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201. Evidence Summary: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/cervical-cancer-screening
     August 21, 2018 - 90% of cervical cancers. 3 Persistent infection with hrHPV types 16 and 18 is responsible for most cases … in the United States. 7 Annual age-adjusted cervical cancer incidence in the United States was 7.4 cases … No cases of invasive cervical cancer were detected. 48 Key Question 1c . … No invasive cervical cancer cases were observed in screen-negative women in either screening group in … The influence of screening interval and strategy on potential harms of missed cancer cases or possible

202. Recommendation: Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chlamydia-and-gonorrhea-screening
     September 14, 2021 - among the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the US. 1 Approximately 1.8 million cases … of chlamydia and more than 600,000 cases of gonorrhea were reported to the Centers for Disease Control … The rate of chlamydia infection among women (698.9 cases per 100,000 women) was nearly double the rate … among men (399.9 cases per 100,000 men). … Gonorrhea infection was more prevalent in men (224.4 cases per 100,000 men) than in women (152.6 cases

203. Archived: Decision Analysis: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/decision-analysis-for-aspirin/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     April 11, 2016 - When comparing by age groups, we found that lifetime net CVD events and prevented CRC cases are at their … tables show that the possibility for a direct reduction in the RR for CVD-related death from aspirin (cases … The next most sensitive parameter to both measures is the RR for hemorrhagic stroke (cases 13 and 14) … Even a small disutility associated with taking aspirin routinely (cases 1 and 2) can dramatically decrease … Variation in GI bleeding incidence and case-fatality rates (cases 10 to 12) has a greater relative effect

204. Archived: Chlamydial Infection (Including Ocular Prophylaxis in Newborns): Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chlamydial-infection-including-ocular-prophylaxis-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Chlamydial infections are responsible for 25-50% of the 2.5 million cases of PID that are reported annually … for 30-40% of the 4-6 million visits each year for nongonococcal urethritis and half of over 150,000 cases … Men and women under 25 account for the large majority of cases, 6 and prevalence of infection is highest … Referral of sex partners of cases is important, since up to one third of male partners, and a majority … incidence of conjunctivitis compared to placebo (8-9% vs. 15%) regardless of treatment, however, most cases

205. Archived: Evidence Summary: Syphilis Infection in Pregnant Women: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening-september-2018
     September 04, 2018 - increased from 89.8% to 97.2%, and the incidence of congenital syphilis decreased from 109.3 to 9.4 cases … In the United States, the rate of reported congenital syphilis was 15.7 cases … increased from 89.8% to 97.2%, and the incidence of congenital syphilis decreased from 109.3 to 9.4 cases … From 2002 to 2012, the incidence of congenital syphilis in China increased from 5.9 to 97.4 cases per … births, while incidence of congenital syphilis specifically in Shenzhen decreased from 109.3 to 9.4 cases

206. Archived: Skin Cancer: Counseling, 2012 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/skin-cancer-counseling-2012
     May 15, 2012 - Most cases are basal cell or squamous cell cancer. … Approximately 70,000 cases of melanoma occurred in 2011, and nearly 8800 deaths. … The exact number of cases is difficult to estimate because most cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer are … Melanoma is much less common—the incidence among white Americans in 2008 was about 27.6 cases per 100,000

207. Procedure Manual Appendix XIII. Template for Scoping the “Decision Problem” to Address Through Decision Modeling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/procedure-manual/procedure-manual-appendix-xiii-template-scoping-decision-problem-address-through-decision-modeling
     July 01, 2017 - Health outcomes: Deaths, quality-adjusted life years, disability-adjusted life years, incident disease cases

208. Screening for Cervical Cancer (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/TEqfQsqZ92eykPeTQBZx-h
     Grade: D Risk Assessment Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with nearly all cases

209. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Vitamin D and Calcium to Prevent Fractures: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary52/vitamin-d-and-calcium-to-prevent-fractures-preventive-medication-2013
     December 10, 2011 - For prostate cancer, 3 poor-quality studies (with a total of 1147 cases) provided insufficient data for … For the female breast cancer outcome, 1 poor-quality study (of 142 cases) provided insufficient data … Other RCTs reported a few cases of gastrointestinal disruption (such as constipation, diarrhea, or upset … ) Supplement 3; Supplement 4 Colorectal cancer 9 nested case–control studies (3136 cases … Circle size is proportional to the number of cancer cases relative to all other studies included in the

210. Archived: Letter to the Editor and Response from the Evidence-Based Practice Center: Human Papillomavirus Testing to Screen for Cervical Cancer: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/letter-to-the-editor-and-response-from-the-evidence-based-practice-center--human-papillomavirus-testing-to-screen-for-cervical-cancer/cervical-cancer-screening-2012
     February 15, 2012 - For example, it is stated that “ARTISTIC had the opposite result: more cases of cancer were found after … cytology alone), relative CIN2+ detection was generally increased during the first round, and in some cases … Incident cervical cancer cases after cotesting were sparsely reported and represented complete follow-up

