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121. Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/cHbBWNok76hRWKDXXm3R2_
     February 13, 2018 - was 7.4 per 100 000, with a projected 14 080 deaths from ovarian cancer in 2017.1,2 More than 60% of cases … The PLCO21 and UKCTOCS31 trials reported cases of ovarian, fal- lopian, and primary peritoneal cancer … Data from the earlier UK Pilot trial did not report cases of peritoneal cancer33; therefore, those re … Ovarian cancer was diagnosed in 0.6% of women (388 cases) in the PLCO trial, 0.7% of women (1323 cases … ) in the UKCTOCS trial, and 0.2% of women (36 cases) in the UK Pilot trial.

122. Screening for Breast Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/pth_4-Mnau_pZubaefDvUk
     January 01, 2020 - balance of benefit and harms of screening mammography; and the number of radiation-induced breast cancer cases … Even with the conservative estimate of 1 in 8 breast cancer cases being overdiagnosed, for every woman … The baseline breast cancer incidence rate was 105 to 111 cases per 100 000 women (depending on whether … Breast cancer mortality rates have declined at a slower rate, from 31 to 22 cases (or a reduction of … identified com- pared with 37 cases of DCIS per 100 000 women per year after its introduction (5).

123. Final Recommendation Statement: Prostate Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/prostate-cancer-screening
     May 08, 2018 - This translates to an absolute reduction in the long-term risk of metastatic prostate cancer of 3.1 cases … resulted in substantially more harms—more false-positive results, more prostate biopsies, and more cases … This type of prostate cancer is thought to account for less than 10% of all prostate cancer cases. 20 … Data from screening trials suggest that many cases of low-risk cancer detected by screening would never … Trial data suggest that 21% of cases of screen-detected cancer in the PLCO trial and 50% in the ERSPC

124. Archived: Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chlamydia-and-gonorrhea-screening-september-2014
     September 22, 2014 - In 2012, more than 1.4 million cases of chlamydia and more than 330,000 cases of gonorrhea were reported … Although most identified cases are reported, the incidence of chlamydia and gonorrhea is difficult to … In 2012, more than 1.4 million cases of chlamydial infection were reported to the CDC 1 . … rate in males (262.6 cases per 100,000), with the majority of cases occurring in females aged 15 to … In 2012, more than 330,000 cases of gonococcal infection were reported to the CDC 1 .

125. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review78/ovarian-cancer-screening-2012
     April 15, 2012 - 2008, there were an estimated 15,520 deaths in the United States due to this disease, and 21,650 new cases … abnormal TVU results, 535 (40 percent) underwent biopsy, for a yield of 22 neoplasms (13 invasive cancer cases … abnormal results (1.4 percent) and 62 biopsies were performed, yielding 16 neoplasms (15 invasive cancer cases … tests, 34 (0.1 percent) underwent 27 biopsies and nine neoplasms were discovered (eight invasive cancer cases … screening test result (16 of 6,532), and in these 16 women, three invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases

126. Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Evidence Update for the USPTF Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/fNXdu3HGvWE-ovsuhNeANW
     April 01, 2012 - 2008, there were an estimated 15,520 deaths in the United States due to this disease, and 21,650 new cases … abnormal TVU results, 535 (40 percent) underwent biopsy, for a yield of 22 neoplasms (13 invasive cancer cases … abnormal results (1.4 percent) and 62 biopsies were performed, yielding 16 neoplasms (15 invasive cancer cases … 34 (0.1 percent) underwent 27 biopsies and nine neoplasms were discovered (eight invasive cancer cases … screening test result (16 of 6,532), and in these 16 women, three invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases

127. Cervical Cancer Screening What You Should Know (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/YhwGborFkVokk_QjRwME9X
     Nearly all cases of cervical cancer are caused by HPV, and most are in women who have not been regularly

128. Archived: Evidence Summary: Bleeding Risks With Aspirin Use: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-bleeding-risks-with-aspirin-use/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     April 11, 2016 - Major GI bleeding included cases leading to death, those requiring hospitalization or transfusion, or … Excess cases were calculated by subtracting the event rate per 1000 person-years for aspirin users from … We contrasted excess cases based on control group event rates from trials with results based on control … Given a constant increase in the RR for bleeding associated with very-low-dose aspirin use, excess cases … Negative values indicate cases prevented.

129. Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/zYdjLaTCTBVUwgJTnzpVXr
     May 08, 2018 - Screening programs may also prevent approximately 3 cases of metastatic prostate cancer per 1000 men … In determining whether this service is appropriate in individual cases, patients and clinicians should … In determining whether this service is appropriate in individual cases, patients and clini- cians should … In determining whether this service is appropriate in individual cases, patients and clinicians should … biopsies, and more cases of overdiagnosis.

