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101. Stem-Cell-Children Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/stem-cell-children_executive.pdf
     February 01, 2012 - evidence consists of case series and case reports, it is sufficient to demonstrate improved outcomes … Evidence consisted largely of case series and case reports; therefore, we did not attempt to assess … For small series or a compilation of case reports in which the prognosis without HSCT is uniformly … Risk of bias is presumed to be high in a body of evidence comprising small numbers of case reports … However, an obvious strength of association (magnitude of effect)—even if only based on case reports

102. Disposition of Comments for CER 183 Tonsillectomy for OSDB (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/tonsillectomy-disposition-170415.pdf
     January 17, 2017 - Chan: We considered this a case series as it did not use an appropriate comparison group. … Tal: All children received tonsillectomy; we considered this a case series. … In this case, the comparison group was typically developing children without OSDB. 2. … Amiri: All children received tonsillectomy; we considered this a case series. 3. … harms reported in case series and database studies).

103. Research Protocol: Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy: Appendix A (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/breast-reconstruction-mastectomy-protocol-appendix-a.pdf
     May 29, 2025 - Rupture) NOT (“address”[pt] or “autobiography”[pt] or “bibliography”[pt] or “biography”[pt] or “case … government publication”[pt] or “historical article”[pt] or “interview”[pt] or “lecture”[pt] or “legal case

104. Prostate-Cancer-Therapies-Update Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prostate-cancer-therapies-update_research-protocol.pdf
     April 01, 2013 - Association between geographic region and outcomes • Association between hospital and provider case … reports or note or conference paper).de. or (letter or editorial or news or comment or case reports … ).pt.) 8 Limit 7 not (book/ or edited book/ or case report/ or case reports/ or comment/ or conference … ).pt. or (“comment/reply” or editorial or letter or review-book).pt.) 9 Limit 8 not (case report.de … OR case reports.pt. OR case report.ti. OR patient.ti.

105. breast-biopsy-update-130920 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/breast-biopsy-update_research-protocol.pdf
     September 20, 2013 - Retrospective case studies (“case series”12) and other studies sampling patients on the basis of outcomes … Finally, we will collect any primary research articles, regardless of design (i.e., case reports and … case series, case-control studies, cohort studies, and randomized trials), that address the dissemination … Distinguishing  case  series  from  cohort  studies.   … The  case  of  the  misleading  funnel  plot.  

106. Adverse Events Associated with COVID-19 Pharmaceutical Treatments (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/COVID-19-pharmaceutical-treatments.pdf
     December 23, 2023 - Randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, observational studies with a comparison group, case-control … studies Uncontrolled studies, case series, case reports Setting Inpatient and outpatient studies … Controlled Trial (RCT)  Controlled Clinical Trial  Retrospective cohort  Prospective cohort  Case

107. Long-Term-Care-Adults Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/long-term-care-adults_executive.pdf
     November 01, 2012 - Services provided via HCBS may include care coordination or case management, personal care assistant … Substantial differences in case mixes between older adults served through HCBS and in NHs made indirect … That is, heterogeneity in case mix precluded our ability to compare the findings of the two bodies … with those of NH residents using data from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that reported case … Attempts to make indirect comparisons are complicated by issues of selection, case mix, and attrition

108. S158 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s158.pdf
     October 01, 2007 - In that case, a method such as multiple imputation23 can be used to fill in the missing values of the … Smoking history was obtained using data from a companion case– control study. … The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. … Analytic methods for two-stage case-control studies and other stratified designs. … Sampling strategies in nested case-control studies.

109. Blood-based Tests for Multiple Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cell-free-dna-protocol.pdf
     June 05, 2024 - For all KQ: Modeling studies, case series, case reports, in vitro lab studies, studies designed to … report"[tw] OR "case reports"[tw] OR "case series"[tw] OR congress[pt] OR "dictionary"[pt] OR "directory … report"[tw] OR "case reports"[tw] OR "case series"[tw] OR congress[pt] OR "dictionary"[pt] OR "directory … report"[tw] OR "case reports"[tw] OR "case series"[tw] OR congress[pt] OR "dictionary"[pt] OR "directory … report"[tw] OR "case reports"[tw] OR "case series"[tw] OR congress[pt] OR "dictionary"[pt] OR "directory

110. Topic 0318 Psychiatric Hospital Discharge NSD FINAL (2)_SJ_Clean-2 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TND-0376-140408.pdf
     November 06, 2013 - Transition support services after discharge (e.g., discharge services, follow-up calls, short-term case … hospitalization, crisis residential services, extended observation [including emergency department], intensive case

111. Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review - Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/Evidence%20Summary_0_0.pdf
     April 01, 2020 - paroxetine, or vilazodone 8-10 weeks (continued) SAEs Risk difference, 20/1,000; 95% CI, 1 more case

112. Liver-Cancer-Therapy Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/liver-cancer-therapy_executive.pdf
     May 01, 2013 - control 0 0 0 0 0 0 Prospective case series 0 1 1 1 0 3 Retrospective case series 1 0 0 0 0 1 Case … studies, and 3 case reports. … All included comparative studies were reviewed for KQ3, but case series and case reports were excluded … series, and 3 case reports. … Case series do not use comparators.

