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41. Archived: Final Research Plan: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan102/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening-2016
    May 15, 2014 - or community-based settings; countries categorized as “Very High” by the Human Development Index (as defined … The USPSTF received comments requesting that asymptomatic adults be more clearly defined. … In the proposed research approach, asymptomatic adults are now defined as: persons free of the disease

42. Final Recommendation Statement: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
    November 15, 2022 - Based on cohort and survey data from 2007-2010, the estimated prevalence of at least mild OSA (defined … 70 years was 14% for men and 5% for women, and the estimated prevalence of moderate to severe OSA (defined … at least a 3% reduction in blood oxygen saturation or sleep arousals. 6 Obstructive sleep apnea is defined … In general, mild OSA is defined as 5 to 15 events per hour, moderate OSA as 16 to 30 events per hour, … In response, the USPSTF added clarifying language to describe common symptoms of OSA and defined what

43. Archived: Evidence Summary: Child Maltreatment: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/child-maltreatment-primary-care-interventions-november-2018
    November 27, 2018 - measures; no evidence of reporting bias Insufficient Unclear whether findings apply to subgroups defined … strength of evidence of no benefit for children <3 y Unclear whether findings apply to subgroups defined … d Defined as hitting with the hand or objects, biting, burning with objects or by immersion, twisting … e Defined as abandonment, leaving a child with an inappropriate caretaker, gross failure to seek medical … k Defined as infant death, severe nonaccidental injury, and involuntary foster care placement.

44. Final Research Plan: Prevention of Acquisition of HIV: Preexposure Prophylaxis | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/prevention-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-pre-exposure-prophylaxis
    January 13, 2022 - How do the benefits of PrEP differ by populations of interest (e.g., defined by age, sex, gender identity … HIV infection who are at increased risk of HIV acquisition * Patient populations of interest are defined

45. Archived: Final Research Plan: High Blood Pressure in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan6/high-blood-pressure-in-adults-screening-monitoring-october-2015
    September 15, 2013 - *Elevated blood pressure is defined as the threshold for pharmacologic treatment. … KQ 3:  Adults age 18 years or older with at least one elevated blood pressure measurement (as defined … 1: Mortality (all-cause and cardiovascular-related) Cardiovascular disease, as defined … In the Analytic Framework, elevated blood pressure is now generally defined as the threshold for pharmacologic

46. Final Research Plan: Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/hepatitis-c-screening
    December 21, 2017 - Adolescents are defined as those ages 12 to 17 years. … . † Defined as HCV antibody testing with confirmatory HCV RNA testing as indicated. ‡ Includes interventions … * Subpopulations of interest for Key Questions (KQs) 6, 7, and 8 include those defined by age, race/

47. Final Research Plan: Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/cognitive-impairment-in-older-adults-screening
    October 19, 2017 - admissions Medication adherence/compliance/errors Family/caregiver-related outcomes: (a priori defined … Studies conducted in countries categorized as “Very High” on the 2014 Human Development Index (as defined … In response to public comment, the USPSTF defined mild cognitive impairment and clarified the specific

48. Archived: Final Research Plan: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan98/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication-november-2016
    May 02, 2014 - of treatment with statins in adults age 40 years or older without prior CVD events vary by subgroups defined … known dyslipidemia (primary or secondary) or prior CVD events Diseases Dyslipidemia (as defined … included in prior USPSTF reports Conducted in countries with a Human Development Index >0.9 (as defined

49. Final Research Plan: Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/vitamin-d-calcium-or-combined-supplementation-for-the-primary-prevention-of-fractures-in-adults-preventive-medication
    June 23, 2016 - any site other than face, skull, finger, toe, and heel; total primary major osteoporotic fracture, defined … facilities Studies conducted in countries categorized as “very high” on the Human Development Index (as defined … Studies conducted in countries not categorized as “very high” on the Human Development Index (as defined