130. JAMA (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/eko8Cp28pZ3SHHfyvTXJW5
     May 13, 2025 - In a US national sample, approximately 5% of congenital syphi- lis cases occurred in pregnancies that … Two of 3 cohort studies concluded that about one-half of congenital syphilis cases might be prevented … repeat screening and adequate treatment, whereas the third study estimated that about one-fourth of cases

131. Archived: Dementia in Older Adults: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/dementia-older-adults-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - organization) are required for the diagnosis of dementia. 2 , 3 Alzheimer's disease accounts for most cases … are 0.6-1% for ages 65-74, 2-3% for ages 75-84, and 4-8% for ages 85 or older[[14,14a]] many incident cases … 30 has a reasonable sensitivity (80-90%) and specificity (80%) for discriminating between dementia cases … Among 36 cases of dementia evaluated in one community-based screening study, no cases of reversible dementia … were found. 51 Among 85-year-old residents of Gothenburg, Sweden, only 3 of 147 cases of dementia were

132. Screening for Syphilis: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/TzddJozNQQZYmTohr64wMz
     June 07, 2016 - per 1000 patient-years [95% CI, 5.2-9.9] vs 2.8 cases per 1000 patient-years [95% CI, 1.8-4.0]; P < … More cases of infection were detected for cases of early syphilis in HIV-positive MSM (8.1% vs 3.1%, … P = .001), newly acquired syphilis in HIV-positive MSM (7.3 cases [95% CI, 5.2-9.9] vs 2.8 cases [95% … study was limited by the lack of no-antigen control wells for the EIA, the small number of positive cases … These studies screened MSM or HIV-positive men every 3 months and identified more new cases of infection

133. Archived: Evidence Summary: Syphilis Infection in Nonpregnant Adults and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/syphilis-infection-in-nonpregnant-adults-and-adolescents-june-2016
     June 07, 2016 - per 1000 patient-years [95% CI, 5.2 to 9.9] vs 2.8 cases per 1000 patient-years [95% CI, 1.8 to 4.0] … study was limited by the lack of no-antigen control wells for the EIA, the small number of positive cases … These studies screened MSM or HIV-positive men every 3 months and identified more new cases of infection … More cases of infection were detected for cases of early syphilis in HIV-positive MSM (8.1% vs 3.1%, … P =0.001), newly acquired syphilis in HIV-positive MSM (7.3 cases [95% CI, 5.2–9.9] vs 2.8 cases 95%

134. Final Recommendation Statement: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/cervical-cancer-screening
     August 21, 2018 - continue to decline, from 2.8 per 100,000 women in 2000 to 2.3 deaths per 100,000 women in 2015. 1 Most cases … Assessment of Risk High-risk HPV infection is associated with nearly all cases of cervical cancer, … Although screening with hrHPV testing alone or in combination with cytology detects more cases of CIN … of cervical cancer; in addition, 6 cases of high-grade vaginal lesions were detected, but it is not … known whether detection of these cases improved clinical outcomes. 64 Harms of Screening Screening

135. Archived: Breast and Ovarian Cancer: BRCA Genetic Testing, September 2005 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-and-ovarian-cancer-brca-testing-screening-2005
     September 15, 2005 - Genetic counseling includes elements of counseling; risk assessment; pedigree analysis; and, in some cases … Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may detect more cases of cancer, but the effect on mortality is not … both breast and ovarian cancer, presence of breast cancer in 1 or more male family members, multiple cases … in the family, both breast and ovarian cancer in the family, 1 or more family members with 2 primary cases … Conclusions are difficult to draw because of the small number of breast cancer cases in this analysis

136. Recommendation: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-cancer-screening
     April 30, 2024 - White women have the highest incidence of breast cancer (5-year age-adjusted incidence rate, 136.3 cases … per 100,000 women aged 75 to 79 and 80 to 84 years, respectively, compared with 468.2 cases per 100,000 … per 1000 women initially screened) than in the triennial invitation group (2.70 cases per 1000 women … per 1000 women invited to screening with digital mammography plus MRI, compared with 4.7 cases per 1000 … In some cases, clinical preventive services have been well studied, but there are important evidence

137. Screening for Breast Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/zmvjborz6pkcGVzgcP5nCw
     September 30, 2024 - White women have the highest incidence of breast cancer (5-year age-adjusted incidence rate, 136.3 cases … sons aged 70 to 74 years, although rates in persons 75 years or older remain high (453.3 and 409.9 cases … per 100 000 women aged 75 to 79 and 80 to 84 years, respectively, compared with 468.2 cases per 100 … per 1000 women initially screened) than in the triennial invitation group (2.70 cases per 1000 women … In some cases, clinical preventive services have been well studied, but there are important evidence

138. Screening for Hypertension in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/5P_7f2rbEquA-ZR-fJJfHK
     April 27, 2021 - of sustained hypertension and would lead to over- treatment of a greater number of cases of white coat … Follow-up ABPM or HBPM after an initial positive OBPM screening result would result in fewer cases of … sustained hypertension being missed and fewer cases of white coat hypertension being over- treated. … Confirmation with ABPM would result in the greatest num- ber of cases of sustained hypertension being … Importantly, cases of masked hy- pertension would be missed with all 3 of these screening strategies,

139. Recommendation: Syphilis Infection in Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/syphilis-infection-nonpregnant-adults-adolescents-screening
     September 27, 2022 - if left untreated. 1 Tertiary syphilis, which occurs in approximately one-third of latent syphilis cases … Reported cases of primary and secondary syphilis in the US increased from a record low of 2.1 cases per … 100,000 population in 2000 and 2001 to 11.9 cases per 100,000 population in 2019. … Men account for the majority of cases (83% of primary and secondary syphilis cases in 2019), and rates … disproportionately affected, accounting for a majority (57%) of all primary and secondary syphilis cases

140. Recommendation: Hypertension in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hypertension-in-adults-screening
     April 27, 2021 - of sustained hypertension and would lead to overtreatment of a greater number of cases of white coat … Follow-up ABPM or HBPM after an initial positive OBPM screening result would result in fewer cases of … sustained hypertension being missed and fewer cases of white coat hypertension being overtreated. … without any cases of white coat hypertension being treated (by definition, ABPM is considered the gold … Importantly, cases of masked hypertension would be missed with all 3 of these screening strategies, at