-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/sleep-apnea_research-protocol.pdf
March 15, 2010 - Time (hours) using device per time period
Timing & Study Design
KQ 1, 3, & 4
• Cross-sectional … Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular
disease: cross-sectional results of the Sleep Heart Health … 437652
27 Prospective Studies/ 331595
28 (control$ or prospectiv$ or volunteer$).tw. 2591469
29 Cross-Over
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ems-911-workforce-disposition-comments.pdf
November 01, 2022 - We were pleased to see that interfacility, air and
ground were included to provide a better cross-section … Although both the incidence and incidence rate ratio
are >1, the confidence intervals vary widely and cross … Infection Control
Officer
Methods Excluding fire and police personnel is short sighted in light of
cross-trained
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-informed-care-disposition-comments.pdf
January 14, 2025 - Further, in
today’s increasingly interconnected, global world, the arts can cross cultures
and should … only increased funding (through
NIMH and others) for better research on these models but stronger cross
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-finding-evidence_methods.pdf
January 01, 2011 - ).tw.
8 (observational adj (study or
studies)).tw.
9 Longitudinal.tw.
10 Retrospective.tw.
11 Cross … sectional.tw.
12 Cross-sectional studies/
13 Or/1-12
1 Clinical study/
2 Case control study
3 … sectional adj (study or
studies)).tw.
16 Or/1-5,8-15
1 Prospective studies/
2 Exp case control … studies/
3 Correlational studies/
4 Nonconcurrent prospective studies/
5 Cross sectional studies/ … An example with cross-over
design. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000
Jun;81(6):720-722.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/depression-brain-injury_executive.pdf
April 01, 2011 - Seventy-three percent of studies provided cross-
sectional measures of depression, meaning that
depression … Study designs included five prospective
cohorts,13,57,59,98,110,125 one retrospective cohort,91 and two
cross-sectional … of advancing areas of research, early publications about
TBI and depression have been predominantly cross … -
sectional, with little apparent consensus about measures
or key covariates and a high degree of variability … Psychiatric
challenges in the first 6 years after traumatic brain injury:
cross-sequential analyses of
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/asthma-treatment_disposition-comments.pdf
September 10, 2012 - organization (e.g., tables, formatting) and
further development in key areas (e.g., future directions, cross … Summary and
Discussion
Given the international representation of data in this report, the
section on "cross-cultural … However, we could not say more about cross-cultural
portability of components specifically because the
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/asthma-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
February 10, 2010 - nonsystematic
literature reviews
Noncomparative observational
studies (e.g., case-series, case
reports, cross-sectional … nonsystematic
literature reviews
Noncomparative observational
studies (e.g., case-series, case
reports, cross-sectional
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/glaucoma-screening_disposition-comments.pdf
April 01, 2012 - field loss and that
subsequent loss results in a linear decrease in VFQ
scores
We are aware of cross-sectional … We are aware of cross-sectional studies examining related
issues, such as vision loss and visual functioning … We are aware of cross-sectional studies examining related
issues, such as vision loss and visual functioning … We are aware of cross-sectional studies examining related
issues, such as the study mentioned.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/diverticulitis-research-protocol.pdf
January 01, 2019 - N≥30/arm*
• Single group studies
o Only for adverse events
o N>100†
• Longitudinal (Exclude: cross-sectional … N≥20 (receiving colonoscopy or CT colonography)*
• Case-control studies
• Longitudinal (Exclude: cross-sectional … N≥30/arm*
• Single group studies
o Only for adverse events
o N>250†
• Longitudinal (Exclude: cross-sectional
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/binge-eating-disposition-160504.pdf
December 09, 2015 - Kessler, 2014: excluded because the study design of
looking at cross-sectional associations did not … relevant for the key questions of this review
Herman, APA 2014: qualitative study to understand
cross-sectional … Bellows, APA 2014: cross-sectional comparison with
patients with eating disorder not otherwise specified … Bellows, ISPOR 2014: excluded, cross-sectional