50. Archived: Final Research Plan: Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan154/healthful-diet-and-physical-activity-for-cardiovascular-disease-prevention-in-adults-without-known-risk-factors-behavioral-counseling-july-2017
    May 14, 2015 - sugar-sweetened foods and beverages; and lower amounts of red and processed meats Physical activity is defined … intensity of intervention on a different content area) Active comparators without a control (as defined … Studies conducted in countries categorized as “Very High” on the 2014 Human Development Index (as defined

51. Archived: Gestational Diabetes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/gestational-diabetes-screening-2008
    May 15, 2008 - If the result of the GCT is abnormal, variably defined as either greater than 130 mg/dL or 140 mg/dL, … ranges from 1% to 9%, depending on the characteristics of the population screened. 2-3 In women with defined … of less than 25 kg/m2, prevalence of GDM ranges from 1.4% to 2.8%. 4-9 The prevalence in women with defined … improved the composite neonatal outcome, compared with no treatment. 11 The composite outcome was defined … Women in the treatment group had a 30% percent lower risk for pregnancy-induced hypertension (defined

52. Archived: Final Research Plan: Dental Caries in Children from Birth Through Age 5 Years: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan13/dental-caries-in-children-from-birth-through-age-5-years-screening-2014
    December 15, 2012 - * Primary care clinician is defined as a nondental primary care clinician. … * Access to dental care is defined as the ability of a child to receive dental care services, based on

53. Final Research Plan: Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Assessment With Nontraditional Risk Factors | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/cardiovascular-disease-screening-using-nontraditional-risk-assessment
    September 03, 2015 - as opposed to coronary heart disease risk assessment) KQs 4, 5: No treatment or usual care (as defined … Studies conducted in countries categorized as “Very High” on the 2014 Human Development Index (as defined

54. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DPq7_eawq-Ts6XLowaTaNA
    November 27, 2018 - small trial; no evidence of reporting bias Insufficient Unclear whether findings apply to subgroups defined … reporting bias Low strength of evidence of no benefit Unclear whether findings apply to subgroups defined … c Calculations based on number randomized. d Defined as hitting with the hand or objects, biting, burning … e Defined as abandonment, leaving a child with an inappropriate caretaker, gross failure to seek medical … k Defined as infant death, severe nonaccidental injury, and involuntary foster care placement.

55. Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/9K4QQKvhXZNJLCxNX3FkZm
    May 01, 2008 - If the result of the glucose challenge test is abnormal, variably defined as either greater than 130 … In women with defined low-risk factors, such as white ethnic origin, age younger than 25 years, and a … The prevalence in women with defined high-risk factors, such as age older than 25 years, obesity, or … Women in the treatment group had a 30% lower risk for pregnancy-induced hypertension (defined as blood … High risk was defined as a history of delivery of a baby weighing more than 9 pounds, “tox- emia” in

56. Final Research Plan: Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening
    June 09, 2022 - disorder at age 6 years or younger * All KQs: A priori specific populations of interest include those defined … Country Studies conducted in countries categorized as “Very High” on the Human Development Index, as defined

57. Final Research Plan: Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years: Screening and Preventive Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/oral-health-children-adolescents-screening-preventive-interventions
    June 17, 2021 - Populations of interest include groups defined by age (for children, those with deciduous teeth vs. permanent … 5 years) through older adults, including pregnant persons Populations of interest include groups defined

58. Procedure Manual Appendix XIV. Decision Framework to Assess and Guide the Need for Searches of Existing Decision Models | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-xiv-decision-framework-assess-and-guide-need-searches-existing-decision-models
    July 01, 2017 - The main constructs of relevance should be defined, including a time frame to define how recent models

59. Draft Research Plan: Tobacco Cessation in Adults: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/tobacco-cessation-adults-interventions
    February 27, 2025 - primarily take place in countries categorized as “Very High” on the 2022 Human Development Index (as defined … Countries Studies conducted in countries categorized as “Very High” on the Human Development Index (as defined

60. Draft Research Plan: Chronic Kidney Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/chronic-kidney-disease-screening
    January 19, 2023 - How does diagnostic accuracy vary in populations defined by race, ethnicity, age, and sex? … *Definitions of CKD: KDOQI, 2002: Kidney damage for ≥3 months, as defined by structural or functional