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121. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews_Inclusion of Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions in Systematic Reviews of Intervention Effectiveness: An Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/methods-guide-inclusion-nonrandomized-studies.pdf
     September 01, 2022 - series (also known as uncontrolled single-arm study) Case study (also known as case report) Table … Bias in observational study designs: case-control studies. … (epidemiologic adj (study or studies)).ab,ti. 6. case control.ab,ti. 7. … report[tw] OR consensus[mh] OR guideline[pt] OR history[sh] Cohort, case-control, and case series … (case$ and control$).tw. 8.

122. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews_Inclusion of Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions in Systematic Reviews of Intervention Effectiveness: An Update (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/pdf/methods-guide-inclusion-nonrandomized-studies.pdf
     September 01, 2022 - series (also known as uncontrolled single-arm study) Case study (also known as case report) Table … Bias in observational study designs: case-control studies. … (epidemiologic adj (study or studies)).ab,ti. 6. case control.ab,ti. 7. … report[tw] OR consensus[mh] OR guideline[pt] OR history[sh] Cohort, case-control, and case series … (case$ and control$).tw. 8.

123. Assessing the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies in Systematic Reviews of Health Care Interventions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-bias-individual-studies_methods.pdf
     March 01, 2012 - reports/case series/case control studies, etc.] provide valid and useful information to address key … (including nested case-control), case series, and cross-sectional (Table 4).48 Table 4 draws on other … It contains separate questions for cohort and case-control studies. … Case control • Consider typical biases for this nonrandomized study design. … Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale: Case control studies.

124. Slide 1 (ppt file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/marketing_evidence_evans.ppt
     September 13, 2006 - e.g., not get tested, at least not now) Encourage additional learning about the clinical area Case … marketing to practitioners and reinforce other information such as CME, conferences, publications Case … multiple education/information sources, changing practice guidelines, fads in health promotion Case … to practitioners and reinforce other information sources such as CME, conferences, publications Case … Opportunity to merge behavior change theory and health science dissemination & translation fields Case

125. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/preterm-birth-terbutaline-pump_disposition-comments.pdf
     September 01, 2011 - This is important data because, in the case of medical complications of pregnancy, one has to perform … Noted Peer Reviewer 5 Methods Case series with obvious selection bias should not have been included … Similar comments can be made about the two case series, the cohort study, and the non-comparator trials … the existing systematic reviews is that this report is muddied by the inclusion of uncontrolled case … Uncontrolled case series were included only for the outcomes of pump failure.

126. Appendix A: Management of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/suicidal-thoughts-young-people-appendix-a.pdf
     September 26, 2023 - Clinical Trial/ 44 exp Guideline/ 45 exp Treatment Guidelines/ 46 exp practice guideline/ 47 Case-Control … systematic or umbrella) adj3 (review or synthesis)) or (historic* adj4 control*) or "before-after" or "case-control … systematic or umbrella) W/3 (review or synthesis)) or (historic* W/4 control*) or "before-after" or "case-control

127. Vitamin D and Calcium: A Systematic Review of Health Outcomes (Update) (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/vitamin-d-calcium_executive.pdf
     September 01, 2014 - Three cohort studies and the nested case-control study observed a trend toward increased risk with … Prostate Cancer In the current report, four new nested case-control studies (two rated A, two rated … Two new nested case-control studies (both rated B) observed a trend between higher serum vitamin D … In the original report, 12 nested case-control studies (3 rated B, 9 C) evaluated the association of … B), of which three of the nested case- control studies and the two prospective case-control studies

128. Computerized Definitions Showed High Positive Predictive Values for Identifying Reasons for Hospitalizations in a Medicaid Population with Rheumatoid Arthritis (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rheumatoid-arthritis-hospitalizations_research.pdf
     October 01, 2008 - In this study, we determined the positive predictive value (PPV) of computerized case definitions for … invasive pneumococcal disease (3 in primary and 4 in secondary diagnosis fields) were identified (1 case … In addition, we reviewed and confirmed 2 records for cryptococcosis (1 case of meningitis and 1 of pneumonia

129. Effects of Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake on Chronic Disease (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/sodium-potassium_research-protocol.pdf
     April 18, 2017 - • Study design o Prospective cohort studies and nested case-control studies, where at least two … Retrospective studies, case series, cross-sectional studies or surveys, and case reports will be excluded … Retrospective studies, case series, cross-sectional studies or surveys, and case reports will be excluded … Retrospective studies, case series, cross- sectional studies or surveys, and case reports will be excluded … Retrospective studies, case series, cross- sectional studies or surveys, and case reports will be excluded