comparison with EDNOS and no diagnosis group, not
relevant … of
bias studies, particularly if they included a large sample
and would be applicable to a large cross
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/polyunsaturated-fatty-protocol.pdf
January 01, 2024 - Element Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria
Design Key Question 1
• Studies of adults
o Parallel or cross-over … randomized
controlled trials (RCTs)
n ≥25/group*
• Studies of children
o Parallel or cross-over … for potential
confounders
n ≥50/group*
Key Question 2
• Studies of adults
o Parallel or cross-over … • All other study designs
Timing Key Question 1
● Minimum intervention length: 4 weeks
● In cross-over
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/saturated-fat-replacement-protocol.pdf
January 01, 2024 - concentrations
o Dietary cholesterol intake
None
Design Key Question 1
• Studies of adults
o Parallel or cross-over … randomized
controlled trials (RCTs)
n ≥25/group*
• Studies of children
o Parallel or cross-over … or
described prospectively
n ≥50/group*
Key Question 2
• Studies of adults
o Parallel or cross-over … Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria
Timing Key Question 1
● Minimum intervention length: 4 weeks
● In cross-over
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rural-telehealth-amended-protocol.pdf
February 25, 2021 - telehealth
implementation
Excluded types of telehealth
KQ1: No comparators
(e.g., descriptive and
cross-sectional … • Results of models,
simulations, or
projections without
actual outcomes
data
• Results of cross … -
sectional studies and
surveys that include
no comparison (e.g.,
descriptive statistics)
• Results … Cross-cutting themes to advance the science of minority health and
health disparities.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/selecting-evidence.ppt
January 01, 2010 - These studies include:
All nonexperimental studies
Cohort, case-control, cross-sectional studies
We present … Examples of observational study designs include cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/selecting-evidence.ppt
January 01, 2010 - These studies include:
All nonexperimental studies
Cohort, case-control, cross-sectional studies
We present … Examples of observational study designs include cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/pelvic-pain_executive.pdf
January 01, 2012 - controlled trials and prospective cohort
studies with at least 50 participants with CPP and case
series and cross-sectional … The prevalence of sexual
dysfunction and associated risk factors in women with
chronic pelvic pain: a cross-sectional
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/skin-lesions-evaluation_technical-brief.pdf
December 01, 2014 - We identified two registered cross-sectional studies that assess the use of this technology for
skin … OCT) is an imaging technique—akin to an optical
ultrasound—that utilizes reflected light to produce cross-sectional … Dermatoscopy
use by US dermatologists: a cross-sectional
survey. … identified for this modality (except as noted above*)
MULTIPHOTON LASER SCANNING MICROSCOPY
00154921 Cross-sectional … participants; estimated
study completion date is December
2007
November 22,
2005
NA
00508781 Cross-sectional
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breastfeeding-health-outcomes-disposition-comments.pdf
March 31, 2025 - whether the exposure
assessment was done at the same time as outcome
assessment (which would be a cross-sectional … We did not include studies that
examined the cross-sectional association between
breastfeeding and … also subject to bias if the exposure or outcome of the
first sibling influences the second sibling, a cross-over
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/malnutrition-hospitalized-adults-protocol.pdf
October 19, 2020 - Examples include:
• Cross-sectional areas for lumbar skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
• Skeletal … studies must be systematic reviews of relevant study designs (RCTs,
prospective cohort trials, or cross-sectional
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/heart-failure-natriuretic-peptide_executive.pdf
November 01, 2013 - For KQs 3 to 5, cross-sectional and
case-control studies were excluded. … papers were
RCTs,54,60 9 were cohort studies,43,56,61,63,64,66,67,69,71 and
the remaining 40 were cross-sectional … the study design could not be determined
in two papers.82,92 The remaining papers (n = 25) used a
cross-sectional … KQ.96-107 One
study used a prospective cohort design,103 and the
remaining studies (n = 11) used a cross-sectional … Study
design could not be determined in one of the articles.121
The remaining studies (n = 17) used a cross-sectional