211. Evidence Summary: Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/ocular-prophylaxis-for-gonococcal-ophthalmia-neonatorum-preventive-medication
     January 29, 2019 - Although GON is rare in the United States, with 0.4 cases or fewer per 100,000 live births per year during … from Israel using 2003-2004 data found no difference between iodine and tetracyclinein reducing in GON cases

212. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: A Decision Analysis for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_SfjkGNHBnLqn8ySe7kAdg
     April 01, 2016 - When com- paring by age groups, we found that lifetime net CVD events and prevented CRC cases are at … www.annals.org http://www.annals.org parameter to both measures is the RR for hemorrhagic stroke (cases … Variation in GI bleeding incidence and case- fatality rates (cases 10 to 12) has a greater relative ef … Comparisons in Lifetime Net Benefit of Taking Aspirin for Men and Women With a CVD Risk of 10%* Cases … Comparisons in Net Benefit of Taking Aspirin Over 10 y for Men and Women With a CVD Risk 10%* Cases

213. Modeling Study: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-modeling-study/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-preventive-medication
     April 26, 2022 - Lifetime net life-years were negative in most cases for persons starting aspirin between ages 60 and … bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage events), with CRC cases included only in sensitivity analysis. … In addition, there were cases—such as when aspirin was initiated for both men and women aged 50 to 59 … In such cases, excess risk for fatal bleeding events early on could later be offset by lower risk for … use (scenario 3) was included, lifetime net benefit estimates were substantially higher, and in many cases

214. Screening for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/38JVCyPEw7CNrmZN6twpM6
     July 01, 2021 - among the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the US.1 Approximately 1.8 million cases … of chlamydia and more than 600 000 cases of gonorrhea were reported to the Centers for Disease Control … The rate of chlamydia infection among women (698.9 cases per 100 000 women) was nearly double the rate … among men (399.9 cases per 100 000 men). … Gonorrhea infection was more prevalent in men (224.4 cases per 100 000 men) than in women (152.6 cases

215. Eighth Annual Report to Congress on High-Priority Evidence Gaps for Clinical Preventive Services | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/reports-congress/eighth-annual-report-congress-high-priority-evidence-gaps-clinical-preventive-services
     November 01, 2018 - In some cases, clinical preventive services have been well studied for the general population, but there

216. Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/poDYcagnw7SqKNNbrFt_CV
     June 11, 2019 - States are currently living with HIV, and more than 700 000 persons have died of AIDS since the first cases … Screening for HIV infection to detect undiagnosed cases and an- tiretroviral treatment in persons living … in 2012 to 38 300 in 2017.2 Of these new cases of HIV infection in 2017, 81% were among males and 19% … One small trial reported no cases of HIV infection.42 In the other 11 trials, the rate of HIV infection … In 1 trial, the Bang- kok Tenofovir Study of persons who inject drugs, there were 7 cases of grade 2

217. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Genital Herpes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review55/genital-herpes-screening-2005
     March 15, 2005 - in approximately 1 of every 3,000 deliveries in the United States, resulting in an estimated 1,500 cases … A prospective cohort study described incident cases of both HSV-1 and HSV-2 among HSV-2 seronegative … The rates of new HSV-1 and HSV-2 were 1.6 and 5.1 cases per 100 person-years respectively. … Of the 19 new cases of HSV-1 infections, 12 were symptomatic. … However, data from reported cases do not represent a sufficient sample size for reaching reliable and

218. Screening for Genital Herpes Simplex: A Brief Update (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZzZp7_aoJn73k9z25w_-qr
     March 01, 2005 - in approximately 1 of every 3,000 deliveries in the United States, resulting in an estimated 1,500 cases … A prospective cohort study described incident cases of both HSV-1 and HSV-2 among HSV-2 seronegative … The rates of new HSV-1 and HSV-2 were 1.6 and 5.1 cases per 100 person-years respectively. … Of the 19 new cases of HSV-1 infections, 12 were symptomatic. … There was 1 case of neonatal herpes among 85 cesarean deliveries vs 9 cases (7.7%) among 117 vaginal

219. Archived: Evidence Summary: Preeclampsia: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/preeclampsia-screening-april-2017
     April 25, 2017 - rate of preeclampsia increased from 3.4% in 1980 to 3.8% in 2010, 4 with the proportion of severe cases … ( c statistic, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.71-0.89]), and detection (52%) and PPV (4.2) were low, based on 29 cases … There were 5 cases of early preeclampsia requiring delivery (incidence, 0.9%). … ) Late preeclampsia: 4.1-5.0 (78-116 cases) Diagnostic Technologies Limited Skråstad et … The percentage of cases correctly classified based on a predefined false-positive risk threshold. 27

220. Zvvry6Wa4Sgj-Ejb3Brcvy (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/zVVRY6wa4Sgj-EJb3BRcVy
     November 01, 2013 - An estimated 232 340 new cases will be diagnosed in 2013, and 39 620 women will die of the disease (1 … Available risk assessment models can accurately esti- mate the number of breast cancer cases that may … Chlebowski and colleagues developed a model based on 3236 cases that developed in the Women’s Health … Compared with placebo, tamoxifen was associated with more cases of endometrial cancer (RR, 2.13 [CI, … Tamoxifen was also as- sociated with 4 cases of endometrial cancer per 1000 women (3 trials).