130. Stroke Prevention in Atr ial Fibr illation Patients: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/stroke-afib-update_research-protocol-amended.pdf
     October 27, 2017 - PICOTS Element Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria editor, case … OR decision[tiab] OR decisions[tiab] OR assessment[tiab]) NOT (Editorial[ptyp] OR Letter[ptyp] OR Case … OR decision[tiab] OR decisions[tiab] OR assessment[tiab]) NOT (Editorial[ptyp] OR Letter[ptyp] OR Case … Type] OR "clinical trial"[tiab] OR "clinical trials"[tiab] NOT (Editorial[ptyp] OR Letter[ptyp] OR Case … atricure[tiab] #10 #4 AND #9 #11 #6 OR #8 OR #10 #12 #11 NOT (Editorial[ptyp] OR Letter[ptyp] OR Case

131. Making Healthcare Safer IV: Supply Chain Disruption Monitoring Programs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/monitoring-programs-protocol.pdf
     January 01, 2024 - For contextual questions 2 and 3, we will also include case reports from healthcare organizations … nonrandomized comparative studies Reviews, statistical models, commentaries, uncontrolled studies, case … In that case, the title and abstract of each citation will be reviewed by the primary reviewer, and … In this case, a second reviewer will dual review the top 10 percent of citations identified by the … For contextual questions 2 and 3, we will also include case reports from he...

132. Modeling to evaluate benefits and harms of new diagnostic tests compared to established diagnostic tests – uses and limitations (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/benefits-harms-modeling_research.pdf
     November 19, 2009 - results and their induced downstream effects has to be supported, theoretically or empirically, on a case-by-case … test result in itself does not necessarily affect patient- relevant outcomes.1 This is evident in the case … Notwithstanding the uniqueness of each case, there are general caveats we can make. … Insufficient or Poor Data on Effectiveness In this case, the link between test accuracy and clinical … Both the case-mix of tested populations and the positivity thresholds of the test can vary at the same

133. ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF INCLUDED STUDIES (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/assessing-the-risk-of-bias_draft-report.pdf
     June 02, 2011 - (including nested case-control), and case series (Table 4). 43 Reviewers may select specific criteria … It contains separate questions for cohort and case-control studies. … Case series Do the reports have good predictive value? How was causality determined? … Case control Consider typical biases for this nonrandomized study design. … Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale: Case control studies.

134. Cervical Ripening in the Outpatient Setting (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ocr-protocol-final_1.pdf
     December 18, 2019 - • Include high quality cohort and case-control studies for harms. … • Include high quality cohort and case- control studies for harms. … • Include high quality cohort and case- control studies for harms. … • Include high quality cohort and case-control studies for harms. … Case series, pre-post studies, case reports a Will Consider higher thresholds from older studies

135. Methods Future Research Needs Number 8: Framework for Considering Study Designs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/study-design-framework_research.pdf
     March 01, 2012 - Nested case-control study B. Nonrandomized comparative trial I. Case-control study C. … Nested Case Control Study In a nested case control study, exposed and control subjects are drawn from … Case Control Study In a case control study, participants are selected based on the known outcome(s) … for each case. … The simplest form of observational study is the case report or case series, which describes the clinical

136. Glaucoma-Treatment Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/glaucoma-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
     November 16, 2010 - Both experimental models and case studies of people with unilateral glaucoma have demonstrated that … Observational study designs, to include cohort and case control studies in addition to randomized controlled … Narrative summaries of case reports and case series (including more than 100 participants) will also … In case of failure to communicate with the primary investigators, or if there is no response within … Scale (NOS)12 for assessing the methodological quality of observational studies to include cohort and case

137. Hi Les, (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rtc-design-principles_research.pdf
     January 01, 2009 - They may be used on all patients, in which case the test-treatment pathway resembles that shown in Figure

138. Disposition of Comments for Technical Brief 21, Management Strategies To Reduce Psychiatric Readmissions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/psychiatric-readmissions_disposition-comments.pdf
     May 21, 2015 - Case management is often distinct from ACT in that it may be used only to link a patient to a service … Adding consumer- providers to intensive case management: does it improve outcome? … One of the major disadvantages of case management is that these interventions rely heavily on the case … With both types of case management, the relative effectiveness of a case manager can be influenced by … The statement refers specifically to “nonintensive case management.”

139. Slide 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ahrq_community_forum_webinar_bonoff.pdf
     January 01, 2000 - Provide on-going and mixed training methods – Lectures, small group breakouts, problem solving, & case … participants: renowned faculty and committed students • Adult learning: lectures, study group sessions, case

140. Training and Support for Patients and Consumers Engaged in Research (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/bonoff-text.pdf
     January 01, 2000 - Provide on-going and mixed training methods § Lectures, small group breakouts, problem solving, & case … participants: renowned faculty and committed students § Adult learning: lectures, study group sessions, case