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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Jwn6dWRHvK3C9oJCV6hLKc
September 05, 2017 - MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Visual acuity, amblyopia, school performance, functioning,
quality of life … To provide a consistent metric for
visual acuity outcome measures, results were converted to loga
rithm … of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) measurements
using established conversion charts.31 Measures … visual acuity are
generally reported as Snellen (eg, 20/20, 20/25, 20/30, 20/40,
20/50) or logMAR scales … Improving the reliability of visual acuity measures in
young children.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/skin-cancer-counseling-2003
October 06, 2003 - Other measures for preventing skin cancer include avoiding direct exposure to midday sun (between the … sunlight by staying indoors or in the shade or by wearing protective clothing is the most effective measure … educational interventions have demonstrated effectiveness for increasing the use of skin protection measures … sun exposure. 24 The American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM) concluded that sun-protective measures … Homer, M.D., M.P.H. * (Executive Director, National Initiative for Children's Healthcare Quality, Boston
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/visual-impairment-screening-1996
January 01, 1996 - subjective improvements in a variety of vision-related functions, as well as improvements in objective measures … Development of a scale designed to measure functional distance vision loss using an interview technique … Validity of a survey question as a measure of visual acuity impairment.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/wTL2utcBK9_czS8WDWaNT6
December 07, 2021 - Systemic fluoride also provides some
measure of topical effects, as it is found in the saliva and bathes … • Research is needed to identify effective preventive measures in eco-
nomically disadvantaged children
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/s5tZxonEjD3qZsoj-7Bq5P
May 01, 2014 - Limitations: The body of evidence was small, and there were
heterogeneous measures of outcomes of limited … surprising
given that the interventions focused on samples of children
Table 2—Continued
Primary Outcome Measure … 160 • Number 9 www.annals.org
studies that found significant effects relied on a self-
reported measure … Use of consistent and clinically meaningful measures
of drug use is also needed. … Table 2—Continued
Primary Outcome Measure Follow-up Intervention Group Control Group Effect Size P Value
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/other-supporting-document19727/drug-use-illicit-primary-care-interventions-for-children-and-adolescents
September 03, 2020 - Nineteen trials reported a continuous measure, most commonly the number of times illicit drugs were used … Dichotomous measures were selected over continuous measures, 1-month time frames were selected over longer … trials. 26 , 28 , 56 Most general prevention trials found no group differences on mental health symptom scales … , B-weights), Cohen d.KQ indicates key question; NR, not reported; NS, not significant. a Mean value … ) in general prevention trials
Group differences were rarely found for a variety of mental health scales
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/R33bUm6oyjhWnbw96pJHwE
April 01, 2009 - treatment
alone, and neither found statistically significant differ-
ences between groups for suicidality measures … Screening for depression across the
lifespan: a review of measures for use in primary care settings. … Screening for adoles-
cent depression: a comparison of depression scales. … Measures have been taken to prevent knowledge
of primary exposure influencing case
ascertainment
Exposure … recognition that knowledge of exposure status
could have influenced the assessment of
outcome
The measure
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/o7FfN6a6DA5LqDsfMgBxkk
June 01, 2003 - • Other measures for preventing skin cancer include
avoiding direct exposure to midday sun (between … sunlight by staying indoors or in
the shade or by wearing protective clothing is the
most effective measure … educational
interventions have demonstrated effectiveness for
increasing the use of skin protection measures … increased sun exposure.25
The American College of Preventive Medicine
(ACPM) concluded that sun-protective measures … Homer, MD, MPH*
(Executive Director, National Initiative
for Children’s Healthcare Quality,
Boston, MA
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/CdmDMWet-hgdKFDVEYwRN_
May 01, 2014 - Research to
develop and validate tools to measure current and past
substance use is needed. … The studies used an unusual and
difficult-to-interpret measure of drug use.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/skin-cancer-counseling-2003
