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181. Final Recommendation Statement: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/breast-cancer-screening
     April 30, 2024 - receptor–negative [PR–], and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative [HER2–]), which are more aggressive tumors … detection or in tumor characteristics (tumor size, histologic grade, or node status) when comparing … The risk of a stage IIB or higher cancer diagnosis and of having a tumor with less favorable prognostic … cancer features such as tumor size, node positivity status, or histologic grade when comparing annual … Interval breast cancer rates and tumor characteristics in the prospective population-based Malmö breast

182. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Skin Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary46/skin-cancer-screening-2009
     February 15, 2009 - with whole-body examination by primary care clinicians or by self-examination accurately detect skin cancers … with whole-body examination by primary care clinicians or by self-examination accurately detect skin cancers … We used terms skin neoplasms, squamous cell neoplasms, basal cell neoplasms, melanoma , and mass screening … on case patients ( n = 650) in Berwick and colleagues' study 7 were obtained from the Connecticut Tumor … with whole-body examination by primary care clinicians or by self-examination accurately detect skin cancers

183. Partial Breast Irradiation for Breast Cancer (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/partial-breast-irradiation-disposition-comments.pdf
     January 31, 2023 - Partial Breast Irradiation for Breast Cancer. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 259. … • One reviewer suggested changing the terminology “ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR)” to … size, tumor grade) in Appendix Table J subgroup analyses. … The results and discussion sections describe findings of the analysis of tumor size. … state that clinicians can consider treating with 26Gy in 5 fractions using mini-tangents for larger tumors

184. Archived: Risk Factors and Other Epidemiologic Considerations for Cervical Cancer Screening: A Narrative Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/risk-factors-and-other-epidemiologic-considerations-for-cervical-cancer-screening-a-narrative-review-for-the-us-preventive-services-task-force/cervical-cancer-screening-2012
     October 15, 2011 - ICC up to age 30 years 47 ; however, there was still uncertainty about its effect on advanced-stage tumors … There was no difference in the aggressiveness of invasive cancers in older women. … Risk of cervical and other cancers after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: retrospective … Surveillance of screening-detected cancers (colon and rectum, breast, and cervix) — United States, 2004 … Natural history of cervical neoplasia and risk of invasive cancer in women with cervical intraepithelial

185. Statistical Brief #125: Cancer Hospitalizations for Adults, 2009 (pdf file)
     hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb125.pdf
     February 01, 2012 - among men, breast cancers among women, and colorectal cancers among both men and women. … , secondary malignancies (i.e., metastatic cancer), and lung cancer. … cancer, secondary malignancies (i.e., metastatic cancers), and lung cancer (figure 1). … Cancer of colon* Cancer of bronchus, lung Secondary malignancies Cancer of prostate Figure 1.  … Cancer of uterus Cancer of colon* Cancer of bronchus, lung Cancer of breast* Secondary malignancies

186. Layout 1 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prostate-cancer_executive.pdf
     February 01, 2008 - e.g., Gleason score, tumor volume, screen vs. clinically detected tumors) affect the outcomes of interventions … How do tumor characteristics, e.g., Gleason score, tumor volume, screen vs. clinically detected tumors … Men with low-grade prostate cancers had a minimal risk of dying from prostate cancer (7 percent with … Low • The risk of overall or prostate cancer death over 10 years for PSA-detected prostate cancers according … High • Screening with PSA testing detects more prostate cancer and cancers of smaller volume, earlier

187. Archived: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening-2003
     January 07, 2003 - The majority of cervical cancers in the United States occur in women who have never been screened or … of cytological screening after total hysterectomy for benign disease (e.g., no evidence of cervical neoplasia … or DES exposure due to increased risk for vaginal neoplasms, but data on the yield of such screening … American Cancer Society Guideline for the Early Detection of Cervical Neoplasia and Cancer. … Trends in cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia in Iceland through 1995: evaluation of targeted age groups

188. Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Updated Modeling Study for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/473PPVwoRhapCkN9SC-rue
     May 18, 2021 - small number of cancers detected in screening studies. … that are not the target of colorectal cancer screening (eg, carcinoid tumors). … Accuracy of CT colonography for detection of large adenomas and cancers. … Contributions of adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumors to early-onset colorectal cancer incidence rates … Prevalence of advanced, precancerous colorectal neoplasms in black and white populations: a systematic

189. PCA3 Testing in the Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer: Future Research Needs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prostate-cancer-antigen-3-gene_research.pdf
     April 01, 2013 - The prostate cancer antigen-3 gene (PCA3) has recently been found to be overexpressed in prostate cancers … research question would be to determine if the trade-off between reduction in biopsies and missed cancers … and what is learned through the studies in Research Question 2.1 about likely behavior of cancers … Can intermediate outcomes, such as cancer classifications of aggressive or indolent tumors be properly … PCA3 molecular urine assay correlates with prostate cancer tumor volume: implication in selecting candidates

190. Screening for Prostate Cancer: USPSTF Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vCzPVrVJfgFWfpWRdEHMKQ
     July 01, 2012 - detected by PSA screening have a tumor that either will not progress or will progress so slowly that … On the basis of PSA level, Gleason score, and tumor stage, approximately 43% had low-risk tumors, 36% … had intermediate-risk tumors, and 21% had high-risk tumors. … The 10-year prostate cancer mortality rate for well- or moderately differentiated tumors among men aged … The frequency of carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the prostate in young male patients.