113. Acute Treatment for Episodic Migraine: Surveillance Report 2 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/episodic-migraine-surveillance-report-2.pdf
     June 01, 2022 - (e.g. narrative reviews, editorials, letters, or erratum), single-arm observational studies, case … control study" or "case base study" or "case referrent study" or "case referent study" or "case referent … study" or "case compeer study" or "case comparison study" or "matched case control" or "multicenter … control study" or "case base study" or "case referrent study" or "case referent study" or "case referent … study" or "case compeer study" or "case comparison study" or "matched case control" or "multicenter

114. renal-update-2015-150115 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-update_research-protocol.pdf
     January 15, 2015 - In part due to the state of the evidence reviewed to date, it remains the case that vascular surgeons … only, N≥30 o Medication: prospective only, N≥10 o Surgery: prospective or retrospective: N≥10 • Case … We will also search for eligible case reports in a separate search restricted to terms related to acute … (follow-up or followup).tw. 26. exp Case-Control Studies/ 27. … (case adj20 control).tw. 28. exp Longitudinal Studies/ 29. longitudinal.tw. 30. exp Cohort Studies

115. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/glaucoma-screening_research-protocol.pdf
     November 16, 2010 - various screening-based programs to no screening program (usual care including, e.g., opportunistic case … of a screening -based program) to no screening program (usual care including, e.g., opportunistic case … reports and case series (including more than 100 participants) will also be presented for Key Question … In case of failure to communicate with the primary investigators, or if there is no response within … Scale (NOS)12 to assess the methodological quality of observational studies to include cohort and case

116. Weight-Loss-Surgery Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/weight-loss-surgery_executive.pdf
     June 01, 2013 - We searched the literature for systematic reviews, case series, cohort, case control studies and controlled … Results from controlled trials, case-control studies, cohort studies, and case series of surgical procedures … control/case series: 4 Wrong population – cancer patients: 1 Other: 3 Accepted based on short form … series: surgery vs. surgery N=1 Case control N=1 Case series N=8 Cohort N=7 Figure B. … One, a case series of LAGB patients in Italy, reported followup at 5 years for 29 of the 210 initial

117. CER 218 Evidence Summary: Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-218-osteoporosis-fracture-prevention-evidence-summary.pdf
     April 01, 2019 - of ONJ.41-43 Relative risk estimates varied widely between studies, likely due to heterogeneity in case … women aged >50 yr with hip or femoral fracture from 8 hospital medical records databases (nested case … ) One case occurred (in continuation group) Insufficient (h-IM) Zoledronate continuation vs. … These observational studies should use consensus case definitions,64, 65 standard non-case and exposure … Incidence, risk factors, and fracture healing of atypical femoral fractures: a multicenter case-control

118. The Role of Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Asthma--Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-196-evidence-summary-immunotherapy-asthma.pdf
     March 01, 2018 - Inconsistent Indirect Imprecise Undetected Unable to draw conclusions Insufficient 1 non-RCT20 1 case … series21 1 case report22 N=792 55 cases Likely (Likelihood of causality) Death No RCTs or … non-RCTs Unable to draw conclusions Insufficient 1 case report23 1 case series24 N=145 1 case … to no treatment could not be determined (no cases reported in RCTs, insufficient evidence), three case … Non-RCTs Medium Inconsistent Direct Imprecise Undetected Unable to draw conclusions Insufficient 3 case

119. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/autism-adolescents_research-protocol.pdf
     March 29, 2011 - also showed, however, that those with ASDs had a higher rate of employment (40.8%) at the time of case … alternative medicine interventions including acupuncture and massage o Crisis management o Case … While we agree that case series without independent replication generally provide limited data, they … for or further analyze those case series assessed as poor in quality. …  Case management refers to the coordination of care and services for an individual with an ASD

120. S89 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s89.pdf
     October 01, 2007 - A third case occurred in the vaccinated group during week 14, with an increase in LLR to 2.08. … However, in week 16, a case of facial paralysis occurred in the control group, reducing the LLR to 0.52 … Hypothetically, the LLR would have been different if the fourth case of facial paralysis had occurred … If a fifth case had occurred in the vaccinated group with zero cases in the control group, the LLR would … In the analysis of thrombocytopenia using historical expected counts, 1 case occurred in the vaccinated