-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/depression-postpartum-screening_research-protocol.pdf
May 01, 2013 - At the time of the AHRQ review, consistent limitations in the literature
included small sample size … published subsequently should add greater precision to these estimates by increasing the
overall sample … size and may make any differences between specific tests more apparent … comparison of test results with
an appropriate reference standard
• Randomized controlled trials: All sample … sizes
• Observational studies: sample size ≥100 subjects
• Editorials, nonsystematic reviews,
letters
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/sleep-apnea_surveillance.pdf
April 01, 2012 - Largely due to
small sample size, the reported effect estimates in
the studies reviewed were generally … Studies generally
had small sample sizes with less than 1 year of
followup. … Largely due to small
sample size, the reported effect estimates in
the studies reviewed were generally … Largely due to small sample sizes, the
studies mostly had imprecise estimates of
the comparative effects … Studies generally had small
sample sizes with less than 1 year of
followup.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/weight-loss-surgery_executive.pdf
June 01, 2013 - Items included
specific surgical procedures or nonsurgical treatments,
study design, sample size, and … For BPD, both the number of studies
and their sample sizes are much lower; thus the strength of
evidence … The sample sizes,
regardless of methodological design, are far smaller than
those of most trials of
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/preterm-birth-terbutaline-pump_disposition-comments.pdf
September 01, 2011 - We had no studies that
were rated as low risk of bias or high quality
for that study design. … size, is rated as low risk of bias
and demonstrates a very large effect size for
a clinical outcome … two studies by Lam et al, under
Pulmonary oedema, were judged as
underpowered not because of the sample … size...but event rate. … RCT is
the best design and for interventions must
always be a recommendation even when it
may cost
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/sleep-apnea_research-protocol.pdf
March 15, 2010 - or longitudinal of any duration
• Prospective
• Determine minimum N (sample size) after list of potentially … non-randomized comparative studies
as separate “studies”/cohorts
o (Not KQ 6)
• Determine minimum N (sample … size) after list of potentially eligible studies are available
o Will use separate minimum N’s for … The basic elements and design of the forms will be the same
as multiple forms we have used for other … Studies of different study designs will be graded within
the context of their study design.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-208-bipolar-adults-disposition-comments.pdf
August 07, 2018 - It would also be helpful to
know the reasons for exclusion on the basis of study design (e.g.,
study … Moreover, 14 studies had
small sample sizes of less than 200 participants and 21 studies (79
percent … Although this is a single trial, it had a
large sample size and included recently manic/depressed/euthymic … intensive psychosocial treatment
separately) for this outcome
because the publication does not
provide sample … sizes by individual
intervention arm for this sub-
analysis.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/sensitivity-analysis-chapter-11.pptx
January 01, 2013 - Underlying assumptions can be altered along a number of dimensions, including:
Study definitions
Study design … dimensions, including study definitions (modifying exposure/outcome/confounder definitions), study design … These patients should be considered separately where sample size considerations allow.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-survivor-care-transition_research-protocol.pdf
March 27, 2013 - from acute care treatment to survivorship care
• Provider type
• Payment considerations
• Study design … providers
Timing • All timing • None
Setting • All care settings • Acute care inpatient
Study design … We will also design data abstraction forms to gather pertinent
information from each article, including … We will consider the models used, study
design, analytic methods, and the similarities and differences … • Inclusion/exclusion criteria
• Sample size for eligibility, at recruitment, and at followup
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-informed-care-protocol.pdf
April 19, 2023 - Study Design Randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort with … excluded unless they incorporate an experimental
manipulation comparison within the larger pre/post design … sponsorship, setting, subject inclusion and exclusion
criteria, intervention and control characteristics, sample … size, follow-up duration, participant
baseline age, race/ethnicity (including method of obtaining race … Using trauma theory to design service systems: Jossey-Bass/Wiley;
2001.