191. Statistical Brief #69: Hospitalization for Colorectal Cancer, 2006 (pdf file)
     hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb69.pdf
     March 01, 2009 - of cancer-related deaths.1 Unlike most cancers, colorectal cancer is considered preventable in many … in 2006, including cancers of the colon, rectum, and anus. … therapy noted as the principal diagnosis, including colorectal cancer (26.6 percent), secondary malignancies … surgical treatment used to remove malignant tumors in the colon), and one-fifth (21.8 percent) cited … colon, rectum, or anus 151,900 26.6% 2 Secondary malignancies 27,600 4.8% 3 Intestinal obstruction

192. Gastric-Cancers-Supplementary-App-E (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gastric-cancers-supplementary-app-e.xlsx
     June 25, 2025 - E-1. OS LT Table E-1. Overall survival league table Pre-op Fluoro+Plat+Taxane + Post-op Fluoro . . . . . . 0.76 [0.55; 1.05] . . . . . . . . . 1.03 [0.51; 2.09] Periop Fluoro+Plat+Taxane+Antiangio 0.92 [0.55; 1.53] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.95 [0.58; 1.55] 0.92 [0.55; 1.53] Periop Fluoro+Plat+Taxane . 1.05 [0.5…

193. Estimation of breast cancer overdiagnosis in a U.S. breast screening cohort. | PSNet
     psnet.ahrq.gov/issue/estimation-breast-cancer-overdiagnosis-us-breast-screening-cohort
     March 30, 2022 - Estimation of breast cancer overdiagnosis in a U.S. breast screening cohort. … that 15.4% of screen-detected cancers are overdiagnosed (i.e., detecting indolent preclinical cancer … Estimation of breast cancer overdiagnosis in a U.S. breast screening cohort. … July 6, 2022 Breast cancer screening in Denmark: a cohort study of tumor size and overdiagnosis … August 10, 2011 One-stop diagnostic breast clinics: how often are breast cancers missed

194. Evidence Summary: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary14/lung-cancer-screening
     March 09, 2021 - Lung-RADS category 4X: does it improve prediction of malignancy in subsolid nodules? … Extrapulmonary findings and malignancies in participants screened with chest CT in the National Lung … harms Estimates were not provided for lifetime risk of radiation-induced cancers or fatal cancers … across studies (range, 20%-80%) and by subgroups defined by clinical characteristics (eg, operability of tumor … in stage I lung cancers of 19% to 27%, decrease in stage IV lung cancers of 14% to 19% were associated

195. 04-E029-1 Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prostate-cancer-surveillance_executive.pdf
     December 01, 2011 - The cancer is usually localized, and most tumors have low histological grades and low Gleason scores. … low-risk tumors. … cancer patients with other primary tumors were consistently less likely to die of prostate cancer compared … Tumor grade Three studies reported information on prostate cancer mortality stratified by tumor grade … The two studies reporting on T1/T2 tumors both demonstrated a decrease of T1a/T1b tumors and T2a tumors

196. Recommendation: Bladder Cancer in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/bladder-cancer-in-adults-screening
     August 15, 2011 - The stages of bladder cancer include superficial (Ta or T1) and muscle-invasive tumors. … Many superficial tumors (50% to 70%) will recur after treatment, with a 10% to 20% risk for the tumor … One fourth of all cases of bladder cancer and 20% to 40% of all invasive tumors have already metastasized … Treatment Once bladder cancer has been diagnosed, several factors determine treatment, including tumor … grade, cancer stage (superficial vs. invasive), whether the tumor is recurrent, the patient's age and

197. Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: Evidence Summary (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/prostate-cancer-therapies-summary.pdf
     September 01, 2020 - Effects may not vary by patient or tumor factors. … one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among U.S. men (191,930 new cases) and the second leading … cause of cancer death (33,330).1 In 90 percent of newly diagnosed cancers, the disease is confined … Effects may not vary by patient or tumor risk factors. … Age and tumor risk category may be important effect modifiers.

198. Resources for Women’s Health | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
     www.ahrq.gov/prevention/resources/womens-health.html
     July 01, 2018 - , Bone, and Joint Conditions Pregnancy and Childbirth Smoking Cessation Wellness Cancer Cancer is a term … Cancers are described based on the origin of the tumor, including— Carcinoma—cancers derived from epithelial … Sarcoma—cancers arising from connective tissue. … Germ cell tumor—cancers derived from pluripotent cells, most often presenting in the ovary. … Blastoma—cancers derived from immature precursor cells or embryonic tissue.

199. Screening for oral cancer literature surveillance report 2023 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/kBouKdKBx6XdvyT6Mej8w4
     September 01, 2023 - Screening for oral cancer literature surveillance report 2023 1 U.S. … Non-Invasive Early Detection of Oral Cancers Using Fluorescence Visualization with Optical Instruments … Cancers. 2020;12(10):27. PMID: 32992486. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12102771. 13. … A Study of Toluidine Blue Staining in Suspected Oral Malignancies in Patients Presenting to Tertiary … Salivary High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA as a Biomarker for HPV-Driven Head and Neck Cancers

200. Medical Therapies for Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gastric-cancers-protocol-amendment.pdf
     May 02, 2025 - Recurrent cancer, metastatic cancer, early stage (T1aN0 and T1bN0), stage 4 cancer, GEJ cancer patients … stromal tumors (GIST), neuroendocrine tumors, gastric lymphoma, MALToma, other rare gastric cancers … To reduce clinical heterogeneity, we will analyze studies of patients with resectable tumors or who … ://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/gastric-cancers-protocol.pdf https: … * OR carcinoma* OR malignan* OR neoplas* OR tumor* OR tumour*)):ab,ti,kw) 2 'cancer palliative therapy