 2002 - We abstracted details about patient population, design, quality, data analysis, and published results … However, we viewed this as an expected consequence of a study design in which a control group receives … Implementation of screening as a public health policy: issues in design and evaluation. … orP values in recent report; estimated the number of participants
Appropriate
Appropriate
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Sample … sizes differed for different publications because different methods were used to estimate the size of