-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/deliberative-methods_presentation-2013.pdf
January 01, 2013 - For example, text-based tools, where participants
communicate in written form, can be live in the case … of a live chat room or asynchronous in
the case of a discussion board.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/progestogens-preterm-birth_research-protocol.pdf
June 01, 2010 - trials
• Prospective trials with historical controls
• Prospective or retrospective cohort studies
• Case … control studies
• Medium to large case series (n > 20)
http://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/ … must be
possible
• Sample sizes must be appropriate for study question addressed in paper;
single case … reports or small case series ( < 20 subjects) will be excluded
The study population will be adult
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/lifecycle-assessment-protocol.pdf
August 23, 2023 - The challenge remains on how to translate case-studies to
sector-wide change, without regulation or … This procedure ensures that in the case of group interviews,
all key informants feel heard and have … Balancing Infection Control and Environmental Protection as
a Matter of Patient Safety: The Case of … Material consumption in the healthcare sector: Strategies to
reduce its impact on climate change - The case … Climate impact of material consumption in the health care sector - case study region
scania. 4th International
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/disruptive-behavior-disorder_research-protocol.pdf
January 30, 2014 - Case … this review is children under 18 years of age who are being
treated for a disruptive behavior (see case … Case control studies are rarely optimal for assessing
causal inferences or measuring treatment effects … and will not be included; nor will
studies without comparators (e.g. pre-post or case series). … Mental health promotion and mental illness
prevention: The economic case.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/glaucoma-treatment_surveillance.pdf
January 01, 2013 - higher rate of AEs,
namely poorer IOP
reduction (really lower
efficacy).31
In a retrospective case … A retrospective chart
review of 132 eyes
comparing trabeculectomy
with MMC vs. 5FU
showed 1 case … both
groups and 4 cases of
persistent hypotony in 4 of
the MMC treated eyes.24
A comparative case … no evidence
establishes a link between latanoprost
use and melanoma
Inoue 20127
Retrospective case … than BTFC, and BTFC was
associated with more conjunctival
hyperemia
Ahuja 201227
Retrospective case
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/pdf/epc-child-adolesc-mental-health-grand-rounds.pptx
May 22, 2025 - determine whether a child should be further evaluated for OCD and were included in the analysis
All but 2 case … The available evidence is insufficient for other brief assessment tools
36
Most studies used a case-control … SSRI, ERP, and remote ERP) are most effective, followed by medications.
45
Most studies used a case-control … Was a case-control design avoided? Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions? … Many of these treatments include case management or followup.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/pressure-ulcer-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
November 08, 2011 - exclusion criteria will consist of randomized and
nonrandomized trials, observational studies, and case … Sample size restrictions will not be set a priori, and case series may be
used; however, case studies … not
available, trials that compare one intervention to placebo, or observational studies including case
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/juvenile-arthritis-dmards_surveillance.pdf
March 14, 2013 - Strength of Evidence: Insufficient
One new case report20 found MTX led
to systemic repair of bone … A case
of juvenile idiopathic arthritis exhibiting
repair of systemic bone erosion in response
to … etanercept
Author, year Trial n Subjects Primary Outcome Duration Findings
Alexeeva, 20114 Case … Author, year Trial n Subjects Primary Outcome Duration Findings
Imagawa, 201211 Case series, open-label … Gaujoux-Viala, 20118 Case series of scleritis
associated with etanercept
use for RA
3 cases 3 patients
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/juvenile-arthritis-dmards_surveillance.pdf
March 14, 2013 - Strength of Evidence: Insufficient
One new case report20 found MTX led
to systemic repair of bone … A case
of juvenile idiopathic arthritis exhibiting
repair of systemic bone erosion in response
to … etanercept
Author, year Trial n Subjects Primary Outcome Duration Findings
Alexeeva, 20114 Case … Author, year Trial n Subjects Primary Outcome Duration Findings
Imagawa, 201211 Case series, open-label … Gaujoux-Viala, 20118 Case series of scleritis
associated with etanercept
use for RA
3 cases 3 patients
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/white-paper-lumbar-spondylolisthesis.pdf
March 01, 2021 - White Paper: Standardized Library of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Outcome Measures
Research White Paper
Standardized Library of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Outcome Measures
Research White Paper
Standardized Library of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Outcome Measures
Prepared for: …
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/white-paper-lumbar-spondylolisthesis.pdf
