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41. Archived: Final Research Plan: Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan151/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening-july-2016
    January 15, 2015 - 7: RCTs, CCTs, cohort studies, systematic reviews, observational studies, systematically selected case … CCTs, cohort studies, systematic reviews, registry studies, long-term trial followup, high-quality case-control … 7: RCTs, CCTs, cohort studies, systematic reviews, observational studies, systematically selected case … 7: RCTs, CCTs, systematic reviews, cohort studies, observational studies, systematically selected case-series … studies All KQs: Studies rated as poor quality KQs 1–3, 5, 6, 8: Qualitative studies, case

42. Final Research Plan: Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/ocular-prophylaxis-for-gonococcal-ophthalmia-neonatorum-preventive-medication
    February 08, 2018 - meta-analyses KQ 2: Randomized, controlled trials; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; cohort studies, case-control … studies, and large case series (≥100 subjects) Narrative reviews, editorials, and case reports

43. Final Research Plan: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-preventive-medication
    May 14, 2020 - according to USPSTF criteria KQ 1: Observational studies KQ 2: Retrospective cohort studies, case … control studies, case series, case reports, narrative reviews, commentaries, or editorials Setting

44. Draft Research Plan: Intimate Partner Violence and Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/intimate-partner-violence-abuse-older-vulnerable-adults
    February 09, 2023 - be offered in primary care settings or referred to by primary care services, including counseling, case … Cohort studies with a concurrent control group are also eligible All other study designs, including case … series, case-control studies, and systematic reviews ‡ Quality Studies rated good or fair quality … be offered in primary care settings or referred to by primary care services, including counseling, case … series, case-control studies, and systematic reviews ‡ Quality Studies rated good or fair quality

45. Final Research Plan: Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/syphilis-infection-pregnant-persons
    March 02, 2023 - meta-analyses (of included study designs) KQs 2, 3: Randomized, controlled trials; cohort studies; case-control … studies; diagnostic accuracy studies; large case series; and systematic reviews and meta-analyses (of … included study designs) Narrative reviews, editorials, and case reports Publication Language

46. Final Research Plan: Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening
    March 02, 2023 - meta-analyses (of included study designs) KQs 2, 3: Randomized, controlled trials; cohort studies; case-control … studies; diagnostic accuracy studies; large case series; and systematic reviews and meta-analyses (of … included study designs) Narrative reviews, editorials, and case reports Publication Language

47. Final Research Plan: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication
    November 05, 2020 - KQs 1–3: RCTs, without publication date limitations KQ 2: Large cohort studies (n>10,000) and case-control … studies on harms of statins vs. no statin for primary prevention Case series, case reports; poor-quality

48. Ericka Gibson, M.D., M.P.H. | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/current-members/ericka-gibson-md-mph
    January 01, 2025 - initiatives, remote patient monitoring platforms, and dedicated perinatal support for mental health, case … collection of race-stratified data and the incorporation of the use of discrimination evaluation tools in case

49. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Lung Cancer: Screening, May 2004 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary35/lung-cancer-screening-2004
    May 15, 2004 - Case-Control Studies Five fair-quality case-control studies were conducted in Japan between 1992 and … Case-Control Studies Criteria: Accurate ascertainment of cases. … A case-control study for evaluating lung cancer screening in Japan. … A case-control study of lung cancer screening in Okayama Prefecture, Japan. … Application of the case-control method in the evaluation of screening.

50. Final Research Plan: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/colorectal-cancer-screening
    May 16, 2019 - studies KQ 2: Randomized, controlled trials; controlled clinical trials; cohort studies; nested case-control … large screening registry or database observational studies; cohort studies; and systematically selected case … studies without a reference standard or without representation of a full spectrum of disease (e.g., case-control … studies, studies that excluded indeterminate results) KQ 3: Case studies * Screening technologies

51. Final Research Plan: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/hypertensive-disorders-pregnancy-screening
    September 02, 2021 - screening programs (e.g., comparisons over time or between settings, population cohort studies, nested case-control … studies) Studies that do not represent the spectrum of disease (e.g., case-control study, editorial … , narrative review, commentary, postmarketing surveillance, and case report) Publication Dates