October 06, 2003 - Outcome measure: new skin cancers. Analysis: intention-to-treat. … Outcome measure: ratio of numbers of solar keratoses at end of study and beginning of study. … Outcome measures: 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. … Outcome measures: cumulative sun exposure, sunburn episodes. … Outcome measures: use of protective clothing, sunscreen, shade, hats with brim.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/sites/default/files/inline-files/2022-annual-report-to-congress.pdf
January 01, 2022 - Encourage greater consistency and standardization of outcome measures in studies,
specifically those … high dropout rates among participants or biased
assessment of outcomes or heterogeneity in outcome measures … With
Cardiovascular Risk
Factors
• Encourage greater consistency and standardization of outcome measures … • Encourage greater consistency and standardization of outcome measures in studies, specifically those … Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2019 National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/9AtjNaSwTXonz49w_DEbNz
November 07, 2023 - MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Dental caries, morbidity, functional status, quality of life,
harms; diagnostic … cluster randomised controlled trial to
evaluate the effectiveness of fluoride varnish as a
public health measure
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/exVc75LHoUdnqjY6wYxzGV
June 01, 2003 - Outcome measure: new
skin cancers. … Outcome
measure: ratio of numbers of solar
keratoses at end of study and beginning
of study. … Outcome measures:
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and 1,25-
dihydroxyvitamin D3.
86 of 87 completed one … Outcome measures: cumulative
sun exposure, sunburn episodes. … Outcome
measures: use of protective clothing,
sunscreen, shade, hats with brim.
86 clinicians, including
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/r_MgZHrtyHRn7rZoCPS6MT
February 01, 2011 - and 1 good-quality trial found that
Comparisons of treatment: 5 RCTs
Overall quality rating: fair
measures … PlusOptix vision screener: the accuracy
and repeatability of refractive measure-
ments using a new autorefractor … 21/97 (22%); mixed
anisometropia and
strabismus 34/97 (35%)
Fair
a Converted from Snellen metric measures
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/qWZxPBqpffTYVNvGYPkohz
May 01, 2021 - Cognitive behavioral therapy was associated with improve-
ment in anxiety outcomes across several pooled measures … scores of 1 or 2; RR, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.58 to 2.98]; n = 370; 5 trials;
I2 = 18%) but was inconsistent on measures
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/iron-deficiency-anemia-pregnant-women-young-children-screening-supplementation-1996
January 01, 1996 - infants randomized to nonfortified formula had significantly worse psychomotor development (Bayley Scales … indices and iron stores, but they do not improve birth weight, length of gestation, or other outcome measures
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/oaVhMNVAnx3b5-UUunZkjr
December 17, 2018 - Nineteen trials reported a continuous measure, most com-
monly the number of times illicit drugs were … Dichotomous measures were selected over
continuous measures, 1-month time frames were selected over lon … trials.26,28,56 Most
general prevention trials found no group differences on mental health
symptom scales … 0.08 (–0.16 to 0.00)
Favors
intervention
Favors
control
Vertical dashed line indicates the overall measure … trials) in general prevention trials
Group differences were rarely found
for a variety of mental health scales
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/9Ks34K-BnsDSBK4MYDATYS
August 09, 2016 - MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes included dyslipidemia (TC�200 mg/dL or
LDL-C�130 mg/dL) and atherosclerosis … Laboratory measures and macronutrient and micronutrient
intake were measured at several time points.
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/high-blood-pressure-adults-children-adolescents-screening-2003
April 01, 2003 - If performed correctly, it provides a measure of blood pressure that is highly correlated with intra-arterial … Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring provides a measure of average blood pressure over 24 hours rather … How to measure blood pressure. JAMA 1995;273(15):1211-8. 13. Birkett NJ. … Comparison of agreement between different measures of blood pressure in primary care and daytime ambulatory
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www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vision-in-children-ages-6-months-to-5-years-screening
September 05, 2017 - to differences in study populations (eg, eligibility criteria and baseline visual acuity), outcome measures … prevalence of vision abnormalities found lower false-positive rates (usually <35%). 1 No studies reported measures