March 01, 2021 - White Paper: Standardized Library of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Outcome Measures
Research White Paper
Standardized Library of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Outcome Measures
Research White Paper
Standardized Library of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Outcome Measures
Prepared for: …
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s149.pdf
October 01, 2007 - System (version 8.0
beta) for description of case-mix�. … As described in step
4), the expected outcome (in this case, charges) for each strata was estimated by … In this case it is important to note that the
estimator’s precision (not bias) generally deteriorates … trying to model too many covariates through an incorrect
model, it becomes important that, even in this case … Of course, estimators relevant to the second case, that
combine the propensity scores as weights together
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/asthma-pharmacologic-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
December 27, 2016 - addition, some of the
pharmacologic interventions include more than one class of medications, in which case … interventions, some of the pharmacologic comparators include more than
one class of medications, in which case … Randomized-controlled trials, cross-over
trials*, prospective or retrospective
observational cohort studies, case-controlled … studies
Case series, case reports, nonsystematic
reviews, systematic reviews with or without
meta-analysis … is evidence to support a differential
effect exists between therapies within a given class in which case
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hemorrhage-postpartum_research-protocol.pdf
June 11, 2014 - We will include population-based case series or registry studies (e.g., studies
reporting data from … We will also include case series reporting on at least 50 cases of PPH
treatment for KQ3. … Admissible designs
• KQ 1-2, 4: RCT or prospective/ retrospective cohort studies, population-
based case … studies with ≥50 cases of PPH treatment
• KQ 3: RCT or prospective/ retrospective cohort studies, case … #3 #1 AND #2 AND English[lang] 4379
#4 newspaper article[pt] OR letter[pt] OR comment[pt] OR case
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-metaanalysis_methods.pdf
July 01, 2012 - Because prevalence is often wide
ranging, and because many medical test studies have a case-control … hierarchical summary ROC; ROC = receiver operating characteristic
8-10
We will focus on the case … Statistical models for the latter case exist, but there is less empirical
evidence on their use. … These will be described briefly, as a special case. … • In many applications, a reasonable case can be made for summarizing studies with both a
summary
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/health-careassociated-infections_disposition-comments.pdf
November 30, 2012 - In particular, the decision to
use organizational change and education as the base case and
to focus … They apparently
have used an economic model to specify the "base case," but I
think this will be very … This seems often to be the case, as
many similar reviews also reach the conclusion that sufficient … Would state that the base case QI strategy is termed
“combination #4” in the text and relevant table … This case study approach is very
helpful.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/treatment-resistant-depression_research-protocol.pdf
December 09, 2009 - discussion with the health care
provider about benefits and harms of each treatment for one’s particular case … and followup
durations and all sample sizes will
be accepted
Studies of poor quality1
Single case … reports or small case series
Editorials, letters, non-systematic literature reviews
B.
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ace-inhibitor-arb-2007_research-2007-1.pdf
January 01, 2007 - In the case of direct comparator studies, we applied a second, more stringent set of criteria
for inclusion … There were 19
RCTs, two retrospective cohorts, and one case-control study. … Eleven of the 12 studies were RCTs;11,12,17,18,23,26,27,40,45,60,64 one was an observational case-
control … enalapril
LVH (23-
24%)
Case-
control
N = 88
3.3 yr Poor LVMI ↓LVMI both, no
difference between … No serious
flaws
Consistent
results
Direct - - - - -
Outcome: Lipid levels
12 RCTs (1 case
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/bereaved-persons-protocol.pdf
June 01, 2023 - observational cohort studies comparing two intervention cohorts, controlled post-only
studies, and case-control … study enrolled a
consecutive or random sample, whether the data are not based on a retrospective
case-control … magnitude
of effect for a particular outcome; graded as consistent, inconsistent, or unknown
(in the case … comparative study OR controlled post-only OR concurrent
comparator OR comparative effectiveness OR case … control OR case-control OR
prospective studies[MeSH] OR controlled trial)
#3
(bereavement[MESH]
-
effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/disruptive-behavior-disorder_clinician.pdf
August 01, 2016 - The case definition
for DBDs used in this review is outlined in the inset above.
1. www.triplep.net … e
Case Definition for Disruptive Behavior Used in This Review
Behaviors that “violate the rights of