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41. Use of Decision Models in the Development of Evidence-Based Clinical Preventive Services Recommendations | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/use-decision-models-development-evidence-based-clinical-preventive-services-recommendations
    May 01, 2019 - and 1 preventive medication topic (aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer [CRC … for the USPSTF recommendations on aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and CRC … of aspirin on cardiovascular and total mortality, the effect of aspirin in reducing the incidence of CRC … For example, the modeling for the recommendations on CRC screening 1  suggested that screening before … The modeling analyses for aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and CRC 9

42. Use of Decision Models in the Development of Evidence-Based Clinical Preventive Services Recommendations (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/decision-modeling-for-uspstf_0.pdf
    July 01, 2016 - and 1 preventive medication topic (aspirin to prevent car- diovascular disease and colorectal cancer [CRC … for the USPSTF rec- ommendations on aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and CRC … of aspirin on cardiovascular and total mortality, the effect of aspirin in reducing the incidence of CRC … The modeling analyses for lung cancer screening (17), CRC screening (16), and aspirin for primary pre … The modeling analyses for aspirin use for the pri- mary prevention of cardiovascular disease and CRC

43. Draft Recommendation: Screening for Colorectal Cancer | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening3
    October 27, 2020 - https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/pdf/QuickFacts-BRFSS-2016-CRC-Screening-508.pdf . … There is no direct evidence evaluating effect of sDNA-FIT on CRC mortality. … No direct evidence evaluating effect of CT colonography on CRC mortality. … Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Every 5 years Evidence from RCTs that flexible sigmoidoscopy reduces CRC … Abbreviations: CRC=colorectal cancer; CT=computed tomography; FIT=fecal immunochemical test; HSgFOBT

44. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2Wc3FRHpVDPX2jT_WzjEXX
    July 31, 2020 - to begin screening 50 Mean life-years gained if start screeningb At age 50 y At age 45 y Mean CRC … at age 45 y Screening modality and frequency Stool tests Benefit: Estimated No. of CRC cases averted … 51 2Flexible SIG every 5 y 54 57 3Flexible SIG every 10 y plus FIT every year 0 2520 3010 15 No. of CRC … deaths averted per 1000 screened, by age to begin screening 5 Additional CRC deaths averted if start … 5 y 11 11 0.1Flexible SIG every 5 y 12 13 0.6Flexible SIG every 10 y plus FIT every year 45 y50 y CRC

45. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/g_tdsCgkwBncHfpjSj-FNg
    July 31, 2020 - to begin screening 50 Mean life-years gained if start screeningb At age 50 y At age 45 y Mean CRC … 5550 60 6535302520105 15 Life-years gained per 1000 screened, by age to begin screening Additional CRC … start screening at age 45 y Screening modality and frequency Stool tests Benefit: Estimated No. of CRC … year 0 2520 3010 15 Life-years gained per 1000 screened, by age to begin screening 5 Additional CRC … 5 y 11 11 0.1Flexible SIG every 5 y 12 13 0.6Flexible SIG every 10 y plus FIT every year 45 y50 y CRC

46. Evidence Summary: Vitamin D Deficiency: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary18/vitamin-d-deficiency-screening
    November 25, 2014 - Levels between 87 and 100 nmol/L (35 to 40 ng/mL) may be associated with decreased risk for death and CRC … (>200 ng/mL) These levels are considered toxic NA NA 25-(OH)D = 25-hydroxyvitamin D; CRC … Associated case–control studies with outcome reported: Fracture: Jackson et al, 2006 88 CRC … congestive heart failure; CNS = central nervous system; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRC … analyzed in case–control studies per intervention (vitamin D vs. control): fractures: 266 vs. 285, CRC

47. Archived: Evidence Summary: Vitamin D Deficiency: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary18/vitamin-d-deficiency-screening-november-2014
    November 25, 2014 - Levels between 87 and 100 nmol/L (35 to 40 ng/mL) may be associated with decreased risk for death and CRC … (>200 ng/mL) These levels are considered toxic NA NA 25-(OH)D = 25-hydroxyvitamin D; CRC … Associated case–control studies with outcome reported: Fracture: Jackson et al, 2006 88 CRC … congestive heart failure; CNS = central nervous system; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRC … analyzed in case–control studies per intervention (vitamin D vs. control): fractures: 266 vs. 285, CRC

48. Archived: Final Research Plan: Aspirin to Prevent Cancer: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan-aspirin-to-prevent-cancer/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
    October 07, 2013 - Abbreviations: ASA = aspirin; CRC

49. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Publishes Final Recommendation Statement on Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/aspirin-cvdcrc-finalrsbulletin.pdf
    April 12, 2016 - U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Publishes Final Recommendation Statement on Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer USPSTF Bulletin An independent, volunteer panel of national experts in prevention and evidence-based medicine U.S. Preventive Services Task Force …

50. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Seeks Comments on Draft Recommendation Statement on Aspirin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/file/supporting_documents/aspirincvdcancerdraftrsbulletin.pdf
    September 15, 2015 - U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Seeks Comments on Draft Recommendation Statement on Aspirin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer USPSTF Bulletin An independent, volunteer panel of national experts in prevention and evidence-based medicine U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Seeks Comments on Draft…

51. A and B Recommendations | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation-topics/uspstf-and-b-recommendations
    December 01, 2021 - low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer (CRC

52. Evidence Summary: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary21/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling
    February 03, 2014 - 49 59 Any: ↔ MI: NR Stroke: NR Any:↔† Lung:↔ CRC … 14,641 64 0 Any:↔ MI:↔‡ Stroke:↔ Any: ↓ Lung:↔ CRC … NA NA ↑ Hip fractures among current and former MVI users (↑) CRC

53. Archived: Evidence Summary: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary21/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling-february-2014
    February 03, 2014 - 49 59 Any: ↔ MI: NR Stroke: NR Any:↔† Lung:↔ CRC … 14,641 64 0 Any:↔ MI:↔‡ Stroke:↔ Any: ↓ Lung:↔ CRC … NA NA ↑ Hip fractures among current and former MVI users (↑) CRC

54. Recommendation: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening
    May 18, 2021 - https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/pdf/QuickFacts-BRFSS-2016-CRC-Screening-508.pdf 6. … Benefits of Colorectal Cancer Screening CRC … and Burden of Colorectal Cancer Screening CRC

55. High-Priority Evidence Gaps For Clinical Preventive Services (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/rtc2016rev_2%20(3).pdf
    December 01, 2016 - low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer (CRC … (Grade B) The decision to initiate low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC … the balance of benefits and harms of initiating aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC … the balance of benefits and harms of initiating aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC

56. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6hyj7-3s6Qxs-brqhxPVxD
    June 06, 2017 - cancer deaths averted per 1000 individuals screened which include the SimulationModel Model Estimates, CRC … Simulated Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 y 20 17 21 Populationmodel for Incidence and Natural History (CRC-SPIN … CRC Deaths Averted per 1000 Screened These strategies yield comparable a Harms: Complications (gastrointestinal

57. Archived: Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Decision Analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evaluating-test-strategies-for-colorectal-cancer-screening-a-decision-analysis-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/colorectal-cancer-screening-2008
    October 15, 2008 - 34.5 34.5 30.5 30.4 30.3 Rectum 31.2 31.2 31.2 7.5 7.2 6.8 Cumulative CRC … 4.0 0.9 2.1 3.4 Lifetime 7.3 7.1 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.3 Stage distribution of CRC … 26.3 26.1 20.0 22.2 22.6 Stage IV 26.7 24.4 23.2 16.4 20.7 23.2 CRC

58. Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Decision Analysis (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UPu84CV2CNuxR8kpVU6e3V
    November 01, 2008 - 34.3 62.0 62.4 62.8 Distal 34.5 34.5 34.5 30.5 30.4 30.3 Rectum 31.2 31.2 31.2 7.5 7.2 6.8 Cumulative CRC … 1.6 0.2 0.7 1.4 20 y 0.9 2.3 4.0 0.9 2.1 3.4 Lifetime 7.3 7.1 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.3 Stage distribution of CRC … 31.4 39.6 35.1 34.8 Stage III 33.7 26.3 26.1 20.0 22.2 22.6 Stage IV 26.7 24.4 23.2 16.4 20.7 23.2 CRC

59. 8Gdsduvu-Wpf5Zafh93592 (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8GDsDuVu-WpF5zafh93592
    December 01, 2013 - E, 200 mg) 1.3 652 NHS (23) Good Prospective cohort 18 MVI (ingredients not described) NR 72 337 CRC … Incidence Cancer Incidence Mortality Harms Comments 49 59 Any: 7 MI: NR Stroke: NR Any: 7† Lung: 7 CRC … Protective effect against cancer in men (2) but not women (7) 64 0 Any: 7 MI: 7‡ Stroke: 7 Any:2 Lung: 7 CRC

60. A X9Vthjbwewpwlwsukvav (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/a_x9VThjBWewPwLWsUkVav
    January 01, 2015 - deficiency Levels ≥50 nmol/L (≥20 ng/mL) have been associated with decreased risk for fractures, CVD, CRC … decreased risk for CVD Levels >75 nmol/L (>30 ng/mL) associated with decreased risk for death and CRC … vary Levels between 87 and 100 nmol/L (35 to 40 ng/mL) may be associated with decreased for death and CRC … >499 nmol/L (>200 ng/mL) These levels are considered toxic NA NA 25-(OH)D = 25-hydroxyvitamin D; CRC