12.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/kidney-stones-draft-appendi-c.xlsx
January 01, 2024 - . (%) Intervention 1 Sample Size Intervention 1 Mean Age (SD) Intervention 1 Women No. (%) Intervention … 1 Race/Ethnicity No. (%) Intervention 2 Sample Size Intervention 2 Mean Age (SD) Intervention 2 Women … No. (%) Intervention 2 Race/Ethnicity No. (%) Intervention 3 Sample Size Intervention 3 Mean Age (SD … ) Intervention 3 Women No. (%) Intervention 3 Race/Ethnicity No. (%) Intervention 4 Sample Size Intervention … Intervention 2 Sample Size Intervention 2 Mean Age (SD) Intervention 2 Women No. (%) Intervention 2
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/atrial-fibrillation-ablation_surveillance.pdf
May 16, 2013 - Study design filters were not applied to the Cochrane search
Source: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov … years.15 The
number of participants included in the randomized trials ranged from 8013 to 124.14 The sample … size of the non-randomized studies ranged from 758 to 4,156.18 Participants included in these
studies … Or 2) a trial not published in the above top 5 journals but have a sample size of at least triple the … online: May 16, 2013
Appendix C: Evidence Table
Author year
Study name
(if applicable)
Study
design
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-252-infantile-epilepsies-disposition-comments.pdf
October 25, 2022 - requirement that at least 80% of a study
population must be 36 months of age or younger, and the
minimum sample … size of 30, may have resulted in omission
of some key studies from the review. … The minimum sample
size of 10 per procedure for surgical studies, however, is
appropriate. … sham arm
would be considered unethical and comparative
effectiveness trials may be a better trial design … As a possible
model/analogy, recommendations for metrics and study
design (see comment 5 below) have
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/asthma-provider-adherence_executive.pdf
May 01, 2013 - 95% CI:
1.40, 10.32], p=0.01).65 The evidence from this study is of
high quality due to its large sample … size (n=50 pharmacies
and n=351/396 patients completing study), blinding of
pharmacists and high rates … post intervention periods (6 percent to
21 percent);66,67 however, the studies either lacked a large
sample … size and/or reported inconsistent description of
controller medication use (“no inhaled corticosteroid … One study used an RCT design,5 while
the other used a pre-post design.86 Both studies involved
children
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/plant-based-treatments-revised-protocol.pdf
March 29, 2023 - of
self -directed care
All KQs: Hospital care, hospice care,
emergency department care
Study design … for inclusion, data will be abstracted into categories that include but are
not limited to: study design … , year, setting, country, sample size, eligibility criteria, population and
clinical characteristics … indicated, we will consider the risk of bias of
the studies and the heterogeneity among studies in design … Publication bias (small sample size bias) will
be assessed using funnel plots when there are eight or
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breastfeeding-health-outcomes-protocol-amendment.pdf
February 03, 2025 - We will first triage full-text articles by outcome and according to study design (i.e., ESR or
primary … or there is a signal that newer evidence might change the
findings of the ESR (e.g., based on the design … primary studies, we will abstract general characteristics of the study (e.g., author, year, study
design … the width of confidence intervals
relative to a clinically important effect estimate, sufficiency of sample … size, and number
of events.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-260-improved-cancer-outcomes-disposition-comments.pdf
May 22, 2023 - that the choice of
diagnostic criteria and outcome measures must
be feasible to recruit adequate sample … sizes
representative of diverse populations for nutrition
interventions. … feasibility of collection
(e.g., imaging, invasive biopsies) that promote
recruitment of adequate sample … sizes from
diverse populations for these nutrition
interventions.”
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-bias-individual-studies_methods.pdf
March 01, 2012 - Study design Assessment should
evaluate the relevant
sources of risk of bias by
study design rather … bias
or random error.4 Tools relying on this definition of quality have included the evaluation of
sample … size and power to evaluate the impact of random error on the precision of estimates.23
Both GRADE24 … Design-Specific Criteria To Assess Risk of Bias
We present design-specific criteria to assess risk of … Quasi-
experimentation: design and analysis issues
for field settings.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/aggression_research-protocol.pdf
October 05, 2015 - observational and
noncontrolled trials, and consistent with our prior CER work, we are requiring a total
sample … size of 100 or greater for any nonrandomized study after discussions with our
Technical Expert Panel … Study Design
•! Systematic reviews, with or without meta-analyses
•! … Their input helped inform decisions such as the sample size
threshold for each eligible study and determination … sizes, attrition, settings, geographic
locations, and study funders.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/peripheral-nerve-block-protocol.pdf
November 18, 2023 - Study design Randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Minimum sample size per arm of ≥30
participants. … ,
qualitative, case reports, opinions/letters, pilot
studies, feasibility studies
Studies with a sample … size <30 participants
analyzed in any arm. … size, reported outcomes, outcome timing, adverse events, and follow-up period. … Therefore, study questions, design, and methodological approaches do not necessarily represent
the
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/c-diff-infections_executive.pdf
December 01, 2011 - Study design and intervention complexity, along with
the fact that many outbreaks naturally diminish, … nonstandard intervention for
treatment or prevention of CDI be supported by a
power analysis, adequate sample … size, and an intent-to-
treat analysis, in addition to other standard quality
components of experimental … design. … Multicenter studies may be necessary to achieve
adequate sample sizes.