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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/considerations-for-statistical-chapter-10.pptx
January 01, 2013 - options that can be considered, which depend on the study question and the particulars of the study design … Complete-case analysis for subjects with no missing data:
Can reduce sample size, limiting efficiency … However, an initial limitation with this approach is that sample size is reduced, which affects efficiency … model that will be used for primary and secondary analytical objectives Should take into account the design
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/traumatic-brain-injury-rehabilitation-future_research.pdf
January 01, 2013 - example, factors that affect the feasibility of conducting
randomized controlled trials include the sample … size needed for the outcome, the size of the
available pool of potential subjects, followup duration … Research Design Considerations
We generated research design considerations for identified research needs … Similar to RCT
Sample size will need to
be larger than
experimental designs
given heterogeneity … Sample size will need to
be larger than randomized
designs given
heterogeneity of population
and
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/depression-treatment-ssri_executive.pdf
April 01, 2012 - Inadequate sample size was a factor in many studies. … Adequate sample
size was an issue in these studies. … Sample sizes in future research studies should be
sufficient to establish important margins of difference … Extant studies
are limited in type of agents utilized, sample sizes, and
population characteristics … A second study, a pilot with small
sample size evaluating dose escalation, showed no effect.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ptsd-adult-treatment_executive.pdf
April 01, 2013 - size, prospective cohort studies with a sample size
of at least 500, and case-control studies with … a sample size
of at least 500. … 77a
# of records excluded:
2,521
# of full-text articles excluded, with reasons:
380
Wrong study design … For KQs 1 through 5, we included RCTs with no sample
size limit; we did not allow for inclusion of observational … size of
500 or greater.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s158.pdf
October 01, 2007 - Research Design: Review types of validation studies that allow
adjustment for unmeasured confounding … †Internal validation studies contain information on disease outcome of interest by design. … Logistic regression analysis and efficient design
for two-stage studies. … Two-stage case-control studies:
precision of parameter estimates and considerations in selecting sample … size.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-interventions-maltreatment-child_executive.pdf
April 01, 2013 - was
largely attributable to most bodies of evidence consisting
of only one trial, many with small sample … sizes. … Sample sizes are commonly
very small. … Statistical Considerations: Even with concerns about
limited sample sizes and attrition, few studies … sizes and extensive heterogeneity of design, definitions,
and outcomes, among other considerations
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/undescended-testicle_research-protocol.pdf
September 02, 2011 - publication, study location
(e.g., country, city, state) and time period, population description, sample … size, and study type
(e.g., randomized controlled trial, prospective observational study, etc.). … use
established concepts of the quantity of evidence (e.g., numbers of studies, aggregate ending-
sample … sizes), the quality of evidence (from the quality ratings on individual articles), and the
coherence … Therefore study questions, design and/or methodological
approaches do not necessarily represent the
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s44.pdf
October 01, 2007 - He suggested a randomized delay, and Chalmers agreed to
speak in favor of that design. … We explain that randomization is good method of
design, but it is not essential. … delays in the controls;
just one of DD trials had to collect
data by survey of patients
Outcomes, sample … size and
stopping rules, participant
flow, recruitment, baseline data
Researcher Grant proposals with … This aspect of policy design, how-
ever, was not in our purview.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ems-911-workforce-mental-health-protocol-amendment.pdf
January 22, 2024 - In terms of study design, we expect to include a variety of non-randomized study
designs because very … We will not restrict by sample size or study
quality. … Key
Questions
No sample size
restriction
For Key Question 1 for
EMS populations, we will
After … No sample size restriction
will apply to studies of
911 populations. … Because KQ 1 is
largely about
epidemiology
(incidence,
prevalence, and
severity), a sample
size
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/patient-centered-medical-home_executive.pdf
July 01, 2012 - Study design
2. PCMH components
3. Settings (e.g., practice size, geographic location)
4. … Study design KQ 1, KQ 4: Patient or cluster RCT, nonrandomized
clustered controlled trial, controlled … & Magnitude of
Effecta,b,c]
Number
of Studies
(Subjects)
SOE Domain–
Risk of Bias:
Study Design … & Magnitude of
Effecta,b,c]
Number
of Studies
(Subjects)
SOE Domain–
Risk of Bias:
Study Design … Building the Evidence
Base for the Medical Home: What Sample and Sample Size
Do Studies Need?
