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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/postmenopausal-hormone-replacement-therapy-for-primary-preve/menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medication-2002-2005
August 21, 2002 - Oestrogen replacement therapy and breast cancer risk: a case-control study. … Cancer Causes & Control 1992;3(5):475-9.
89. … Cancer Causes & Control 1995;6(5):416-24.
107. … A case-control study of Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 1990;28(6):766-74.
155. … Control Clin Trials 1998;19(6):604-21.
176. Wren BG.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/sQ7hREGwnBm8Wh-LEFWP4F
October 01, 2002 - Oestrogen replacement
therapy and breast cancer risk: a case-control study. … Cancer Causes & Control.
1992;3(5):475-479.
89. … Cancer Causes &
Control. 1995;6(5):416-424.
107. … A case-
control study of Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Neurol.
1990;28(6):766-774.
155. … Control Clin Trials. 1998;19(6):604-621.
176. Wren BG.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/healthy-weight-and-weight-gain-during-pregnancy-behavioral-counseling-interventions
July 26, 2018 - , changes to the community-built environment)
Comparisons
No treatment (e.g., wait-list control … , usual care)
Attention control (e.g., similar format and intensity to intervention but different content … intervention (including the use of generic print/electronic communications)
Active comparators without a control … Development Index
Study designs
KQs 1–3: Controlled clinical trials
KQ 3: Cohort or case-control
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/folic-acid-supplementation-prevent-neural-tube-defects
July 22, 2021 - designs
KQ 1 (efficacy): Randomized, controlled trials; controlled clinical trials; cohort or case-control … 2 (harms): Randomized, controlled trials; controlled clinical trials; observational studies (case-control
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/VpT-c4bnmvHFRPyKgPwb2Z
December 01, 2010 - Control groups primarily received usual care, although 2
trials used “attention control groups” (30, … Control groups received no intervention or edu-
cation. … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). … Public health surveillance of 1990 injury control objectives for the nation.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/aspirin-use-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2002
January 15, 2002 - However, the rate of withdrawal in TPT did not differ between the treatment and control groups. … In each trial, control participants who had not been given aspirin had a less than 2 percent incidence … Five-year mortality rates in the control groups of the individual trials ranged from 2 percent to 10 … A case-control study from Australia 26 examined the relationship between the use of aspirin or other … No gastrointestinal bleeding was reported for patients in the control group.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/alcohol-misuse-screening-and-counseling-2004
April 06, 2004 - Intervention and Control Conditions . … Comparability of intervention and control groups at baseline was not reported. … Comparability of intervention and control groups at baseline not assured because control group not assessed … True control condition follow-up not assessed. Possible contamination between IG1 and IG2. … Intervention delivery uncertain and control possibly contaminated. Inadequate power.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/gonorrhea-screening-1996
January 01, 1996 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of STD/HIV Prevention. … Centers for Disease Control. Sexually transmitted diseases. Clinical practice guidelines. … Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control, 1991. 13. Potterat JJ, Dukes RL, Rothenberg RB. … Centers for Disease Control. … Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control, 1991. 32. Stamm WE, Cole B, Fennell C, et al.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/gonorrhea-screening-including-ocular-prophylaxis-newborns-1996
January 01, 1996 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of STD/HIV Prevention. … Centers for Disease Control. Sexually transmitted diseases. Clinical practice guidelines. … Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control, 1991. 13. Potterat JJ, Dukes RL, Rothenberg RB. … Centers for Disease Control. … Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control, 1991. 32. Stamm WE, Cole B, Fennell C, et al.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-january-2017
January 10, 2017 - The trial reported no cases of neural tube defects in the experimental group and 6 cases in the control … Eight fair-quality case-control studies addressed dose, timing, or duration of therapy. 1 Of these 8 … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. … Centers for Disease Control (CDC). … Williams J, Mai CT, Mulinare J, et al; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary10/breastfeeding-counseling
October 15, 2008 - A case-control study in Yorkshire, U.K. Diabetes Care 1999;22:928-32. … Sardinian case-control study. Diabetes Care 1997;20:340-2. … A case-control study on risk factors for type 1 diabetes in Taipei City. … Control Clin Trials 1986;7:177-88. … Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2005.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary10/breastfeeding-counseling-2008
October 15, 2008 - A case-control study in Yorkshire, U.K. Diabetes Care 1999;22:928-32. … Sardinian case-control study. Diabetes Care 1997;20:340-2. … A case-control study on risk factors for type 1 diabetes in Taipei City. … Control Clin Trials 1986;7:177-88. … Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2005.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/breastfeeding-counseling-2003
July 01, 2003 - care setting and were conducted in a developed country, written in English, and contained a concurrent control … We then fit a second model using all studies to allow for a linear association between the control group … Often studies assigned patients to the control group when there was no peer counselor available to see … Control with no intervention. … The control group similarly consisted of women who intended to breastfeed, requested a peer counselor
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/p6k4ooduXN8RQoVGS9H5Sx
March 01, 2011 - group
(eg, usual care, attention control, wait list) were included. … Interventions were compared with usual care,
attention control, wait-list control, or other nonsmoking … Tob Control. Published
online July 22, 2017. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-
053691
8. … Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention. Published 2020. … Tob Control. 2003;12(1):52-59. doi:10.1136/tc.12.1.52
37.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breast-cancer-screening-2002
September 03, 2002 - Another concern about the Swedish trials as a group related to screening of the control groups. … reduced contamination, but it limits comparison between the screened and control groups. … The model to estimate summary risk was
# deaths control, i ~ Binomial(π control, i , n control, i … ~ Γ(',')
Absolute risk difference was calculated as π control, i − π intervention, i . … group, 66%
Round 1, 81%; round 2, 81%; control group, 77%
Round 1, 74%; rounds 2–5, 70%; control
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hiv-sexually-transmitted-diseases-behavioral-counseling-1996
January 01, 1996 - Centers for Disease Control. … Centers for Disease Control. … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. … Centers for Disease Control.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening-1996
January 01, 1996 - Centers for Disease Control. … Centers for Disease Control. … Centers for Disease Control. … Centers for Disease Control. … Centers for Disease Control.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lead-levels-in-childhood-and-pregnancy-screening-2006
December 15, 2006 - Interventions
Treatment options for elevated blood lead levels include residential lead hazard-control … Treatment options in use for elevated blood lead levels include residential
lead hazard-control … Residential lead hazard control is usually offered to children with blood
lead levels ≥20 µg/dL, … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Blood Lead Levels — United States, 1999-2002.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/skin-cancer-counseling-2003
October 06, 2003 - Only a single case-control study of skin self-examination has reported a lower risk for melanoma among … with lower risk, as was the ability to tan. 4-7
Sunlamp and Tanning Bed Avoidance
Six of 19 case-control … cutaneous malignant melanoma with intermittent exposure to ultraviolet radiation: results of a case-control … Melanoma and use of sunscreens: an EORTC case-control study in Germany, Belgium and France. … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary14/bladder-cancer-in-adults-screening
October 15, 2010 - No attempt was made to adjust or control for potential confounders. … This study was rated poor-quality because it evaluated a historical control group and did not attempt … to adjust or control for confounders. … A case-control study found that persons who died of bladder cancer had lower odds of having received … and control participants, with exclusion criteria applied equally to both
Response rate
Diagnostic