52. Final Research Plan: Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/hepatitis-c-screening
    December 21, 2017 - U.S. labor and delivery settings   Study design RCTs, controlled observational studies Case … Study design RCTs and uncontrolled clinical trials; for harms, will also include large cohort and case-control … studies; will consider good-quality systematic reviews of clinical trials Case reports, studies not … settings in which HCV antiviral treatments are prescribed   Study design Cohort studies Case-control … studies, case reports, studies not reporting original data Abbreviation s: HCV=hepatitis C

53. Final Research Plan: Skin Cancer Prevention: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/skin-cancer-counseling
    June 30, 2016 - clinical trials KQs 3–5: Randomized and controlled clinical trials; prospective cohort studies Case-control … studies, cross-sectional designs, case series, case reports, narrative reviews, commentaries, editorials … The USPSTF changed the included study designs from observational studies to case-control studies and

54. Final Research Plan: Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/cognitive-impairment-in-older-adults-screening
    October 19, 2017 - controlled trials; nonrandomized, controlled trials; open-label extensions of KQ 4 trials; cohort or case-control … studies KQs 1, 4: Observational studies KQ 2: Case-control studies KQ 3, 5: Case series, … case reports KQ 5: Cohort or case-control studies with <1,000 participants Publication language

55. Archived: Evidence Summary: NSAIDs: Aspirin/NSAIDs for Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-nsaids/aspirin-nsaids-for-prevention-of-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2007
    March 15, 2007 - Confounders Addressed in Adjusted Relative Risks among the Included Case-Control Studies: Use of Nonaspirin … Confounders Addressed in Adjusted Relative Risks among the Included Case-Control Studies: Duration of … Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials and case-control and cohort studies of the effectiveness … In case-control studies, a direct estimate of the relative risk is not possible. … Case-controlled studies (10 CRA, 10 CRC): 20.

56. Final Research Plan: Intimate Partner Violence and Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/intimate-partner-violence-abuse-older-vulnerable-adults
    April 20, 2023 - settings or referred to by primary care services, including counseling, psychological interventions, case … Cohort studies with a concurrent control group are also eligible All other study designs, including case … series, case-control studies, and systematic reviews ‡ Quality Studies rated good or fair quality … settings or referred to by primary care services, including counseling, psychological interventions, case … series, case-control studies, and systematic reviews ‡ Quality Studies rated good or fair quality

57. Final Research Plan: Intimate Partner Violence and Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/intimate-partner-violence-and-abuse-of-elderly-and-vulnerable-adults-screening
    April 20, 2023 - settings or referred to by primary care services, including counseling, psychological interventions, case … Cohort studies with a concurrent control group are also eligible All other study designs, including case … series, case-control studies, and systematic reviews ‡ Quality Studies rated good or fair quality … settings or referred to by primary care services, including counseling, psychological interventions, case … series, case-control studies, and systematic reviews ‡ Quality Studies rated good or fair quality

58. Final Research Plan: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening
    October 08, 2020 - corticosteroids, CXCR2 antagonists, or combinations of these treatments); nonpharmacologic therapy (including case … large registry studies of drug safety KQs 1, 2: Nonrandomized studies, including cohort studies, case-control … studies, and case series Study Quality Good- and fair-quality studies Poor-quality studies

59. Draft Research Plan: Vision in Children Ages 6 Months to 5 Years: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/vision-screening-children-ages-6-months-5-years
    April 24, 2025 - assessment of diagnostic accuracy KQs 3, 5: Randomized, controlled trials; controlled cohort studies; case-control … studies KQ 4: Randomized, controlled trials Case reports, case series, systematic reviews, and

60. Archived: Final Recommendation Statement: Skin Cancer: Counseling, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/skin-cancer-counseling-2003
    October 06, 2003 - Only a single case-control study of skin self-examination has reported a lower risk for melanoma among … Based on this trial, 140 people would need to use sunscreen daily for 4 ½ years to prevent 1 case of … Self-Examination The only evidence for the effectiveness of skin self-examination comes from a single case-control … Melanoma and use of sunscreens: an EORTC case-control study in Germany, Belgium and France. … of topical sunscreens and the risk of malignant melanoma: a meta-analysis of 9067 patients from 11 case-control