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/incident-user-design_research.pdf
May 01, 2012 - design. … We also reviewed methods papers on the incident user design. … Issues That Motivate the Incident User Design
Investigators struggle to design non-randomized studies … The Incident User Design Complements Propensity
Score Analyses
The incident user design results in … incident user design results from the other design and analysis options
that it allows, which may improve
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/transparency-neuropathy_research.pdf
March 01, 2018 - Comparison of the sample size, primary outcome, and withdrawals due to adverse
events reported in the … Data extraction elements
Trial design Design (parallel or crossover)
Number of groups
Trial start … Two reviewers compared the planned sample size, the primary outcome, and the analysis
plan specified … • Comparison of prespecified statistical plan
• Sample sizes, total. … Sample
Size
Followup
Published
literature only
Karmakar, 201435 Not found NA NA NA 28 6 weeks
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/asthma-treatment-future_research.pdf
September 01, 2012 - Studies with larger sample sizes, including multicenter trials;
3. … Additionally, it was noted that all study designs should account for the need for
larger sample sizes … However, such trials would need large sample sizes in order to
account for presumably small-to-modest … Studies with larger sample sizes, including multicenter trials;
3. … Additionally, it was noted that all study designs should account for the need for
larger sample sizes
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/study-design-classification_research.pdf
December 01, 2010 - Implications for Practice
The appropriate classification of studies by design or by design features … Further, studies may use one particular design for some
outcomes and a different design for other outcomes … The reliance on study design
labels, and the inappropriate or inaccurate use of study design labels … Sample size
and optimal study desings for reliability studies.
Stat Med 1998;17:101-110.
36. … Sample size requirements
for reliability studies. Stat Med 1987;6:441-448.
37.
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/masks-surveillance-2-appendix-table-a-2.xlsx
March 01, 2020 - Masks in the Community
Virus Strain Author Publication Year Title Date Retrieved Source Link/URL Study Design … Study Dates Geographic Setting Setting Inclusion Criteria Sample Size Age (mean, years) Female (%) Definition
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/Masks-appendix-table-b-2-surveillance-report.xlsx
March 01, 2020 - Masks in the Community
Virus Strain Author Publication Year Title Date Retrieved Source Link/URL Study Design … Study Dates Geographic Setting Setting Inclusion Criteria Sample Size Age (mean, years) Female (%) Definition
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/obesity-child_executive.pdf
March 31, 2010 - We did not exclude studies based on study
sample size (Table A). … One
reason for the nonsignificant effect on weight outcomes
might have been that the sample sizes were … There are many differences across studies in term
of settings, design, sample size and characteristics … However, due to the limited sample size, we
could not conduct further stratifications to explore the … Studies With High Statistical Power
We need more studies with large sample sizes and
adequate length
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/single-group-studies_white-paper.pdf
January 01, 2013 - authors planned to
use single group studies, selection criteria for single group studies (minimum sample … size,
followup duration, or ―other‖), whether the results of different single group studies were … However, this interpretation is limited by the small sample size.
F
Figure 2. … in the randomized two arm trial
designs (though the two arm studies required a 2–4 fold increased sample … size).
24
A third
simulation study compared optimal single group and randomized phase 2 designs
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effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-224-depression-children-comments.pdf
April 10, 2020 - size. … and sample
size" column). … I
may have missed where sample sizes were characterized—so was
surprised in Table 7 to learn that Ns … There is no distinction between sample
sizes in the hundreds and those with 10 or so per group- all … It emphasizes the adequacy of
the sample size to rule out spurious
associations and results that are
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/labor-nitrous-oxide_research-protocol.pdf
August 24, 2011 - publication, study location (e.g., country, city, state) and time period, population
description, sample … size, and study type (e.g., randomized controlled trial, prospective
observational study, etc). … use established concepts of the quantity of evidence (e.g.,
numbers of studies, aggregate ending sample … sizes), the quality of evidence (from the quality
ratings on individual articles), and the coherence … Therefore study questions, design and/or methodological approaches
do not necessarily represent the